The objective was to investigate the context, approach and research topics present in the papers that analysed trace elements in beef cattle to identify gaps and scientific perspectives for the sustainable management of trace elements in livestock. The main research groups came from the United States, Spain, Japan, Brazil, India and Slovakia, which represented 31% of the papers produced. Only 37% of studies addressed aspects that integrated animal, environmental and human health. The reviewed papers concerned 56 elements and 15 bovine tissues (Cu, Zn, Pb, liver, muscle and kidney highlighted). The main gaps were (1) lack of research in developing countries, (2) the need to understand the impact of different environmental issues and their relationship to the conditions in which animals are raised, and (3) the need to understand the role of many trace elements in animal nutrition and their relationship to environmental and human health. Finally, we highlight possible ways to expand knowledge and provide innovations for broad emerging issues, primarily through expanding collaborative research networks. In this context, we suggest the adoption of the One Health approach for planning further research on trace elements in livestock. Moreover, the One Health approach should also be considered for managers and politicians for a sustainable environmental care and food safety.

Campos de murundus são áreas úmidas caracterizadas por apresentar um relevo plano intermeados por montículos, denominados murundus. O conhecimento dos teores de elementos-traço nesses ambientes é importante para subsidiar uma gestão sustentável em áreas sujeitas à intervenção antrópica de modo conciliar a demanda produtiva e a conservação ambiental. O objetivo desse trabalho foi determinar os teores e propor valores de referência de qualidade (VRQs) de elementos-traço (Zn, Ni, Cu, Cr, Pb, As, Cd e Se), Fe e Mn no solo dos campos de murundus na região sudoeste de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Para isso, foram coletadas amostras de solo nas profundidades de 0 a 20 e 20 a 40 cm, nos ambientes “murundu” e “plano”, os quais representam os murundus propriamente ditos e a área em seu entorno, respectivamente. A proposição de VRQs foi realizada de acordo com a resolução Conama 420/2009. Os VRQs propostos para esses ambientes foram: Zn 7,8; Ni 6,0; Cu 9,2; Cr 21,0; Pb 10,8; As 1,6; Cd <0,03, Se <0,31 e Mn 16,5 mg kg-1 e Fe 4,9 g kg-1. Os teores observados refletem a pobreza do material de origem dos solos nesses elementos, bem como a ausência de contaminação.

The objectives of this study were to investigate the transfer of micronutrients and toxic elements from the environment to animals and food and to obtain information about trace element levels in pasture-based animal production systems. Samples of soil, grass, nutritional supplements, and blood were obtained from different farms in the southern Amazon, Brazil. In addition, samples of muscle, kidney, and liver were obtained from various markets in the same region. All samples were analyzed to determine the concentrations of several elements: Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Se, Co, Mo, Ni, Cr, Pb, As, Cd, and Hg. Low concentrations of these elements were detected in soil and grass samples. Deficient or excessive concentrations of several micronutrients were detected in the nutritional supplements. Marginal Se deficiencies were identified in cattle blood. Meat products had low concentrations of Pb, As, Cd, and Hg and were considered rich sources of micronutrients, particularly of Fe, Zn, Se, and Cr in the muscle, Cu and Mo in the liver, and Se in the kidney. Information about the levels of micronutrients and toxic elements in animal production systems, such as pasture-based systems, can support strategies that promote sustainable farming and environmental, animal, and human health.

Inadequate management of pasture soils in the Amazon has resulted in a predominance of degraded pastures. Considering the natural characteristics of this region can favor more appropriate strategies for sustainability, the objective of this study was to evaluate the differences in the chemical and physical attributes of pasture and forest soils in the Southern Amazon and to identify the most sensitive attributes of their fertility. Additionally, this study suggests appropriate management practices for sustainable pastures. Soil samples from the 0 to 0.20 m layer were analyzed to determine pH, exchangeable bases (calcium, magnesium, and potassium), exchangeable aluminum, potential acidity, phosphorus, organic carbon, bulk density, and texture. Pasture soils had a higher pH, calcium content, and bulk density than forest soils. However, the pasture soils had lower phosphorus and organic matter content. The soil organic carbon stocks were also lower in pasture soils, with levels 0.8 to 12 Mg ha^-1 lower than in forest soils. The fertility attributes most sensitive to soil management in these pastures were phosphorus, pH, organic carbon, and bulk density. The lack of nutrients and soil and water conservation practices have contributed to the degradation of these pastures. Therefore, the recommended management for these pastures should aim to improve the organic matter content, reduce compaction, and replenish and cycle nutrients.

