BACKGROUND: Opioids play an important role in peri-operative pain management. However, opioid use is challenging for healthcare practitioners and patients because of concerns related to opioid crises, addiction and side effects. OBJECTIVE: This review aimed to identify and synthesise the existing evidence related to adults’ experiences of opioid use in postoperative pain management. DESIGN: Systematic scoping review of qualitative studies. Inductive content analysis and the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) were applied to analyse and report the findings and to identify unexplored gaps in the literature. DATA SOURCES: Ovid MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Embase, CINAHL (EBSCO), Cochrane Library and Google Scholar. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: All qualitative and mixed-method studies, in English, that not only used a qualitative approach that explored adults’ opinions or concerns about opioids and/or opioid reduction, and adults’ experience related to opioid use for postoperative pain control, including satisfaction, but also aspects of overall quality of a person's life (physical, mental and social well being). RESULTS: Ten studies were included; nine were qualitative (n = 9) and one used mixed methods. The studies were primarily conducted in Europe and North America. Concerns about opioid dependence, adverse effects, stigmatisation, gender roles, trust and shared decision-making between clinicians and patients appeared repeatedly throughout the studies. The TDF analysis showed that many peri-operative factors formed people's perceptions and experiences of opioids, driven by the following eight domains: Knowledge, Emotion, Beliefs about consequences, Beliefs about capabilities, Self-confidence, Environmental Context and Resources, Social influences and Decision Processes/Goals. Adults have diverse pain management goals, which can be categorised as proactive and positive goals, such as individualised pain management care, as well as avoidance goals, aimed at sidestepping issues such as addiction and opioid-related side effects. CONCLUSION: It is desirable to understand the complexity of adults’ experiences of pain management especially with opioid use and to support adults in achieving their pain management goals by implementing an individualised approach, effective communication and patient–clinician relationships. However, there is a dearth of studies that examine patients’ experiences of postoperative opioid use and their involvement in opioid usage decision-making. A summary is provided regarding adults’ experiences of peri-operative opioid use, which may inform future researchers, healthcare providers and guideline development by considering these factors when improving patient care and experiences.

Introduction: Parental presence during induction of anesthesia (PPIA) has a potential positive impact on the pediatric patient, parents, and anesthesia staff. Several studies have explored the effectiveness of PPIA. However, there are no recent studies that explore the anesthesia staff's views, experiences, and challenges toward PPIA. The aim of this study was to discover the views, experiences, and challenges of anesthetists and anesthesia technologists regarding PPIA within a hospital in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This study followed a mixed-method design with a qualitative descriptive approach. A methodologic triangulation of data collection, comprising phase one, quantitative Likert-scale questionnaires, and phase two, qualitative semi-structured interviews. Thirteen anesthetic practitioners were recruited in the questionnaire phase, and then six anesthetic practitioners participated in the interviews. The quantitative data set was analyzed using Microsoft Excel and results are given using descriptive statistics. The qualitative data set used thematic analysis and results are given using themes and participants' quotes. Results: The data analysis identified representative themes and revealed no major differences in the opinions and experiences of anesthetists and anesthesia technologists on PPIA support. Based on the anesthesia staff's experiences, they believed in PPIA benefits, such as reduction in sedation use, minimizing the child's anxiety, and enhanced level of cooperation with the staff. Several points were raised indicating that there were challenges of PPIA with anxious parents and hospital policy being the main concern. Conclusion: The study provides evidence from anesthetic practitioners that PPIA is seen in a positive light within the Saudi hospital. The study's findings support further research to improve pediatric anesthesia practice, including a review of the hospital guidelines and policy.

Acute pain is a significant clinical challenge in primary and secondary care. If inadequately managed, acute pain is a major risk factor for the development of chronic postsurgical pain and persistent postoperative opioid use. In this perspective article, we offer the authors’ viewpoints informed by selective literature with the aim of helping identify avenues to improve the quality and safety of acute pain management. Current evidence in the quality and safety of pain management shows that the role of primary care staff in education, follow-up, and tapering remains largely unaddressed, while patient perspectives and experiences reveal gaps in communication, stigma, and trust. Screening tools, guidelines, and strategies to reduce variations in the prescription and use of opioids remain inconsistently developed. In conclusion, if pain is multifaceted and should be approached in a multidisciplinary way, strong integration between primary and secondary care is essential. Communication with primary care, tapering, or referral should be facilitated. Patient experience should receive more attention, and future studies should focus on implementing guidelines and multidisciplinary guidance, as well as providing continuous feedback to clinicians on their practice and outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: To identify and examine the available studies regarding adult perceptions and experiences of postoperative opioid pain management. INTRODUCTION: The opioid crisis has been acknowledged as a significant clinical and social problem in many countries. Opioids are often initiated after surgery and may be continued on hospital discharge. There is no consensus on the optimal strategy for integrating patients’ views in postoperative opioid prescribing. The aim of this review is to explore the literature on adults’ experiences with postoperative opioid pain management. INCLUSION CRITERIA: This review will consider all qualitative studies and mixed-method studies with qualitative approaches that explored adults’ opinions or concerns on opioids and/or opioid reduction, and adults’ satisfaction with pain control in this context. Participants in the studies should be adults who had undertaken any type of surgery and have had opioid prescriptions for pain management. METHODS: This scoping review will be carried out in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology and will utilise the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) reporting guideline and checklist. Searches will be conducted in Ovid MEDLINE, PsycInfo, EMBASE and CINAHL (EBSCO). Studies published in the English language will be included with no time limit. The screening and selection of studies will be carried out independently by three reviewers. Then data extraction process will be conducted by the main reviewer and the reviewer's supervisors independently. A descriptive qualitative content analysis will be utilised for data synthesis. The final report will contain a methodological quality assessment, with the findings being presented, including the knowledge gaps and recommendations for research.