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In this study, the physiological response of a sensitive lichen species (Evernia prunastri) exposed for three months in a complex urban area (Milan, Italy) was evaluated in order to verify if the air pollution abatement measures adopted over the years resulted in a suitable air quality for the survival of this sensitive species. Parameters investigated rely on the photosynthetic activity of the photobiont (Fv/Fm, PIabs, and OJIP curves), damage to mycobiont (membrane damage and antiradical activity), and the production of secondary metabolites involved in the protective functions of the organisms. Results showed that although air quality in Milan still suffers from heavy pollution from PM and NOx, the overall situation is not as severe as to induce the death of this sensitive biomonitor, at least in the short term. Nevertheless, the vital status of the samples exposed in the study area showed a significant impairment compared to that of samples exposed in a control area, indicating that the current air quality in Milan still prevents the optimal survival of E. prunastri.
Tania Contardo; Stefano Gazzotti; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Andrea Vannini; Stefano Loppi. Biological Effects of Air Pollution on Sensitive Bioindicators: A Case Study from Milan, Italy. Urban Science 2021, 5, 64 .
AMA StyleTania Contardo, Stefano Gazzotti, Marco Aldo Ortenzi, Andrea Vannini, Stefano Loppi. Biological Effects of Air Pollution on Sensitive Bioindicators: A Case Study from Milan, Italy. Urban Science. 2021; 5 (3):64.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTania Contardo; Stefano Gazzotti; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Andrea Vannini; Stefano Loppi. 2021. "Biological Effects of Air Pollution on Sensitive Bioindicators: A Case Study from Milan, Italy." Urban Science 5, no. 3: 64.
Atmospheric pollutants, such as NOx, SO2, and particulate matter, together with water percolation inside the stone pores, represent the main causes of cultural heritage decay. In order to avoid these undesired phenomena, the application of protective coatings represents a reliable solution. In this context, the present study focused on the synthesis of low-fluorine content methacrylic-based (MMA) polymeric resins characterized by seven F atoms (namely F7 monomer) in the lateral chains. Four different percentages (1.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0%) of the present monomer were adopted to obtain a final polymeric structure showing the desired hydrophobicity, processability, and structural and thermal stability (even after accelerated UV aging tests). MMA_F7(1.0) seemed to be the optimal one; therefore, it was further applied onto Candoglia marble. Specifically, the treated substrates showed good surface hydrophobicity, water repellency, and water vapor transpirability. No color variation was observed even after a 1.5-year exposure in a real polluted environment (Monza Cathedral). Interestingly, the application of this coating hindered the atmospheric nitrates penetration inside the stones and, at the same time, it limited the sulfates (gypsum) formation, thus revealing a very promising marbles protection resin.
Eleonora Pargoletti; Valeria Comite; Paola Fermo; Valentina Sabatini; Luisa Annunziata; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Hermes Farina; Giuseppe Cappelletti. Calcitic-based stones protection by a low-fluorine modified methacrylic coating. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -12.
AMA StyleEleonora Pargoletti, Valeria Comite, Paola Fermo, Valentina Sabatini, Luisa Annunziata, Marco Aldo Ortenzi, Hermes Farina, Giuseppe Cappelletti. Calcitic-based stones protection by a low-fluorine modified methacrylic coating. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEleonora Pargoletti; Valeria Comite; Paola Fermo; Valentina Sabatini; Luisa Annunziata; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Hermes Farina; Giuseppe Cappelletti. 2021. "Calcitic-based stones protection by a low-fluorine modified methacrylic coating." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-12.
The synthesis of highly concentrated aqueous silver nanoparticles (NPs), exploiting different types of polymeric stabilizing agents, has been extensively investigated, especially for the stabilization of spherical yellow nanoparticles. In this context, here, a successful and easy wet chemical method was adopted to synthesize concentrated primary colored (yellow, red, blue and green) sols. The influence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in affecting the final stability was finely investigating via UV/Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, TEM and colorimetric analysis. The next step consisted on the deposition of obtained sols onto a crown-treated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) support to obtain transparent colored micrometric homogeneous films. The fabricated PVP-based Ag films were revealed to be outstandingly UV-stable, contrarily to PVA-based films, probably due to the degradation of the polymer itself. Indeed, after UV aging tests, the PVA macromolecules could be broken and chemically modified (demonstrated by FT-IR analyses). This resulted in there being insufficient macromolecules to efficiently cover the surface of the nanoparticles, meaning that the nanoparticles tended to aggregate with each other, destabilizing the system itself. Hence, the obtained colored films described herein could represent a promising tool for different applications, from color shifting to optoelectronic devices.
Eleonora Pargoletti; Marco Ortenzi; Giuseppe Cappelletti. Stable Coloured Micrometric Films from Highly Concentrated Nano-Silver Sols: The Role of the Stabilizing Agents. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 980 .
