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The main challenge of this work is to identify a novel approach to reuse and valorize brewers’ spent grain (BSG) to produce a new source of income for the brewers in terms of self-consumption or selling goods. Therefore, this study explored the composting behavior of BSG mixed with different organic materials: wheat straw with pig slurry solid fraction and wheat straw with sheep manure, MIX1 and MIX2, respectively. The composting process was carried out in bins by comparing two different composting strategies: manual turning (MT) and static composting xxx– without turning operations (ST). During the experimental trial, BSG mixtures were chemically analyzed for pH, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, total organic carbon, volatile solids, carbon to nitrogen ratio, and moisture content. Furthermore, the final composted materials were evaluated according to the physicochemical and biological limits fixed by the European regulation (2019/1009) and the Italian law (D.Lgs 75/2010). At the end of the composting process, the C/N ratio ranged from 11.6 to 15.5, the humification ratio ranged from 12.4 to 13.8 and the NH4+-N/NO3−-N ratio was lower than 0.5 indicating, in all investigated treatments, a good degree of maturation. However, as evidenced by the high pH values and low Germination Index, the sheep manure, as starting material, proved less effective than the solid fraction of pig slurry, probably due to excessive trampling and slow litter change. Finally, concerning the two composting strategies investigated, the obtained results highlighted that the composting strategy did not affect the final compost quality.
Davide Assandri; Niccolò Pampuro; Giacomo Zara; Angela Bianco; Eugenio Cavallo; Marilena Budroni. Co-Composting of Brewers’ Spent Grain with Animal Manures and Wheat Straw: Influence of Two Composting Strategies on Compost Quality. Agronomy 2021, 11, 1349 .
AMA StyleDavide Assandri, Niccolò Pampuro, Giacomo Zara, Angela Bianco, Eugenio Cavallo, Marilena Budroni. Co-Composting of Brewers’ Spent Grain with Animal Manures and Wheat Straw: Influence of Two Composting Strategies on Compost Quality. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (7):1349.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavide Assandri; Niccolò Pampuro; Giacomo Zara; Angela Bianco; Eugenio Cavallo; