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A calorimetric sensor has been designed to measure the heat flow dissipated by a 2 x 2 cm2 skin surface. In this work, a non-invasive method is proposed to determine the heat capacity and thermal conductance of the area of skin where the measurement is made. The method consists of programming a linear variation of the temperature of the sensor thermostat during its application to the skin. The sensor is modelled as a two-inputs and two-outputs system. The inputs are 1) the power dissipated by the skin and transmitted by conduction to the sensor, and 2) the power dissipated in the sensor thermostat to maintain the programmed temperature. The outputs are 1) the calorimetric signal and 2) the thermostat temperature. The proposed method consists of a sensor modelling that allows the heat capacity of the element where dissipation takes place (the skin) to be identified, and the transfer functions (TF) that link the inputs and outputs are constructed from its value. These TFs allow the determination of the heat flow dissipated by the surface of the human body as a function of the temperature of the sensor thermostat. Furthermore, as this variation in heat flow is linear, we define and determine an equivalent thermal resistance of the skin in the measured area. The method is validated with a simulation and with experimental measurements on the surface of the human body.
Pedro Jesús Rodríguez De Rivera; Miriam Rodríguez De Rivera; Fabiola Socorro; Manuel Rodríguez De Rivera; Gustavo Marrero Callicó. A Method to Determine Human Skin Heat Capacity Using a Non-Invasive Calorimetric Sensor. Sensors 2020, 20, 1 .
AMA StylePedro Jesús Rodríguez De Rivera, Miriam Rodríguez De Rivera, Fabiola Socorro, Manuel Rodríguez De Rivera, Gustavo Marrero Callicó. A Method to Determine Human Skin Heat Capacity Using a Non-Invasive Calorimetric Sensor. Sensors. 2020; 20 (12):1.
Chicago/Turabian StylePedro Jesús Rodríguez De Rivera; Miriam Rodríguez De Rivera; Fabiola Socorro; Manuel Rodríguez De Rivera; Gustavo Marrero Callicó. 2020. "A Method to Determine Human Skin Heat Capacity Using a Non-Invasive Calorimetric Sensor." Sensors 20, no. 12: 1.
A calorimetric sensor has been developed for the measurement of the heat power dissipated by a superficial and localized area of the human body. In this work we present a method for the determination of the transient heat flux between the surface of the human body and the thermostat located inside the sensor. This method consists of the reconstruction of the calorimetric signal (CSRM) from the hypothesis that the power measured by the sensor is adjusted to a mathematical model consisting of a sum of exponentials of the form Wbody (t)=A0+∑ Ai exp (-t/τi). We show the experimental results obtained on the human body and on Joule dissipations of reference, by applying this new method (CSRM) and also the inverse filter method (IFM). The CSRM method allows to easily separate and identify the different phenomena that take place in the dissipation, from the instant the sensor is placed on the surface where the dissipation takes place, until the power reaches the steady state, and also in the instant the sensor is removed from the surface and placed back in its base. This sensor allows to obtain the power dissipated by a surface of 4 cm2 with a resolution of 10 mW. In relation to the dissipation measured in the different areas of the human body, this sensor will allow to study the possible correlations between these transient phenomena and the human physiopathology.
Pedro Jesús Rodríguez de Rivera; Miriam Rodríguez de Rivera; Fabiola Socorro; Manuel Rodríguez de Rivera. Method for transient heat flux determination in human body surface using a direct calorimetry sensor. Measurement 2019, 139, 1 -9.
AMA StylePedro Jesús Rodríguez de Rivera, Miriam Rodríguez de Rivera, Fabiola Socorro, Manuel Rodríguez de Rivera. Method for transient heat flux determination in human body surface using a direct calorimetry sensor. Measurement. 2019; 139 ():1-9.
Chicago/Turabian StylePedro Jesús Rodríguez de Rivera; Miriam Rodríguez de Rivera; Fabiola Socorro; Manuel Rodríguez de Rivera. 2019. "Method for transient heat flux determination in human body surface using a direct calorimetry sensor." Measurement 139, no. : 1-9.