AMA StyleEleonora Pargoletti, Marco Ortenzi, Giuseppe Cappelletti. Stable Coloured Micrometric Films from Highly Concentrated Nano-Silver Sols: The Role of the Stabilizing Agents. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11 (4):980.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEleonora Pargoletti; Marco Ortenzi; Giuseppe Cappelletti. 2021. "Stable Coloured Micrometric Films from Highly Concentrated Nano-Silver Sols: The Role of the Stabilizing Agents." Nanomaterials 11, no. 4: 980.
Despite the poor photochemical stability of capsules walls, polyacrylate is one of the most successful polymers for microencapsulation. To improve polyacrylate performance, the combined use of different acrylate-based polymers could be exploited. Herein butyl methacrylate (BUMA)-based lattices were obtained via free radical polymerization in water by adding (i) methacrylic acid (MA)/methyl methacrylate (MMA) and (ii) methacrylamide (MAC) respectively, as an aqueous phase in Pickering emulsions, thanks to both the excellent polymer shells’ stability and the high encapsulation efficiency. A series of BUMA_MA_MMA terpolymers with complex macromolecular structures and BUMA_MAC linear copolymers were synthesized and used as dispersing media of an active material. Rate and yield of encapsulation, active substance adsorption onto the polymer wall, capsule morphology, shelf-life and controlled release were investigated. The effectiveness of the prepared BUMA-based microcapsules was demonstrated: BUMA-based terpolymers together with the modified ones (BUMA_MAC) led to slow (within ca. 60 h) and fast (in around 10 h) releasing microcapsules, respectively.
Valentina Sabatini; Laura Pellicano; Hermes Farina; Eleonora Pargoletti; Luisa Annunziata; Marco Ortenzi; Alessandro Stori; Giuseppe Cappelletti. Design of New Polyacrylate Microcapsules to Modify the Water-Soluble Active Substances Release. Polymers 2021, 13, 809 .
AMA StyleValentina Sabatini, Laura Pellicano, Hermes Farina, Eleonora Pargoletti, Luisa Annunziata, Marco Ortenzi, Alessandro Stori, Giuseppe Cappelletti. Design of New Polyacrylate Microcapsules to Modify the Water-Soluble Active Substances Release. Polymers. 2021; 13 (5):809.
Chicago/Turabian StyleValentina Sabatini; Laura Pellicano; Hermes Farina; Eleonora Pargoletti; Luisa Annunziata; Marco Ortenzi; Alessandro Stori; Giuseppe Cappelletti. 2021. "Design of New Polyacrylate Microcapsules to Modify the Water-Soluble Active Substances Release." Polymers 13, no. 5: 809.
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) plays a key role in the field of electrically conducting materials, despite its poor solubility and processability. Various molecules and polymers carrying sulfonic groups can be used to enhance PEDOT’s electrical conductivity. Among all, sulfonated polyarylether sulfone (SPAES), prepared via homogenous synthesis with controlled degree of sulfonation (DS), is a very promising PEDOT doping agent. In this work, PEDOT was synthesized via high-concentration solvent-based emulsion polymerization using 1% w/w of SPAES with different DS as dopant. It was found that the PEDOT:SPAESs obtained have improved solubility in the chosen reaction solvents, i.e., N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and, for the first time, the role of doping agent, DS and polymerization solvents were investigated analyzing the electrical properties of SPAESs and PEDOT:SPAES samples and studying the different morphology of PEDOT-based thin films. High DS of SPAES, i.e., 2.4 meq R-SO3 − × g−1 of polymer, proved crucial in enhancing PEDOT’s electrical conductivity. Furthermore, the DMSO capability to favor PEDOT and SPAES chains rearrangement and interaction results in the formation of a polymer film with more homogenous morphology and higher conductivity than the ones prepared from DMAc, DMF, and NMP.
Daniela Tomasino; Mario Wolf; Hermes Farina; Gianluca Chiarello; Armin Feldhoff; Marco Ortenzi; Valentina Sabatini. Role of Doping Agent Degree of Sulfonation and Casting Solvent on the Electrical Conductivity and Morphology of PEDOT:SPAES Thin Films. Polymers 2021, 13, 658 .
AMA StyleDaniela Tomasino, Mario Wolf, Hermes Farina, Gianluca Chiarello, Armin Feldhoff, Marco Ortenzi, Valentina Sabatini. Role of Doping Agent Degree of Sulfonation and Casting Solvent on the Electrical Conductivity and Morphology of PEDOT:SPAES Thin Films. Polymers. 2021; 13 (4):658.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniela Tomasino; Mario Wolf; Hermes Farina; Gianluca Chiarello; Armin Feldhoff; Marco Ortenzi; Valentina Sabatini. 2021. "Role of Doping Agent Degree of Sulfonation and Casting Solvent on the Electrical Conductivity and Morphology of PEDOT:SPAES Thin Films." Polymers 13, no. 4: 658.
An optical active microrheology technique, capable of high forces, is proposed for yield stress measurements.
