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Countries globally are focusing on alternative fuels to reduce the environmental pollution. An example is biodiesel fuel, which is leading the way to other technologies. In this research, the methyl esters of castor oil were prepared using a two-step transesterification process. The respective properties of the castor oil (Ricinus Communis) biodiesel were estimated using ASTM standards. The effect of performance and emission on diesel engines was noted for four various engine loads (25, 50, 75, and 100%), with two different blends (B5 and B20) and at two different engine speeds (1500 and 2000 rpm). The study determined that B5 and B20 samples at 1500 rpm engine speed obtained the same power, but diesel fuel generated greater control. The power increased at 2000 rpm for B5 samples, but B20 samples, as well as diesel, were almost the same values. In the 40–80% range, load and load values were entirely parallel for each load observed from the engine performance of the brake power in all samples.
Munimathan Arunkumar; Vinayagam Mohanavel; Asif Afzal; Thanikodi Sathish; Manickam Ravichandran; Sher Khan; Nur Abdullah; Muhammad Bin Azami; Mohammad Asif. A Study on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine Using Ricinus Communis (Castor Oil) Ethyl Esters. Energies 2021, 14, 4320 .
AMA StyleMunimathan Arunkumar, Vinayagam Mohanavel, Asif Afzal, Thanikodi Sathish, Manickam Ravichandran, Sher Khan, Nur Abdullah, Muhammad Bin Azami, Mohammad Asif. A Study on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine Using Ricinus Communis (Castor Oil) Ethyl Esters. Energies. 2021; 14 (14):4320.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMunimathan Arunkumar; Vinayagam Mohanavel; Asif Afzal; Thanikodi Sathish; Manickam Ravichandran; Sher Khan; Nur Abdullah; Muhammad Bin Azami; Mohammad Asif. 2021. "A Study on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine Using Ricinus Communis (Castor Oil) Ethyl Esters." Energies 14, no. 14: 4320.
Steam generation and utilization are needed in many industries and home appliances with, specific requirements. Though there are numerous categories of boilers available for steam generation, this analysis concentrated on the water tube boiler since it produces more steam and offers better safety measures. Taguchi techniques are considered in this entire research work completed through design of experiments (DOE). Orthogonal array L16 is selected to examine the steam generation with four process parameters and four levels. Selected process parameters are namely temperature of feed water (°C), the pressure of feed water (bar), cold water supply (liters), and boiler drum pressure (bar). The response of this study is the as steam generation to since increasing the steam is a target of this investigation. The experimental value of the steam generation is compared with the desired range; most of the response values are within the predicted value. Further, the superheated steam temperature and pressure analysis were also carried out. The maximum steam generation is achieved as 84.31 L; registered in the 15th run of the experiment.
T. Sathish; V. Mohanavel; Asif Afzal; M. Arunkumar; M. Ravichandran; Sher Afghan Khan; Parvathy Rajendran; Mohammad Asif. Advancement of steam generation process in water tube boiler using Taguchi design of experiments. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 2021, 27, 101247 .
AMA StyleT. Sathish, V. Mohanavel, Asif Afzal, M. Arunkumar, M. Ravichandran, Sher Afghan Khan, Parvathy Rajendran, Mohammad Asif. Advancement of steam generation process in water tube boiler using Taguchi design of experiments. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering. 2021; 27 ():101247.
Chicago/Turabian StyleT. Sathish; V. Mohanavel; Asif Afzal; M. Arunkumar; M. Ravichandran; Sher Afghan Khan; Parvathy Rajendran; Mohammad Asif. 2021. "Advancement of steam generation process in water tube boiler using Taguchi design of experiments." Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 27, no. : 101247.
Nowadays, most of the products are used in the electrical and electronics field, and copper alloy is playing a significant role such as Springs for relay contacts and switchgear, Rotor bars, and Busbars. In this work, the copper alloys consider as base alloy, and the reinforced factor of silicon nitride (Si3N4) is processed of reinforcement as 3 wt. %, 6 wt. %, 9 wt. %, 12 wt. % Si3N4 through powder metallurgy performance. The ball mill process is used for this work to obtain an enhanced homogeneous mixture of both base material as well as reinforced particles. Using a hydraulic press, the blended powders are compacted with applying 3 kN and 10 min period for obtained good strength of green compact specimens. Further, the green compacted specimens are sintered, and the sintered billets are machined in the conventional lathes with different cutting speeds 50 m/min, 100 m/min, and 150 m/min; feed rate of 0.1 mm/rev (fixed); and depth of cut of 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm, 1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.4 mm, and 1.6 mm. Cutting speed and depth of cut to find the composites’ cutting force is ingenious. A wear test also can be conducted to find the wear resistance of the reinforced particles of the copper alloy material.