We have developed a calorimetric sensor that can perform a local measurement of the heat flux transmitted by conduction between the human body and a thermostat located inside the sensor. This sensor has a detection area of 2×2 cm2 and, in its current configuration, allows to measure with a resolution of 10 mW. In this work, measurements on two healthy male subjects of different ages (24 and 60 years old) are presented. We study the variation of the power dissipated by the human body surface as a function of the time for a thermostat temperature set at 28 °C. We also study this power varying the thermostat temperature (from 24 to 36 °C). Measurements are performed on three surface areas of the human body: sternum, abdomen and hand. Ambient room temperature in all measurements was of 22 to 24 °C and the subjects were seated and resting. The results show that the dissipation in the trunk is much more stable than in the hand, and that the heat flux from the sternum is greater than in other areas, being higher in the younger subject (42 mW/cm2) than in the older one (35 mW/cm2). It has also been defined a thermal parameter that represents a thermal resistance between the inside of the human body and the skin. The mean value of this parameter varies between 51 and 71 K/W depending on the subject and the measurement area.
Pedro Jesús Rodríguez De Rivera; Miriam Rodríguez De Rivera; Fabiola Socorro; Manuel Rodriguez De Rivera. Measurement of human body surface heat flux using a calorimetric sensor. Journal of Thermal Biology 2019, 81, 178 -184.
AMA StylePedro Jesús Rodríguez De Rivera, Miriam Rodríguez De Rivera, Fabiola Socorro, Manuel Rodriguez De Rivera. Measurement of human body surface heat flux using a calorimetric sensor. Journal of Thermal Biology. 2019; 81 ():178-184.
Chicago/Turabian StylePedro Jesús Rodríguez De Rivera; Miriam Rodríguez De Rivera; Fabiola Socorro; Manuel Rodriguez De Rivera. 2019. "Measurement of human body surface heat flux using a calorimetric sensor." Journal of Thermal Biology 81, no. : 178-184.
The accuracy of the direct and local measurements of the heat power dissipated by the surface of the human body, using a calorimetry minisensor, is directly related to the calibration rigor of the sensor and the correct interpretation of the experimental results. For this, it is necessary to know the characteristics of the body’s local heat dissipation. When the sensor is placed on the surface of the human body, the body reacts until a steady state is reached. We propose a mathematical model that represents the rate of heat flow at a given location on the surface of a human body by the sum of a series of exponentials: W(t) = A0 + ∑Aiexp(−t/τi). In this way, transient and steady states of heat dissipation can be interpreted. This hypothesis has been tested by simulating the operation of the sensor. At the steady state, the power detected in the measurement area (4 cm2) varies depending on the sensor’s thermostat temperature, as well as the physical state of the subject. For instance, for a thermostat temperature of 24 °C, this power can vary between 100–250 mW in a healthy adult. In the transient state, two exponentials are sufficient to represent this dissipation, with 3 and 70 s being the mean values of its time constants.
Fabiola Socorro; Pedro Jesús Rodríguez De Rivera; Miriam Rodríguez De Rivera; Manuel Rodríguez De Rivera; Pedro Rodríguez De Rivera. Mathematical Model for Localised and Surface Heat Flux of the Human Body Obtained from Measurements Performed with a Calorimetry Minisensor. Sensors 2017, 17, 2749 .
AMA StyleFabiola Socorro, Pedro Jesús Rodríguez De Rivera, Miriam Rodríguez De Rivera, Manuel Rodríguez De Rivera, Pedro Rodríguez De Rivera. Mathematical Model for Localised and Surface Heat Flux of the Human Body Obtained from Measurements Performed with a Calorimetry Minisensor. Sensors. 2017; 17 (12):2749.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFabiola Socorro; Pedro Jesús Rodríguez De Rivera; Miriam Rodríguez De Rivera; Manuel Rodríguez De Rivera; Pedro Rodríguez De Rivera. 2017. "Mathematical Model for Localised and Surface Heat Flux of the Human Body Obtained from Measurements Performed with a Calorimetry Minisensor." Sensors 17, no. 12: 2749.