Valerio Vitali; Giovanni Nava; Andrea Corno; Melissa Pezzotti; Francesca Bragheri; Petra Paiè; Roberto Osellame; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Ilaria Cristiani; Paolo Minzioni; Tommaso Bellini; Giuliano Zanchetta. Yield stress “in a flash”: investigation of nonlinearity and yielding in soft materials with an optofluidic microrheometer. Soft Matter 2021, 17, 3105 -3112.
AMA StyleValerio Vitali, Giovanni Nava, Andrea Corno, Melissa Pezzotti, Francesca Bragheri, Petra Paiè, Roberto Osellame, Marco Aldo Ortenzi, Ilaria Cristiani, Paolo Minzioni, Tommaso Bellini, Giuliano Zanchetta. Yield stress “in a flash”: investigation of nonlinearity and yielding in soft materials with an optofluidic microrheometer. Soft Matter. 2021; 17 (11):3105-3112.
Chicago/Turabian StyleValerio Vitali; Giovanni Nava; Andrea Corno; Melissa Pezzotti; Francesca Bragheri; Petra Paiè; Roberto Osellame; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Ilaria Cristiani; Paolo Minzioni; Tommaso Bellini; Giuliano Zanchetta. 2021. "Yield stress “in a flash”: investigation of nonlinearity and yielding in soft materials with an optofluidic microrheometer." Soft Matter 17, no. 11: 3105-3112.
Among bioactive phytochemicals, ellagic acid (EA) is one of the most controversial because its high antioxidant and cancer-preventing effects are strongly inhibited by low gastrointestinal absorption and rapid excretion. Strategies toward an increase of solubility in water and bioavailability, while preserving its structural integrity and warranting its controlled release at the physiological targets, are therefore largely pursued. In this work, EA lysine salt at 1:4 molar ratio (EALYS), exhibiting a more than 400 times increase of water solubility with respect to literature reports, was incorporated at 10% in low methoxylated (LM) and high methoxylated (HM) pectin films. The release of EA in PBS at pH 7.4 from both film preparations was comparable and reached 15% of the loaded compound over 2 h. Under simulated gastric conditions, release of EA from HM and LM pectin films was minimal at gastric pH, whereas higher concentrations—up to 300 μM, corresponding to ca. 50% of the overall content—were obtained in the case of the HM pectin film after 2 h incubation at the slightly alkaline pH of small intestine environment, with the enzyme and bile salt components enhancing the release. EALYS pectin films showed a good prebiotic activity as evaluated by determination of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels following microbial fermentation, with a low but significant increase of the effects produced by the pectins themselves. Overall, these results highlight pectin films loaded with EALYS salt as a promising formulation to improve administration and controlled release of the compound.
Marco Ortenzi; Stefano Antenucci; Stefania Marzorati; Lucia Panzella; Silvia Molino; José Rufián-Henares; Alessandra Napolitano; Luisella Verotta. Pectin-Based Formulations for Controlled Release of an Ellagic Acid Salt with High Solubility Profile in Physiological Media. Molecules 2021, 26, 433 .
AMA StyleMarco Ortenzi, Stefano Antenucci, Stefania Marzorati, Lucia Panzella, Silvia Molino, José Rufián-Henares, Alessandra Napolitano, Luisella Verotta. Pectin-Based Formulations for Controlled Release of an Ellagic Acid Salt with High Solubility Profile in Physiological Media. Molecules. 2021; 26 (2):433.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Ortenzi; Stefano Antenucci; Stefania Marzorati; Lucia Panzella; Silvia Molino; José Rufián-Henares; Alessandra Napolitano; Luisella Verotta. 2021. "Pectin-Based Formulations for Controlled Release of an Ellagic Acid Salt with High Solubility Profile in Physiological Media." Molecules 26, no. 2: 433.
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is one of the main plastic polymers contaminating natural ecosystems. Although PET microplastics (PET-MPs) have been found in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, the information concerning their potential toxicity towards terrestrial organisms is limited. The present study aimed at investigating the ingestion and the possible adverse effects induced by a 40-days exposure to irregular shaped PET-MPs toward the giant snail Achatina reticulata. Giant snails were exposed via the diet to two concentrations (1% and 10% w/w; i.e., g of PET-MPs/g of the administered food) of PET-MPs and their capability to ingest and egest PET-MPs was assessed together with an evaluation of their potential effects at biochemical and individual levels. Oxidative stress-related biomarkers (i.e., the amount of reactive oxygen species, the activity of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation) and DNA fragmentation were measured in the digestive gland isolated from snails as biochemical endpoints. Changes in growth trajectories, in terms of body weight and shell size, were considered as morphometric endpoints. Our results demonstrated that A. reticulata can efficiently ingest and egest PET-MPs. Whilst giant snails did not experience an oxidative stress condition, significant changes in their growth trajectories were observed, with PET-MPs-treated snails grew more and more quickly than the control group. Our results suggest that PET-MPs might represent a risk during early-life stages for terrestrial organisms.
