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Dr. Konstantinos Gardikis
Research & Development Director

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0 Natural Products
0 Biochemistry and biological characterization
0 Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery
0 drug carriers
0 extraction and characterisation of natural compounds

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Review
Published: 18 June 2021 in Plants
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Plants constitute a rich source of diverse classes of valuable phytochemicals (e.g., phenolic acids, flavonoids, carotenoids, alkaloids) with proven biological activity (e.g., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, etc.). However, factors such as low stability, poor solubility and bioavailability limit their food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical applications. In this regard, a wide range of delivery systems have been developed to increase the stability of plant-derived bioactive compounds upon processing, storage or under gastrointestinal digestion conditions, to enhance their solubility, to mask undesirable flavors as well as to efficiently deliver them to the target tissues where they can exert their biological activity and promote human health. In the present review, the latest advances regarding the design of innovative delivery systems for pure plant bioactive compounds, extracts or essential oils, in order to overcome the above-mentioned challenges, are presented. Moreover, a broad spectrum of applications along with future trends are critically discussed.

ACS Style

Anastasia Kyriakoudi; Eleni Spanidi; Ioannis Mourtzinos; Konstantinos Gardikis. Innovative Delivery Systems Loaded with Plant Bioactive Ingredients: Formulation Approaches and Applications. Plants 2021, 10, 1238 .

AMA Style

Anastasia Kyriakoudi, Eleni Spanidi, Ioannis Mourtzinos, Konstantinos Gardikis. Innovative Delivery Systems Loaded with Plant Bioactive Ingredients: Formulation Approaches and Applications. Plants. 2021; 10 (6):1238.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anastasia Kyriakoudi; Eleni Spanidi; Ioannis Mourtzinos; Konstantinos Gardikis. 2021. "Innovative Delivery Systems Loaded with Plant Bioactive Ingredients: Formulation Approaches and Applications." Plants 10, no. 6: 1238.

Journal article
Published: 27 February 2021 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Surface active agents (SAAs), currently used in modern industry, are synthetic chemicals produced from non-renewable sources, with potential toxic impacts on humans and the environment. Thus, there is an increased interest for the identification and utilization of natural derived SAAs. As such, the marine environment is considered a promising source of biosurfactants with low toxicity, environmental compatibility, and biodegradation compared to their synthetic counterparts. MARISURF is a Horizon 2020 EU-funded project aiming to identify and functionally characterize SAAs, derived from a unique marine bacterial collection, towards commercial exploitation. Specifically, rhamnolipids produced by Marinobacter MCTG107b and Pseudomonas MCTG214(3b1) strains were previously identified and characterized while currently their toxicity profile was assessed by utilizing well-established methodologies. Our results showed a lack of cytotoxicity in in vitro models of human skin and liver as indicated by alamar blue and propidium iodide assays. Additionally, the use of the single gel electrophoresis assay, under oxidative stress conditions, revealed absence of any significant mutagenic/anti-mutagenic potential. Finally, both 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) cell-free assays, revealed no significant anti-oxidant capacity for neither of the tested compounds. Consequently, the absence of significant cytotoxicity and/or mutagenicity justifies their commercial exploitation and potential development into industrial end-user applications as natural and environmentally friendly biosurfactants.

ACS Style

Georgia-Persephoni Voulgaridou; Theodora Mantso; Ioannis Anestopoulos; Ariel Klavaris; Christina Katzastra; Despoina-Eugenia Kiousi; Marini Mantela; Alex Galanis; Konstantinos Gardikis; Ibrahim Banat; Tony Gutierrez; Karina Sałek; Stephen Euston; Mihalis Panayiotidis; Aglaia Pappa. Toxicity Profiling of Biosurfactants Produced by Novel Marine Bacterial Strains. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 2383 .

