Technical and methodological enhancement of hazards and disaster research is identified as a critical question in disaster management. Artificial intelligence (AI) applications, such as tracking and mapping, geospatial analysis, remote sensing techniques, robotics, drone technology, machine learning, telecom and network services, accident and hot spot analysis, smart city urban planning, transportation planning, and environmental impact analysis, are the technological components of societal change, having significant implications for research on the societal response to hazards and disasters. Social science researchers have used various technologies and methods to examine hazards and disasters through disciplinary, multidisciplinary, and interdisciplinary lenses. They have employed both quantitative and qualitative data collection and data analysis strategies. This study provides an overview of the current applications of AI in disaster management during its four phases and how AI is vital to all disaster management phases, leading to a faster, more concise, equipped response. Integrating a geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) into disaster management enables higher planning, analysis, situational awareness, and recovery operations. GIS and RS are commonly recognized as key support tools for disaster management. Visualization capabilities, satellite images, and artificial intelligence analysis can assist governments in making quick decisions after natural disasters.

The world has faced many disasters in recent years, but flood impacts have gained immense importance and attention due to their adverse effects. More than half of global flood destruction and damages occur in the Asia region, which causes losses of life, damage infrastructure, and creates panic conditions among the communities. To provide a better understanding of flood hazard management, flood vulnerability assessment is the primary objective. In this case, vulnerability is the central construct in flood analysis and assessment. Many researchers have defined different approaches and methods to understand vulnerability assessment and how geographic information systems assess the flood vulnerability and their associated risk. Geographic information systems track and predict the disaster trend and mitigate the risk and damages. This study systematically reviews the methodologies used to measure floods and their vulnerabilities by integrating geographic information system. Articles on flood vulnerability from 2010 to 2020 were selected and reviewed. Through the systematic review methodology of five research engines, the researchers discovered a difference in flood vulnerability assessment tools and techniques that can be bridged by integrating high-resolution data with a multidimensional vulnerability methodology. The study reviewed several vulnerability components and directly examined the shortcomings in flood vulnerability approaches at different levels. The research contributed that the indicator-based approach gives a better understanding of vulnerability assessment. The geographic information system provides an effective environment for mapping and precise analysis to mitigate the flood disaster.

Flooding is one of the most frequent and devastating disasters affecting countries worldwide, and Malaysia is particularly vulnerable due to its tropical climate and extensive river systems. In Malaysia, floods can be categorised into monsoon floods and flash floods [1]. The country’s vulnerability is heightened by heavy monsoon rains, typhoons, and seasonal storms, which often […]

Objective: Disaster management strategies often emphasize technical and structural solutions, overlooking the sociocultural factors that shape community resilience and disaster response. In Malaysia, a multiethnic and multireligious country frequently affected by floods and monsoon storms, cultural beliefs, social networks, and traditional practices play a pivotal role in shaping disaster preparedness and recovery. This study examines how religious beliefs, community cohesion, gender roles, and traditional knowledge influence disaster management in Malaysia. Methods: A qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews with 15 stakeholders from diverse ethnic, religious, and social backgrounds. Participants, represented various religious groups and geographic areas. Their roles included local leaders, government officials, NGO workers, and community members, providing insights into how sociocultural factors influence disaster response and policy. Results: Religious beliefs serve as both a source of resilience and a potential barrier, shaping community attitudes toward disaster preparedness. Community cohesion, particularly through gotong-royong (mutual aid), plays a crucial role in mobilizing resources and support, though it often excludes marginalized groups. Gender roles significantly influence disaster response, with women taking on caregiving responsibilities yet remaining underrepresented in decision-making processes. Traditional knowledge remains valuable, particularly in rural communities, but faces challenges as younger generations increasingly rely on modern technologies. Conclusions: This study highlights the need for culturally sensitive, gender-inclusive, and community-driven disaster management policies in Malaysia.Integrating sociocultural dimensions into formal frameworks can foster more adaptive and inclusive strategies. Enhancing community participation and gender inclusivity will be key to improving disaster resilience in Malaysia.

Flooding is the most common natural disaster in Malaysia, resulting in chaos and disruptions to social and economic activities, damage to roads and railway tracks, vehicles, affecting the level of properties, loss of life, and rise in vulnerability. In addition to natural causes, floods are mainly attributed to continuous heavy rainfall, rapid development, unplanned urbanization, poor drainage system, and environmental degradation. This annual occurrence of floods has given a big impact on the lives of humans and other living beings. Due to the negative effects of floods, we need to pay serious attention and take alternative ways to reduce this disaster. This study aimed to investigate the vulnerability factors and understand the concept of vulnerability and resilience to manage floods in Sarawak. The researcher primarily focused on reviewing the printed and documented material of disasters in order to find the vulnerability factors. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that nature, human, and governance factors, contributed mostly to floods. The present study shows that vulnerability reduction along with emergency preparedness can reduce flood damages and fatalities. The innovative technologies must have to be considered to reduce vulnerability and build resilience for sustainable disaster risk reduction.

In the field of disaster management, it is imperative to recognize the progress made in the study of natural disasters, particularly in terms of methodology and technology. Artificial intelligence is being utilized in various fields and industries. The field of study includes various disciplines such as geospatial analysis, robotics, technology for drones, machine learning, telecommunications and network services, remote sensing, and environmental impact assessment. The incorporation of technology across various sectors is essential for accelerating societal change. Recent technological advancements have greatly influenced studying societal responses to risks and catastrophes. Researchers in the social sciences have utilized various methodologies and approaches to study natural disasters from the viewpoints of their specific disciplines, as well as transdisciplinary and interdisciplinary domains. The researchers used quantitative and qualitative methodologies for data collection and analysis. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the various applications of AI currently utilized throughout different stages of disaster management. The statement above highlights the substantial influence of AI in different fields, emphasizing its ability to provide quick and efficient responses characterized by increased speed, precision, and readiness. Utilizing remote sensing and geographic information systems in disaster management improves planning and analysis capabilities, facilitates situational awareness, and accelerates recovery efforts. There is a widely accepted agreement among individuals regarding the significant importance of GIS and RS in managing emergencies. In mitigating the impacts of natural disasters, governmental entities can enhance the efficiency of decision-Making by employing visualization tools, satellite imagery, and AI analyses.