Beatrice De Felice; Roberto Ambrosini; Renato Bacchetta; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Marco Parolini. Dietary exposure to polyethylene terephthalate microplastics (PET-MPs) induces faster growth but not oxidative stress in the giant snail Achatina reticulata. Chemosphere 2020, 270, 129430 .
AMA StyleBeatrice De Felice, Roberto Ambrosini, Renato Bacchetta, Marco Aldo Ortenzi, Marco Parolini. Dietary exposure to polyethylene terephthalate microplastics (PET-MPs) induces faster growth but not oxidative stress in the giant snail Achatina reticulata. Chemosphere. 2020; 270 ():129430.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBeatrice De Felice; Roberto Ambrosini; Renato Bacchetta; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Marco Parolini. 2020. "Dietary exposure to polyethylene terephthalate microplastics (PET-MPs) induces faster growth but not oxidative stress in the giant snail Achatina reticulata." Chemosphere 270, no. : 129430.
The first example of solvent-free, organocatalyzed, polymerization of 1,3-dioxolan-4-ones, used as easily accessible monomers for the synthesis of polylactic acid (PLA), is described here. An optimization of reaction conditions was carried out, with p-toluensulfonic acid emerging as the most efficient Brønsted acid catalyst. The reactivity of the monomers in the tested conditions was studied following the monomer conversion by 1H NMR and the molecular weight growth by SEC analysis. A double activation polymerization mechanism was proposed, pointing out the key role of the acid catalyst. The formation of acetal bridges was demonstrated, to different extents depending on the nature of the aldehyde or ketone employed for lactic acid protection. The polymer shows complete retention of stereochemistry, as well as good thermal properties and good polydispersity, albeit modest molecular weight.
Stefano Gazzotti; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Hermes Farina; Alessandra Silvani. 1,3-Dioxolan-4-Ones as Promising Monomers for Aliphatic Polyesters: Metal-Free, in Bulk Preparation of PLA. Polymers 2020, 12, 2396 .
AMA StyleStefano Gazzotti, Marco Aldo Ortenzi, Hermes Farina, Alessandra Silvani. 1,3-Dioxolan-4-Ones as Promising Monomers for Aliphatic Polyesters: Metal-Free, in Bulk Preparation of PLA. Polymers. 2020; 12 (10):2396.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStefano Gazzotti; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Hermes Farina; Alessandra Silvani. 2020. "1,3-Dioxolan-4-Ones as Promising Monomers for Aliphatic Polyesters: Metal-Free, in Bulk Preparation of PLA." Polymers 12, no. 10: 2396.
The paper entitled “Mucoadhesive Budesonide Formulation for the Treatment of Eosinophilic Esophagitis Pharmaceutics 2020, 12, 211” discusses the physicochemical and technological characterization of a formulation to treat eosinophilic esophagitis
Antonella Casiraghi; Chiara Grazia Gennari; Umberto Maria Musazzi; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Susanna Bordignon; Paola Minghetti. Reply to “Comment on Casiraghi et al. ‘Mucoadhesive Budesonide Formulation for the Treatment of Eosinophilic Esophagitis’ 2020, 12, 211”. Pharmaceutics 2020, 12, 822 .
AMA StyleAntonella Casiraghi, Chiara Grazia Gennari, Umberto Maria Musazzi, Marco Aldo Ortenzi, Susanna Bordignon, Paola Minghetti. Reply to “Comment on Casiraghi et al. ‘Mucoadhesive Budesonide Formulation for the Treatment of Eosinophilic Esophagitis’ 2020, 12, 211”. Pharmaceutics. 2020; 12 (9):822.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonella Casiraghi; Chiara Grazia Gennari; Umberto Maria Musazzi; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Susanna Bordignon; Paola Minghetti. 2020. "Reply to “Comment on Casiraghi et al. ‘Mucoadhesive Budesonide Formulation for the Treatment of Eosinophilic Esophagitis’ 2020, 12, 211”." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 9: 822.
1,3-Dioxolan-4-one (DOX) chemistry was exploited for the synthesis of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based copolymers. A new DOX monomer, bearing the naturally occurring carvacrol (CarvDOX) as a pendant, was synthesized and used as a model for the optimization of DOX-l-lactide, solvent-free, copolymerization reactions. A screening of conditions was carried out to find out the best catalytic system for both comonomers at the same time, as well as to maximize the growth of the molecular weight. The optimized copolymerization conditions were then applied to a second DOX derivative (CardDOX), bearing the naturally occurring 3-pentacylphenol (cardanol), as an appendage. Various copolymers between l-lactide and different amounts of CarvDOX or CardDOX were prepared and characterized through NMR and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), also assessing their thermal properties via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). To exploit the potential use of such copolymers as functional additives in poly(lactic acid) (PLA), they were blended via solvent mixing with commercial PLA and the melt viscosity properties of the resulting blends were investigated through frequency sweep experiments.