AMA Style

Georgia-Persephoni Voulgaridou, Theodora Mantso, Ioannis Anestopoulos, Ariel Klavaris, Christina Katzastra, Despoina-Eugenia Kiousi, Marini Mantela, Alex Galanis, Konstantinos Gardikis, Ibrahim Banat, Tony Gutierrez, Karina Sałek, Stephen Euston, Mihalis Panayiotidis, Aglaia Pappa. Toxicity Profiling of Biosurfactants Produced by Novel Marine Bacterial Strains. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (5):2383.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Georgia-Persephoni Voulgaridou; Theodora Mantso; Ioannis Anestopoulos; Ariel Klavaris; Christina Katzastra; Despoina-Eugenia Kiousi; Marini Mantela; Alex Galanis; Konstantinos Gardikis; Ibrahim Banat; Tony Gutierrez; Karina Sałek; Stephen Euston; Mihalis Panayiotidis; Aglaia Pappa. 2021. "Toxicity Profiling of Biosurfactants Produced by Novel Marine Bacterial Strains." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 5: 2383.

Journal article
Published: 23 February 2021 in Plants
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Propolis is a resinous substance produced by bees that exhibits antimicrobial, immunostimulatory and antioxidant activity. Its use is common in functional foods, cosmetics and traditional medicine despite the fact that it demonstrates low extraction yields and inconsistency in non-toxic solvents. In this work, a new encapsulation and delivery system consisting of liposomes and cyclodextrins incorporating propolis polyphenols has been developed and characterized. The antioxidant, antimutagenic and antiaging properties of the system under normal and UVB-induced oxidative stress conditions were investigated in cultured skin cells and/or reconstituted skin model. Furthermore, the transcript accumulation for an array of genes involved in many skin-related processes was studied. The system exhibits significant polyphenol encapsulation efficiency, physicochemical stability as well as controlled release rate in appropriate conditions. The delivery system can retain the anti-mutagenic, anti-oxidative and anti-ageing effects of propolis polyphenols to levels similar and comparable to those of propolis methanolic extracts, making the system ideal for applications where non-toxic solvents are required and controlled release of the polyphenol content is desired.

ACS Style

Eleni Spanidi; Athanasios Karapetsas; Georgia-Persephoni Voulgaridou; Sophia Letsiou; Nektarios Aligiannis; Ilias Tsochantaridis; Spyridon Kynigopoulos; Maria Lambropoulou; Ioannis Mourtzinos; Aglaia Pappa; Konstantinos Gardikis. A New Controlled Release System for Propolis Polyphenols and Its Biochemical Activity for Skin Applications. Plants 2021, 10, 420 .

AMA Style

Eleni Spanidi, Athanasios Karapetsas, Georgia-Persephoni Voulgaridou, Sophia Letsiou, Nektarios Aligiannis, Ilias Tsochantaridis, Spyridon Kynigopoulos, Maria Lambropoulou, Ioannis Mourtzinos, Aglaia Pappa, Konstantinos Gardikis. A New Controlled Release System for Propolis Polyphenols and Its Biochemical Activity for Skin Applications. Plants. 2021; 10 (2):420.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eleni Spanidi; Athanasios Karapetsas; Georgia-Persephoni Voulgaridou; Sophia Letsiou; Nektarios Aligiannis; Ilias Tsochantaridis; Spyridon Kynigopoulos; Maria Lambropoulou; Ioannis Mourtzinos; Aglaia Pappa; Konstantinos Gardikis. 2021. "A New Controlled Release System for Propolis Polyphenols and Its Biochemical Activity for Skin Applications." Plants 10, no. 2: 420.