We have developed a calorimetry sensor that can perform a local measurement of the surface heat dissipated from the human body. The operating principle is based on the law of conductive heat transfer: heat dissipated by the human body passes across a thermopile located between the individual and a thermostat. Body heat power is calculated from the signals measured by the thermopile and the amount of power dissipated across the thermostat in order to maintain a constant temperature. The first prototype we built had a detection area measuring 6 × 6 cm2, while the second prototype, which is described herein, had a 2 × 2 cm2 detection area. This new design offers three advantages over the initial one: (1) greater resolution and three times greater thermal sensitivity; (2) a twice as fast response; and (3) it can take measurements from smaller areas of the body. The sensor has a 5 mW resolution, but the uncertainty is greater, up to 15 mW, due to the measurement and calculation procedure. The order of magnitude of measurements made in healthy subjects ranged from 60 to 300 mW at a thermostat temperature of 28 °C and an ambient room temperature of 21 °C. The values measured by the sensor depend on the ambient temperature and the thermostat’s temperature, while the power dissipated depends on the individual’s metabolism and any physical and/or emotional activity.
Fabiola Socorro; Pedro Jesús Rodríguez De Rivera; Manuel Rodríguez De Rivera; Pedro Rodríguez De Rivera. Calorimetry Minisensor for the Localised Measurement of Surface Heat Dissipated from the Human Body. Sensors 2016, 16, 1864 .
AMA StyleFabiola Socorro, Pedro Jesús Rodríguez De Rivera, Manuel Rodríguez De Rivera, Pedro Rodríguez De Rivera. Calorimetry Minisensor for the Localised Measurement of Surface Heat Dissipated from the Human Body. Sensors. 2016; 16 (11):1864.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFabiola Socorro; Pedro Jesús Rodríguez De Rivera; Manuel Rodríguez De Rivera; Pedro Rodríguez De Rivera. 2016. "Calorimetry Minisensor for the Localised Measurement of Surface Heat Dissipated from the Human Body." Sensors 16, no. 11: 1864.
A calorimetric sensor has been developed for local and direct measurement of calorific dissipations in different parts of the human body. The constructed prototype has a detection surface of 36 cm2. In this paper, a deconvolution method is proposed to reconstruct the dissipated power. The advantage of this method is that: to determine the dissipated power, it is not necessary to correct the baselines to calculate either the areas of the calorimetric signal or that of the dissipated power in the temperature control because the proposed method takes into account, apart from the calorimetric signal, the thermostat temperature and the ambient temperature.
Ch. Jesús; F. Socorro; H. J. Rodriguez De Rivera; M. Rodríguez De Rivera. Development of a calorimetric sensor for medical application. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2013, 116, 151 -155.
AMA StyleCh. Jesús, F. Socorro, H. J. Rodriguez De Rivera, M. Rodríguez De Rivera. Development of a calorimetric sensor for medical application. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2013; 116 (1):151-155.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCh. Jesús; F. Socorro; H. J. Rodriguez De Rivera; M. Rodríguez De Rivera. 2013. "Development of a calorimetric sensor for medical application." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 116, no. 1: 151-155.
A calorimetric sensor has been developed for local and direct measurement of calorific dissipations in different parts of the human body. The constructed prototype has a detection surface of 36 cm2. In this part III, it is proposed that the methodology to be used, a sequence in the programing of the measures and a calculation method. Finally, it is showing some experimental results that will be always associated to the programed thermostat temperature. Measures in the zone of the right hypochondrium are carried out in an adult male subject for different thermostat temperatures, resulting in a dissipation of 1.144 W for 27 °C and 0.800 W for 30 °C on a surface of 36 cm2.
Ch. Jesús; F. Socorro; M. Rodríguez de Rivera. Development of a calorimetric sensor for medical application. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2012, 113, 1009 -1013.
AMA StyleCh. Jesús, F. Socorro, M. Rodríguez de Rivera. Development of a calorimetric sensor for medical application. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2012; 113 (3):1009-1013.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCh. Jesús; F. Socorro; M. Rodríguez de Rivera. 2012. "Development of a calorimetric sensor for medical application." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 113, no. 3: 1009-1013.
A calorimetric sensor has been developed for local and direct measurement of calorific dissipations in different parts of the human body. The constructed prototype has a detection surface of 36 cm. The calibration of the sensor is based on a semi-empirical model that permits to simulate the operation of the device, making easier an operational functioning method. The device is modeled as a system with two inputs and two outputs. The inputs are the calorific power () that is intended to be measured and the power ( ) that dissipates a resistance, keeping constant the thermostat temperature through the use of a PID controller. The outputs are the thermostat temperature ( ) and the calorimetric signal () that provides the thermopile that is in contact with the body.