Stefano Gazzotti; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Hermes Farina; Mariapina Disimino; Alessandra Silvani. Carvacrol- and Cardanol-Containing 1,3-Dioxolan-4-ones as Comonomers for the Synthesis of Functional Polylactide-Based Materials. Macromolecules 2020, 53, 6420 -6431.
AMA StyleStefano Gazzotti, Marco Aldo Ortenzi, Hermes Farina, Mariapina Disimino, Alessandra Silvani. Carvacrol- and Cardanol-Containing 1,3-Dioxolan-4-ones as Comonomers for the Synthesis of Functional Polylactide-Based Materials. Macromolecules. 2020; 53 (15):6420-6431.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStefano Gazzotti; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Hermes Farina; Mariapina Disimino; Alessandra Silvani. 2020. "Carvacrol- and Cardanol-Containing 1,3-Dioxolan-4-ones as Comonomers for the Synthesis of Functional Polylactide-Based Materials." Macromolecules 53, no. 15: 6420-6431.
Polylactide (PLA)-based polymers, functionalized with biobased antioxidants, were synthesized, to develop an intrinsically active, biobased and potentially biodegradable material for food packaging applications. To achieve this result, phenolic antioxidants were exploited as initiators in the ring opening polymerization of l-lactide. The molecular weight, thermal properties and in vitro radical scavenging activity of the polymers obtained were compared with the ones of a PLA Natureworks 4043D, commonly used for flexible food packaging applications. The most promising synthesized polymer, bearing vanillyl alcohol as initiator (PLA-VA), was evaluated for active food packaging applications. Packaging with PLA-VA films reduced color and fat oxidation of salami during its shelf life.
Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Stefano Gazzotti; Begonya Marcos; Stefano Antenucci; Stefano Camazzola; Luciano Piergiovanni; Hermes Farina; Giuseppe Di Silvestro; Luisella Verotta. Synthesis of Polylactic Acid Initiated through Biobased Antioxidants: Towards Intrinsically Active Food Packaging. Polymers 2020, 12, 1183 .
AMA StyleMarco Aldo Ortenzi, Stefano Gazzotti, Begonya Marcos, Stefano Antenucci, Stefano Camazzola, Luciano Piergiovanni, Hermes Farina, Giuseppe Di Silvestro, Luisella Verotta. Synthesis of Polylactic Acid Initiated through Biobased Antioxidants: Towards Intrinsically Active Food Packaging. Polymers. 2020; 12 (5):1183.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Aldo Ortenzi; Stefano Gazzotti; Begonya Marcos; Stefano Antenucci; Stefano Camazzola; Luciano Piergiovanni; Hermes Farina; Giuseppe Di Silvestro; Luisella Verotta. 2020. "Synthesis of Polylactic Acid Initiated through Biobased Antioxidants: Towards Intrinsically Active Food Packaging." Polymers 12, no. 5: 1183.
In this work, three types of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were used: CNCSO3H extracted from wood pulp by sulfuric acid (H2SO4), CNCCOOH extracted from cotton linters by ammonium persulfate (APS) and CNCCOOR obtained by esterification of the previous two CNCCOOH and CNCSO3H. For a comparative assessment of gas barrier performance, plastic films such as PLA, PET, PE, PP, OPP and OPA were selected, coated with the three types of CNCs and finally laminated with a solvent-based polyurethanic adhesive. First, all dispersed CNCs were characterized by apparent hydrodynamic diameter and Z potential by means of dynamic light scattering (DLS) and electrophoretic light scattering (ELS) techniques, respectively, followed by the crystallinity index (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and evaluation of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), as well as the charges density. The surface chemistry of coated plastics (CNCs-P) was assessed by the Z potential through the electrokinetic technique (streaming potential method) and the optical contact angle (OCA). Lastly, laminated films (P-CNC-P) were evaluated by gas permeability measurements at 23 °C and 50–80% RH. It is worth noting that improvements between 90% and 100% of oxygen barrier were achieved after the lamination. This paper provides insights on the choice of cellulosic nanomaterials for the design and development of advanced and sustainable food packaging materials.
Ghislain Fotie; Stefano Gazzotti; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Luciano Piergiovanni. Implementation of High Gas Barrier Laminated Films Based on Cellulose Nanocrystals for Food Flexible Packaging. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 3201 .
AMA StyleGhislain Fotie, Stefano Gazzotti, Marco Aldo Ortenzi, Luciano Piergiovanni. Implementation of High Gas Barrier Laminated Films Based on Cellulose Nanocrystals for Food Flexible Packaging. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (9):3201.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGhislain Fotie; Stefano Gazzotti; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Luciano Piergiovanni. 2020. "Implementation of High Gas Barrier Laminated Films Based on Cellulose Nanocrystals for Food Flexible Packaging." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9: 3201.