Journal article
Published: 08 September 2020 in Marine Drugs
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The strain Aspergillus chevalieri TM2-S6 was isolated from the sponge Axinella and identified according to internal transcribed spacer (ITS) molecular sequence homology with Aspergillus species from the section Restricti. The strain was cultivated 9 days on potato dextrose broth (PDB), and the medium evaluated as antioxidant on primary normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). The cultivation broth was submitted to sterile filtration, lyophilized and used without any further processing to give the Aspergillus chevalieri TM2-S6 cultivation broth ingredient named ACBB. ACCB contains two main compounds: tetrahydroauroglaucin and flavoglaucin. Under oxidative stress, ACCB showed a significant promotion of cell viability. To elucidate the mechanism of action, the impact on a panel of hundreds of genes involved in fibroblast physiology was evaluated. Thus, ACCB stimulates cell proliferation (VEGFA, TGFB3), antioxidant response (GPX1, SOD1, NRF2), and extracellular matrix organization (COL1A1, COL3A1, CD44, MMP14). ACCD also reduced aging (SIRT1, SIRT2, FOXO3). These findings indicate that Aspergillus chevalieri TM2-S6 cultivation broth exhibits significant in vitro skin protection of human fibroblasts under oxidative stress, making it a potential cosmetic ingredient.

ACS Style

Sophia Letsiou; Artemis Bakea; Géraldine Le Goff; Philippe Lopes; Konstantinos Gardikis; Michal Weis; Yehuda Benayahu; Jamal Ouazzani. Marine Fungus Aspergillus chevalieri TM2-S6 Extract Protects Skin Fibroblasts from Oxidative Stress. Marine Drugs 2020, 18, 460 .

AMA Style

Sophia Letsiou, Artemis Bakea, Géraldine Le Goff, Philippe Lopes, Konstantinos Gardikis, Michal Weis, Yehuda Benayahu, Jamal Ouazzani. Marine Fungus Aspergillus chevalieri TM2-S6 Extract Protects Skin Fibroblasts from Oxidative Stress. Marine Drugs. 2020; 18 (9):460.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sophia Letsiou; Artemis Bakea; Géraldine Le Goff; Philippe Lopes; Konstantinos Gardikis; Michal Weis; Yehuda Benayahu; Jamal Ouazzani. 2020. "Marine Fungus Aspergillus chevalieri TM2-S6 Extract Protects Skin Fibroblasts from Oxidative Stress." Marine Drugs 18, no. 9: 460.

Journal article
Published: 30 June 2020 in Antioxidants
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In the present study, we aimed to examine the antioxidant, antiaging and photoprotective properties of Greek honey samples of various botanical and geographical origin. Ethyl-acetate extracts were used and the and the total phenolic/flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity were evaluated. Honey extracts were then studied for their cytoprotective properties against UVB-induced photodamage using human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) and/or reconstituted human skin tissue models. Specifically, the cytotoxicity, oxidative status, DNA damage and gene expression levels of specific matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were examined. Overall, the treatment of HaCaT cells with honey extracts resulted in lower levels of DNA strand breaks and attenuated the decrease in cell viability following UVB exposure. Additionally, honey extracts significantly decreased the total protein carbonyl content of the irradiated cells, however, they had no significant effect on their total antioxidant status. Finally, the extracts alleviated the UVB-induced up-regulation of MMPs-3, -7 and -9 in a model of reconstituted skin tissue. In conclusion, honey extracts exhibited significant photoprotective and antiaging properties under UVB exposure conditions and thus could be further exploited as promising agents for developing novel and naturally-based, antiaging cosmeceutical products.

ACS Style

Athanasios Karapetsas; Georgia-Persephoni Voulgaridou; Dimitra Iliadi; Ilias Tsochantaridis; Panagiota Michail; Spyridon Kynigopoulos; Maria Lambropoulou; Maria-Ioanna Stavropoulou; Konstantina Stathopoulou; Sofia Karabournioti; Nektarios Aligiannis; Konstantinos Gardikis; Alex Galanis; Mihalis I. Panayiotidis; Aglaia Pappa. Honey Extracts Exhibit Cytoprotective Properties against UVB-Induced Photodamage in Human Experimental Skin Models. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 566 .