Ch. Jesús; F. Socorro; M. Rodríguez De Rivera. Development of a calorimetric sensor for medical application. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2012, 113, 1003 -1007.
AMA StyleCh. Jesús, F. Socorro, M. Rodríguez De Rivera. Development of a calorimetric sensor for medical application. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2012; 113 (3):1003-1007.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCh. Jesús; F. Socorro; M. Rodríguez De Rivera. 2012. "Development of a calorimetric sensor for medical application." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 113, no. 3: 1003-1007.
In the calorimeters used for the determination of thermodynamical properties of liquid environments, the mixture takes place when injecting liquid in the mixture zone, this injection incorporates an additional calorific power that is a function of the volumetric heat capacity of the injected liquid and the injection flow. In this article, it is rewritten Tian’s equation including this additional power to relate correctly the experimental output to the mixture enthalpy. It is applied Tian’s equation, once it has been corrected, to two types of calorimeters: flow-microcalorimeters and isothermal titration calorimeters. In this second case, it has been taken into account the classical operating mode (titration) and the continuous liquid injection mode. Tian’s equation, completed with all the energetic terms additional to the mixture process, is of great interest for the scientific and academic community because it allows to explain, in a simple and effective way, the operation of these instruments.
Ch. Jesús; F. Socorro; M. Rodríguez De Rivera. New approach to Tian’s equation applied to heat conduction and liquid injection calorimeters. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2011, 110, 1523 -1532.
AMA StyleCh. Jesús, F. Socorro, M. Rodríguez De Rivera. New approach to Tian’s equation applied to heat conduction and liquid injection calorimeters. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2011; 110 (3):1523-1532.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCh. Jesús; F. Socorro; M. Rodríguez De Rivera. 2011. "New approach to Tian’s equation applied to heat conduction and liquid injection calorimeters." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 110, no. 3: 1523-1532.
A calorimetric sensor has been developed to measure the calorific dissipation through a determined area of the human body surface. An experimental laboratory prototype with a capturing surface of 36 cm2 has been built, and a functioning model suggesting an operational method that allows to determine the calorific power going through the sensor has been proposed.
F. Socorro; M. Rodríguez De Rivera. Development of a calorimetric sensor for medical application. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2009, 99, 799 -802.
AMA StyleF. Socorro, M. Rodríguez De Rivera. Development of a calorimetric sensor for medical application. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2009; 99 (3):799-802.
Chicago/Turabian StyleF. Socorro; M. Rodríguez De Rivera. 2009. "Development of a calorimetric sensor for medical application." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 99, no. 3: 799-802.
A simplified RC model which simulates the operation mode of an isothermal titration calorimeter (ITC), when it is used in a continuous mode to determine heat of mixing, is proposed. The model takes into account several thermal effects that are evident in the mixing process and it must be identified and quantified to determine reliable values of heat of mixing. The main effects considered in the development of the model were those caused by: (i) the difference between the temperatures of the injected liquid and the mixture, (ii) the increase in heat capacity of the mixture and the thermal conductance of the couplings between the mixture and its surroundings and (iii) the changes in the power dissipated by stirring after injection. A good agreement between model and experimental results is observed.
M. Rodríguez De Rivera; F. Socorro; J. S. Matos. Modelling of the thermal effects involved in the determination of heat of mixing, using an ITC operating in continuous mode. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2009, 99, 791 -797.
AMA StyleM. Rodríguez De Rivera, F. Socorro, J. S. Matos. Modelling of the thermal effects involved in the determination of heat of mixing, using an ITC operating in continuous mode. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2009; 99 (3):791-797.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Rodríguez De Rivera; F. Socorro; J. S. Matos. 2009. "Modelling of the thermal effects involved in the determination of heat of mixing, using an ITC operating in continuous mode." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 99, no. 3: 791-797.