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) is a chronic immune/antigen-mediated esophageal inflammatory disease for which off-label topical corticosteroids (e.g., budesonide) are widely used in clinic. In general, thickening excipients are mixed with industrial products to improve the residence time of the drug on the esophageal mucosa. The compounding procedures are empirical and the composition is not supported by real physicochemical and technological characterization. The current study aimed to propose a standardized budesonide oral formulation intended to improve the resistance time of the drug on the esophageal mucosa for EE treatment. Different placebo and drug-loaded (0.025% w/w) formulations were prepared by changing the percentage of xanthan gum alone or in ratio 1:1 with guar gum. Both excipients were added in the composition for their mucoadhesive properties. The formulative space was rationalized based on the drug physicochemical stability and the main critical quality attributes of the formulation, e.g., rheological properties, syringeability, mucoadhesiveness and in vitro penetration of budesonide in porcine esophageal tissue. The obtained results demonstrated that gums allowed a prolonged residence time. However, the concentration of the mucoadhesive polymer has to be rationalized appropriately to permit the syringeability of the formulation and, therefore, easy dosing by the patient/caregiver.
Antonella Casiraghi; Chiara Grazia Gennari; Umberto Maria Musazzi; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Susanna Bordignon; Paola Minghetti. Mucoadhesive Budesonide Formulation for the Treatment of Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Pharmaceutics 2020, 12, 211 .
AMA StyleAntonella Casiraghi, Chiara Grazia Gennari, Umberto Maria Musazzi, Marco Aldo Ortenzi, Susanna Bordignon, Paola Minghetti. Mucoadhesive Budesonide Formulation for the Treatment of Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Pharmaceutics. 2020; 12 (3):211.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonella Casiraghi; Chiara Grazia Gennari; Umberto Maria Musazzi; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Susanna Bordignon; Paola Minghetti. 2020. "Mucoadhesive Budesonide Formulation for the Treatment of Eosinophilic Esophagitis." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 3: 211.
Microplastic (MP) contamination represents a serious threat for marine organisms. Several lab studies demonstrated adverse effects induced by exposure to different MP polymers toward diverse marine species. However, the information regarding toxicity of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) MPs is largely unknown. The present study was aimed at investigating the adverse effects induced by 7-day exposure to two concentrations (0.125 or 12.5 µg/ml) micronized, irregular shaped and variable size PET microparticles (PET-MPs) toward Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum). Histological analyses were performed to assess tissue damage on digestive glands, gonads, gut and gills, whereas oxidative stress-related effects, including the concentration of pro-oxidant molecules, activity of antioxidant (superoxide dismutase – SOD, catalase – CAT and glutathione peroxidase – GPx) and detoxifying (glutathione S-transferase – GST) enzymes, as well as levels of lipid peroxidation, were determined in gills and digestive gland. Our results showed that clams ingest and egest micronized PET-MPs, but no marked histological alterations to bivalve tissues occurred. Although PET-MPs did not produce oxidative stress in the digestive gland, these materials significantly altered oxidative status of gills, leading to lipid peroxidation. No apparent clear indication of a weakness of bivalve health status was obtained in this study.
Marco Parolini; Beatrice DE Felice; Stefano Gazzotti; Luisa Annunziata; Michela Sugni; Renato Bacchetta; Marco Aldo Ortenzi. Oxidative stress-related effects induced by micronized polyethylene terephthalate microparticles in the Manila clam. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 2020, 83, 168 -179.
AMA StyleMarco Parolini, Beatrice DE Felice, Stefano Gazzotti, Luisa Annunziata, Michela Sugni, Renato Bacchetta, Marco Aldo Ortenzi. Oxidative stress-related effects induced by micronized polyethylene terephthalate microparticles in the Manila clam. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A. 2020; 83 (4):168-179.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarco Parolini; Beatrice DE Felice; Stefano Gazzotti; Luisa Annunziata; Michela Sugni; Renato Bacchetta; Marco Aldo Ortenzi. 2020. "Oxidative stress-related effects induced by micronized polyethylene terephthalate microparticles in the Manila clam." Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 83, no. 4: 168-179.
Polyamide 6 (PA6) suffers from fast degradation in humid conditions due to hydrolysis of amide bonds, which limits its durability. The addition of nanotubular fillers represents a viable strategy for overcoming this issue, although the additive/polymer interface at high filler content can become privileged site for moisture accumulation. As a cost-effective and versatile material, halloysite nanotubes (HNT) were investigated to prepare PA6 nanocomposites with very low loadings (1–45% w/w). The roles of the physicochemical properties of two differently sourced HNT, of filler functionalization with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane and of dispersion techniques (in situ polymerization vs. melt blending) were investigated. The aspect ratio (5 vs. 15) and surface charge (−31 vs. −59 mV) of the two HNT proved crucial in determining their distribution within the polymer matrix. In situ polymerization of functionalized HNT leads to enclosed and well-penetrated filler within the polymer matrix. PA6 nanocomposites crystal growth and nucleation type were studied according to Avrami theory, as well as the formation of different crystalline structures (α and γ forms). After 1680 h of ageing, functionalized HNT reduced the diffusion of water into polymer, lowering water uptake after 600 h up to 90%, increasing the materials durability also regarding molecular weights and rheological behavior.