Brazil nut is one of the most important species of the Amazon due to its socioeconomic importance. Especially in homogeneous production systems, it may be susceptible to damage by wood-boring insects, as by the subfamily Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae); thus, inadequate management conditions can cause economic damage. Therefore, the objective of the present work is to evaluate the occurrence of wood-boring insects (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in native and homogeneous systems of Brazil nut in the Meridional Amazonian, Brazil. The study was conducted in three environments: Brazil Nut Native Anthropized, Homogeneous Brazil Nut and Brazil Nut Native Preserved. Twelve ethanol (96° GL) traps were installed in each environment during four sampling periods. The data were submitted to entomofaunistic analysis, Pearson´s correlation analysis and cluster analysis. A total of 2,243 individuals from 31 species were sampled, of which 23 were from the Brazil Nut Native Anthropized nut, 24 from the Homogeneous Brazil Nut and 26 from the Brazil Nut Native Preserved. Some species are restricted to a specific environment, such asCorthylocurus vernaculusWood & Bright, 1992 andXyleborus biconicusEggers, 1928, in relation to Brazil Nut Native Anthropized,Xyleborus tolimanusEggers, 1928 that occurred only in Homogeneous Brazil Nut andCorthylus antennariusSchedl andHypothenus bolivianusWood & Bright, 1992 verified only in Brazil Nut Native Preserved. In the faunistic analysis, we highlight the speciesXyleborus affinis(Eichhoff, 1868), which was the most representative one in the three environments and a super-dominant species in all four sampling periods. Among the species considered indicator due to their high representativeness in the sampling, onlyPremnobius cavipennisEichhoff, 1878 showed a significant negative correlation between its abundance and the minimum temperature for environments Homogeneous Brazil Nut and Brazil Nut Native Preserved. There was a greater similarity between the Brazil Nut Native Anthropized and the Brazil Nut Native Preserved; these two environments showed dissimilarity with the Homogeneous Brazil Nut. Monitoring wood-boring insects in Brazil nut agroecosystems is fundamental for the establishment of integrated pest management strategies.

Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a aplicação de doses crescentes (0, 10, 21 e 84 Mg de MS ha-1) de resíduo ruminal bovino (RRB) seco (90,00% MS) ou úmido (7,16% MS) com teor de nitrogênio (N) de 1,43% na MS estimando-se que apenas 33% de N do RRB seriam disponibilizados para atender à exigência da Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraés de 0, 50, 100 e 400 kg N ha-1 sobre a fertilidade de Latossolo Vermelho distrófico (pHágua; complexo sortivo; P, N e matéria orgânica) após 30 dias da adubação orgânica e sobre a produção de biomassa (BIO) seca, altura, teores de nitrogênio (N) e proteína bruta (PB) após 60 e 120 dias de cultivo do capim Xaraés. Foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em fatorial 4 x 2 (quatro doses de adubação de RRB e duas condições de matéria seca do RRB) com três repetições. A aplicação de doses crescentes de RRB seco ou úmido aumentou de forma linear (p < 0,05), os teores de N, P, K+ e matéria orgânica do solo. As diferentes doses de RRB seco ou úmido aumentaram linearmente (p < 0,05) a BIO seca, os teores de N e PB do capim Xaraés após 60 dias de cultivo, embora se tenha observado comportamento quadrático (p < 0,05) para os teores de N e PB do capim Xaraés após 120 dias de cultivo. Desta maneira, a Urochloa brizantha cv. Xaraés apresenta maior produção de BIO seca, independente da época de corte e da condição de MS do RRB no momento da aplicação.