AMA Style

Athanasios Karapetsas, Georgia-Persephoni Voulgaridou, Dimitra Iliadi, Ilias Tsochantaridis, Panagiota Michail, Spyridon Kynigopoulos, Maria Lambropoulou, Maria-Ioanna Stavropoulou, Konstantina Stathopoulou, Sofia Karabournioti, Nektarios Aligiannis, Konstantinos Gardikis, Alex Galanis, Mihalis I. Panayiotidis, Aglaia Pappa. Honey Extracts Exhibit Cytoprotective Properties against UVB-Induced Photodamage in Human Experimental Skin Models. Antioxidants. 2020; 9 (7):566.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Athanasios Karapetsas; Georgia-Persephoni Voulgaridou; Dimitra Iliadi; Ilias Tsochantaridis; Panagiota Michail; Spyridon Kynigopoulos; Maria Lambropoulou; Maria-Ioanna Stavropoulou; Konstantina Stathopoulou; Sofia Karabournioti; Nektarios Aligiannis; Konstantinos Gardikis; Alex Galanis; Mihalis I. Panayiotidis; Aglaia Pappa. 2020. "Honey Extracts Exhibit Cytoprotective Properties against UVB-Induced Photodamage in Human Experimental Skin Models." Antioxidants 9, no. 7: 566.

Journal article
Published: 09 May 2019 in Antioxidants
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The aim of this study was to assess the antioxidant, photoprotective, and antiaging effects of Greek propolis. Propolis was subjected to n-heptane or methanol extraction. Total phenolic/flavonoid content and antioxidant potential were determined in the extracts. Promising extracts were evaluated for their cytoprotective properties using human immortalized keratinocyte (HaCaT) or reconstituted human skin tissue following exposure to UVB. Assessment of cytotoxicity, DNA damage, oxidative status, and gene/protein expression levels of various matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were performed. The propolis methanolic fractions exhibited higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents and significant in vitro antioxidant activity. Incubation of HaCaT cells with certain methanolic extracts significantly decreased the formation of DNA strand breaks following exposure to UVB and attenuated UVB-induced decrease in cell viability. The extracts had no remarkable effect on the total antioxidant status, but significantly lowered total protein carbonyl content used as a marker for protein oxidation in HaCaT cells. MMP-1, -3, -7, and -9, monitored as endpoints of antiaging efficacy, were significantly reduced by propolis following UVB exposure in a model of reconstituted skin tissue. In conclusion, propolis protects against the oxidative and photodamaging effects of UVB and could be further explored as a promising agent for developing natural antiaging strategies.

ACS Style

Athanasios Karapetsas; Georgia-Persephoni Voulgaridou; Manolis Konialis; Ilias Tsochantaridis; Spyridon Kynigopoulos; Maria Lambropoulou; Maria-Ioanna Stavropoulou; Konstantina Stathopoulou; Nektarios Aligiannis; Petros Bozidis; Anna Goussia; Konstantinos Gardikis; Mihalis I. Panayiotidis; Aglaia Pappa. Propolis Extracts Inhibit UV-Induced Photodamage in Human Experimental In Vitro Skin Models. Antioxidants 2019, 8, 125 .

AMA Style

Athanasios Karapetsas, Georgia-Persephoni Voulgaridou, Manolis Konialis, Ilias Tsochantaridis, Spyridon Kynigopoulos, Maria Lambropoulou, Maria-Ioanna Stavropoulou, Konstantina Stathopoulou, Nektarios Aligiannis, Petros Bozidis, Anna Goussia, Konstantinos Gardikis, Mihalis I. Panayiotidis, Aglaia Pappa. Propolis Extracts Inhibit UV-Induced Photodamage in Human Experimental In Vitro Skin Models. Antioxidants. 2019; 8 (5):125.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Athanasios Karapetsas; Georgia-Persephoni Voulgaridou; Manolis Konialis; Ilias Tsochantaridis; Spyridon Kynigopoulos; Maria Lambropoulou; Maria-Ioanna Stavropoulou; Konstantina Stathopoulou; Nektarios Aligiannis; Petros Bozidis; Anna Goussia; Konstantinos Gardikis; Mihalis I. Panayiotidis; Aglaia Pappa. 2019. "Propolis Extracts Inhibit UV-Induced Photodamage in Human Experimental In Vitro Skin Models." Antioxidants 8, no. 5: 125.