Valentina Sabatini; Tommaso Taroni; Riccardo Rampazzo; Marco Bompieri; Daniela Maggioni; Daniela Meroni; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Silvia Ardizzone. PA6 and Halloysite Nanotubes Composites with Improved Hydrothermal Ageing Resistance: Role of Filler Physicochemical Properties, Functionalization and Dispersion Technique. Polymers 2020, 12, 211 .
AMA StyleValentina Sabatini, Tommaso Taroni, Riccardo Rampazzo, Marco Bompieri, Daniela Maggioni, Daniela Meroni, Marco Aldo Ortenzi, Silvia Ardizzone. PA6 and Halloysite Nanotubes Composites with Improved Hydrothermal Ageing Resistance: Role of Filler Physicochemical Properties, Functionalization and Dispersion Technique. Polymers. 2020; 12 (1):211.
Chicago/Turabian StyleValentina Sabatini; Tommaso Taroni; Riccardo Rampazzo; Marco Bompieri; Daniela Maggioni; Daniela Meroni; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Silvia Ardizzone. 2020. "PA6 and Halloysite Nanotubes Composites with Improved Hydrothermal Ageing Resistance: Role of Filler Physicochemical Properties, Functionalization and Dispersion Technique." Polymers 12, no. 1: 211.
In contrast to conventional approaches, which are considered to be energy- and time-intensive, expensive, and not green, herein, we report an alternative microwave-assisted ammonium persulfate (APS) method for cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) production, under pressurized conditions in a closed reaction system. The aim was to optimize the hydrolytic-oxidative patented procedure (US 8,900,706), replacing the conventional heating with a faster process that would allow the industrial scale production of the nanomaterial and make it more appealing to a green economy. A microwave-assisted process was performed according to different time–temperature programs, varying the ramp (from 5 to 40 min) and the hold heating time (from 60 to 90 min), at a fixed reagent concentration and weight ratio of the raw material/APS solution. Differences in composition, structure, and morphology of the nanocrystals, arising from traditional and microwave methods, were studied by several techniques (TEM, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)-attenuated total reflectance (ATR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), electrophoretic light scattering (ELS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD)), and the extraction yields were calculated. Fine tuning the microwave treatment variables, it was possible to realize a simple, cost-effective way for faster materials’ preparation, which allowed achieving high-quality CNCs, with a defined hydrodynamic diameter (150 nm) and zeta potential (−0.040 V), comparable to those obtained using conventional heating, in only 90 min instead of 16 h.
Luana Amoroso; Giuseppe Muratore; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Stefano Gazzotti; Sara Limbo; Luciano Piergiovanni. Fast Production of Cellulose Nanocrystals by Hydrolytic-Oxidative Microwave-Assisted Treatment. Polymers 2020, 12, 68 .
AMA StyleLuana Amoroso, Giuseppe Muratore, Marco Aldo Ortenzi, Stefano Gazzotti, Sara Limbo, Luciano Piergiovanni. Fast Production of Cellulose Nanocrystals by Hydrolytic-Oxidative Microwave-Assisted Treatment. Polymers. 2020; 12 (1):68.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuana Amoroso; Giuseppe Muratore; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Stefano Gazzotti; Sara Limbo; Luciano Piergiovanni. 2020. "Fast Production of Cellulose Nanocrystals by Hydrolytic-Oxidative Microwave-Assisted Treatment." Polymers 12, no. 1: 68.
Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) has been widely used as a disinfectant in drinking water in the past but its effects on water pipes have not been investigated deeply, mainly due to the difficult experimental set-up required to simulate real-life water pipe conditions. In the present paper, four different kinds of water pipes, two based on plastics, namely random polypropylene (PPR) and polyethylene of raised temperature (PERT/aluminum multilayer), and two made of metals, i.e., copper and galvanized steel, were put in a semi-closed system where ClO2 was dosed continuously. The semi-closed system allowed for the simulation of real ClO2 concentrations in common water distribution systems and to simulate the presence of pipes made with different materials from the source of water to the tap. Results show that ClO2 has a deep effect on all the materials tested (plastics and metals) and that severe damage occurs due to its strong oxidizing power in terms of surface chemical modification of metals and progressive cracking of plastics. These phenomena could in turn become an issue for the health and safety of drinking water due to progressive leakage of degraded products in the water.
Alberto Vertova; Alessandro Miani; Giordano Lesma; Sandra Rondinini; Alessandro Minguzzi; Luigi Falciola; Marco Aldo Ortenzi. Chlorine Dioxide Degradation Issues on Metal and Plastic Water Pipes Tested in Parallel in a Semi-Closed System. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 4582 .