T. Sathish; V. Mohanavel; Alagar Karthick; M. Arunkumar; M. Ravichandran; S. Rajkumar. Study on Compaction and Machinability of Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) Reinforced Copper Alloy Composite through P/M Route. International Journal of Polymer Science 2021, 2021, 1 -10.
AMA StyleT. Sathish, V. Mohanavel, Alagar Karthick, M. Arunkumar, M. Ravichandran, S. Rajkumar. Study on Compaction and Machinability of Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) Reinforced Copper Alloy Composite through P/M Route. International Journal of Polymer Science. 2021; 2021 ():1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleT. Sathish; V. Mohanavel; Alagar Karthick; M. Arunkumar; M. Ravichandran; S. Rajkumar. 2021. "Study on Compaction and Machinability of Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) Reinforced Copper Alloy Composite through P/M Route." International Journal of Polymer Science 2021, no. : 1-10.
This present investigation focused on novel p-type bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3)/n-type tin sulfide (SnS2) heterostructure photocatalyst has been favorably attained via a facile two-step process followed by co-precipitation approach for enhances the photocatalytic activity through the degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RhB) organic dyes under visible-light illumination. Structural, optical, and photocatalytic behavior of the prepared BiFeO3 and BiFeO3/SnS2 photocatalysts are carefully explored. The photocatalytic efficiency of BiFeO3/SnS2 nanocatalyst was calculated to be 83%, 78% for MB and RhB, respectively, within 120 min illumination whereas the pure BiFeO3 nanoparticle was 58% and 56% for MB and RhB. This prominent enhancement of visible light photocatalytic activity can be ascribed to the separation as well as the transfer of photogenerated charge carriers, successful exploitation of visible light absorption and donates the enlarged number of photocatalytic active sites by the formation of BiFeO3/SnS2 p-n heterojunction.
M. Arunkumar; S. Veerakumar; V. Mohanavel; J. Vairamuthu; V. Vijayan; N. Senthilkumar. A Novel Visible Light-Driven p-Type BiFeO3/n-Type SnS2 Heterojunction Photocatalyst for Efficient Charge Separation and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity. Journal of Cluster Science 2021, 1 -9.
AMA StyleM. Arunkumar, S. Veerakumar, V. Mohanavel, J. Vairamuthu, V. Vijayan, N. Senthilkumar. A Novel Visible Light-Driven p-Type BiFeO3/n-Type SnS2 Heterojunction Photocatalyst for Efficient Charge Separation and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity. Journal of Cluster Science. 2021; ():1-9.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Arunkumar; S. Veerakumar; V. Mohanavel; J. Vairamuthu; V. Vijayan; N. Senthilkumar. 2021. "A Novel Visible Light-Driven p-Type BiFeO3/n-Type SnS2 Heterojunction Photocatalyst for Efficient Charge Separation and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity." Journal of Cluster Science , no. : 1-9.
The petroleum fuels need a constraining research for another energy source as the diminish of diesel fuels and causes of health problems. This paper studies the castor biodiesel as another source of fuel for already having CI engines with the application of new biodiesel which having new fuel properties. The study explains the utilization of castor biodiesel as another fuel for the diesel, and it may considerably weaken the exhalation of greenhouse gases as well as strengthen the castor seed production which gives employment to farmers on the city or town sides. The study reveals that the usability of castor biodiesel as another source of fuel reduces carbon monoxide to 9% correlated to diesel HC reduced by 8.8% also a considerable reduction in oxides of nitrogen. Here there was increased in SFC by 4% and the thermal efficiency reduced by 2.2%. But the environmental issues and the employment for farmers and increase their production of castor plant prefers the castor biodiesel is another source of fuel for the automobiles, cultivation and power production sectors.
M. Arunkumar; M. Kannan; G. Murali. Experimental studies on engine performance and emission characteristics using castor biodiesel as fuel in CI engine. Renewable Energy 2018, 131, 737 -744.
AMA StyleM. Arunkumar, M. Kannan, G. Murali. Experimental studies on engine performance and emission characteristics using castor biodiesel as fuel in CI engine. Renewable Energy. 2018; 131 ():737-744.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Arunkumar; M. Kannan; G. Murali. 2018. "Experimental studies on engine performance and emission characteristics using castor biodiesel as fuel in CI engine." Renewable Energy 131, no. : 737-744.