The correct determination of the energy generated or absorbed in the sample cell of an Isothermal Titration Calorimeter (ITC) requires a thorough analysis of the calorimetric signal. This means the identification and quantification of any thermal effect inherent to the working method. In this work, it is carried out a review on several thermal effects, studied by us in previous work, and which appear when an ITC is used for measuring the heats of mixing of liquids in a continuous mode. These effects are due to: (i) the difference between the temperature of the injected liquid and the temperature of the mixture during the mixing process, (ii) the increase of the liquid volume located in the mixing cell and (iii) the stirring velocity. Besides, methods for the identification and quantification of the mentioned effects are suggested.
Manuel Rodríguez De Rivera; Fabiola Socorro; José S. Matos. Heats of Mixing Using an Isothermal Titration Calorimeter: Associated Thermal Effects. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2009, 10, 2911 -2920.
AMA StyleManuel Rodríguez De Rivera, Fabiola Socorro, José S. Matos. Heats of Mixing Using an Isothermal Titration Calorimeter: Associated Thermal Effects. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2009; 10 (7):2911-2920.
Chicago/Turabian StyleManuel Rodríguez De Rivera; Fabiola Socorro; José S. Matos. 2009. "Heats of Mixing Using an Isothermal Titration Calorimeter: Associated Thermal Effects." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 10, no. 7: 2911-2920.
In this paper, it has been carried out a study to analyze the effect of the stirring velocity in the experimental determination of the mixture enthalpies of several binary mixtures by using a Titration Calorimetric TAM2277-201/2250 by Thermometric AB. The tested liquid mixtures have been ethanol+water and those containing 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and (ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol or 1,2-butanediol). The stirring aim is to keep the homogeneity in the mixture process, but the stirring velocity must not be increased in excess in order not to favour the evaporation during the measurement process. This study reveals that every mixture process shows an optimum stirring velocity.
M. Rodríguez De Rivera; F. Socorro; J. S. Matos. Study of the stirring effect in a TAM2277-205 isothermal Titration Calorimeter. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2008, 92, 79 -82.
AMA StyleM. Rodríguez De Rivera, F. Socorro, J. S. Matos. Study of the stirring effect in a TAM2277-205 isothermal Titration Calorimeter. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2008; 92 (1):79-82.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Rodríguez De Rivera; F. Socorro; J. S. Matos. 2008. "Study of the stirring effect in a TAM2277-205 isothermal Titration Calorimeter." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 92, no. 1: 79-82.
A calorimetric sensor has been developed to measure surface heat dissipations in the human body. An experimental prototype has been built in order to study its performance and a simple model that represents acceptably the experimental system has been proposed.
F. Socorro; A. Mariano; M. Rodríguez De Rivera. Model of a calorimetric sensor for medical application. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2008, 92, 83 -86.
AMA StyleF. Socorro, A. Mariano, M. Rodríguez De Rivera. Model of a calorimetric sensor for medical application. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2008; 92 (1):83-86.
Chicago/Turabian StyleF. Socorro; A. Mariano; M. Rodríguez De Rivera. 2008. "Model of a calorimetric sensor for medical application." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 92, no. 1: 83-86.
In this paper, it is made a study of the accuracy of an isothermal titration calorimeter in the operating mode of ‘continuous injection’. The experimental equipment has been a TAM2277-201/2250 by Thermometric AB and the liquid mixtures used in the calibration have been the mixture cyclohexane+benzene and the mixture water+ethanol. The calibration contemplates different effects that affect the uncertainty in the determination of the sensitivity, the effect of the liquid injection, the treatment of the calorimetric signal, the variation of the experimental baseline and the different noises included in the calorimetric signal.
M. Rodríguez De Rivera; F. Socorro. Signal processing and uncertainty in an isothermal titration calorimeter. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2007, 88, 745 -750.
AMA StyleM. Rodríguez De Rivera, F. Socorro. Signal processing and uncertainty in an isothermal titration calorimeter. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2007; 88 (3):745-750.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Rodríguez De Rivera; F. Socorro. 2007. "Signal processing and uncertainty in an isothermal titration calorimeter." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 88, no. 3: 745-750.
The signal processing of the experimental output produced by simultaneous injection of two liquids in a flow microcalorimeter allows, besides the determination of the mixture energy, to obtain information about the mixture thermokinetics. Starting from this information, a model of space-time behaviour of the mixture dissipation is proposed. The simulations carried out explain that an increase of the injection flow produces an increase in the dissipation length which could be located out of the detection zone.