AMA StyleAlberto Vertova, Alessandro Miani, Giordano Lesma, Sandra Rondinini, Alessandro Minguzzi, Luigi Falciola, Marco Aldo Ortenzi. Chlorine Dioxide Degradation Issues on Metal and Plastic Water Pipes Tested in Parallel in a Semi-Closed System. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (22):4582.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlberto Vertova; Alessandro Miani; Giordano Lesma; Sandra Rondinini; Alessandro Minguzzi; Luigi Falciola; Marco Aldo Ortenzi. 2019. "Chlorine Dioxide Degradation Issues on Metal and Plastic Water Pipes Tested in Parallel in a Semi-Closed System." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 22: 4582.
In this work, new co- and ter-polymers of methyl methacrylate (MMA), ethyl methacrylate (EMA), and N-butyl methacrylate (nBuMA), containing just 1% mol × mol−1 of a fluorinated co-monomer, 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-tridecafluoro-octyl methacrylate (POMA), were synthesized. After an UV accelerated aging test, the photo-chemical stability of the polymers prepared was determined by 1H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry and wettability measurements. The polymers were applied to Botticino tiles to achieve better performances in terms of water repellency and consequently deterioration resistance. One-year prolonged exposure to a real environment was conducted and the properties of the coated materials and their performances were studied using different surface techniques such as water contact angle (WCA) and colorimetric measurements (CIELaB), capillary absorption, permeability (RVP) tests and soluble salts determination. The effectiveness of the fluorinated methacrylic coatings was clearly demonstrated; among all the resins, the co-polymer MMA_POMA seems to be the most performing one. Furthermore, both the UV photo-chemical resistance and the easiness of removal was successfully studied.
Valentina Sabatini; Eleonora Pargoletti; Valeria Comite; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Paola Fermo; Davide Gulotta; Giuseppe Cappelletti. Towards Novel Fluorinated Methacrylic Coatings for Cultural Heritage: A Combined Polymers and Surfaces Chemistry Study. Polymers 2019, 11, 1190 .
AMA StyleValentina Sabatini, Eleonora Pargoletti, Valeria Comite, Marco Aldo Ortenzi, Paola Fermo, Davide Gulotta, Giuseppe Cappelletti. Towards Novel Fluorinated Methacrylic Coatings for Cultural Heritage: A Combined Polymers and Surfaces Chemistry Study. Polymers. 2019; 11 (7):1190.
Chicago/Turabian StyleValentina Sabatini; Eleonora Pargoletti; Valeria Comite; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Paola Fermo; Davide Gulotta; Giuseppe Cappelletti. 2019. "Towards Novel Fluorinated Methacrylic Coatings for Cultural Heritage: A Combined Polymers and Surfaces Chemistry Study." Polymers 11, no. 7: 1190.
One-pot in situ polymerization approach was explored for the preparation of polylactide (PLA)-cellulose nanofibril (CNF) bio-nanocomposites. CNF were first prepared through enzymatic and mechanical treatment of bleached hardwood kraft pulp. The bio-nanocomposites- were then fabricated through ring opening polymerization (ROP) of L-lactide, in the presence of various amounts of fibrils. Molecular weight, thermal properties, surface morphology, mechanical and wettability properties of the PLA-CNF nanocomposites were evaluated. DSC analysis demonstrated the effect of CNF on crystallization and crystalline morphology of PLA. Improved modulus for the nanocomposites with respect to standard PLA was demonstrated, however, the differences in tensile stress were small probably due to the counteracting effects of reinforcement from CNF and the decreasing molecular weight as a function of CNF concentration. The absence of pulled-out fibers was assessed, highlighting the strong interface and covalent attachment of PLA chains on CNF surface. Finally, the covalent bonding of PLA chains on CNF surface was demonstrated by isolating the non-soluble part, consisting of PLA-grafted CNF, and characterization of this residue.
Stefano Gazzotti; Riccardo Rampazzo; Minna Hakkarainen; Daniele Bussini; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Hermes Farina; Giordano Lesma; Alessandra Silvani. Cellulose nanofibrils as reinforcing agents for PLA-based nanocomposites: An in situ approach. Composites Science and Technology 2018, 171, 94 -102.
AMA StyleStefano Gazzotti, Riccardo Rampazzo, Minna Hakkarainen, Daniele Bussini, Marco Aldo Ortenzi, Hermes Farina, Giordano Lesma, Alessandra Silvani. Cellulose nanofibrils as reinforcing agents for PLA-based nanocomposites: An in situ approach. Composites Science and Technology. 2018; 171 ():94-102.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStefano Gazzotti; Riccardo Rampazzo; Minna Hakkarainen; Daniele Bussini; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Hermes Farina; Giordano Lesma; Alessandra Silvani. 2018. "Cellulose nanofibrils as reinforcing agents for PLA-based nanocomposites: An in situ approach." Composites Science and Technology 171, no. : 94-102.