Fabiola Socorro; Manuel Rodriguez de Rivera. Modellization of the mixture dissipation in a flow microcalorimeter. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2007, 88, 741 -744.
AMA StyleFabiola Socorro, Manuel Rodriguez de Rivera. Modellization of the mixture dissipation in a flow microcalorimeter. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2007; 88 (3):741-744.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFabiola Socorro; Manuel Rodriguez de Rivera. 2007. "Modellization of the mixture dissipation in a flow microcalorimeter." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 88, no. 3: 741-744.
By using electrical calibrations and with the injection of liquids with very different heating capacities (water and cyclohexane), it is made a thorough evaluation of the ‘injection effect’ in terms of the parameter ρc pf (ρc p – volumetric heat capacity, f – injection flow) in an isothermal titration calorimeter. This effect can be evaluated accurately in the case of non-volatile liquids, however, when dealing with volatile liquids, the uncertainty in their determination increases because of the vaporization heat.
M Rodríguez De Rivera; F. Socorro. Injection effect on the sensitivity in an isothermal titration calorimeter. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2006, 85, 477 -479.
AMA StyleM Rodríguez De Rivera, F. Socorro. Injection effect on the sensitivity in an isothermal titration calorimeter. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2006; 85 (2):477-479.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM Rodríguez De Rivera; F. Socorro. 2006. "Injection effect on the sensitivity in an isothermal titration calorimeter." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 85, no. 2: 477-479.
The identification of the calorimetric curves corresponding to liquid mixtures for different injection flows, given by a flow microcalorimeter, permits to classify in a kinetic way the studied mixtures. For this purpose, it is determined the establishment time constant of the mixture (τmix) that allows us to estimate the length occupied by the dissipation (through the parameter λmix) and thus to justify the sensitivity variation obtained in different chemical calibrations.
M. Rodríguez De Rivera; F. Socorro. Flow microcalorimetry and thermokinetics of liquid mixtures. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2006, 87, 591 -594.
AMA StyleM. Rodríguez De Rivera, F. Socorro. Flow microcalorimetry and thermokinetics of liquid mixtures. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2006; 87 (2):591-594.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Rodríguez De Rivera; F. Socorro. 2006. "Flow microcalorimetry and thermokinetics of liquid mixtures." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 87, no. 2: 591-594.
It is proposed a calorimetric model that helps to understand the dependence on the sensitivity of a flow microcalorimeter with the spatial localization of the energetic dissipation. The model allows to compare the spatial localization of different studied mixtures and permits us to conclude that in the ‘rapid’ mixtures, the length that the mixture dissipation occupies and the sensitivity remain nearly constant; however, in the mixtures called ‘slow’, the mixture length increases with the injection flow. This fact produces, at the same time, a clear variation of the sensitivity.
F. Socorro; M. Rodríguez De Rivera. Modellization of the spatial localization effect of the mixture dissipation on the sensitivity in a flow microcalorimeter. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2006, 84, 285 -289.
AMA StyleF. Socorro, M. Rodríguez De Rivera. Modellization of the spatial localization effect of the mixture dissipation on the sensitivity in a flow microcalorimeter. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2006; 84 (1):285-289.
Chicago/Turabian StyleF. Socorro; M. Rodríguez De Rivera. 2006. "Modellization of the spatial localization effect of the mixture dissipation on the sensitivity in a flow microcalorimeter." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 84, no. 1: 285-289.
Using an RC model, the behavior of a TAM high-performance calorimeter (Thermometric AB, Sweden) equipped with a flow-mixing insertion vessel using independent pumps for each reactant is studied. The model shows a reliable sensitivity behavior for mixtures realized inside the cell. The model behavior is compared with experimental measurements.
R. Kirchner; M. Rodriguez De Rivera; J. Seidel; V. Torra. Identification of micro-scale calorimetric devices. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2005, 82, 179 -184.
AMA StyleR. Kirchner, M. Rodriguez De Rivera, J. Seidel, V. Torra. Identification of micro-scale calorimetric devices. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2005; 82 (1):179-184.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. Kirchner; M. Rodriguez De Rivera; J. Seidel; V. Torra. 2005. "Identification of micro-scale calorimetric devices." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 82, no. 1: 179-184.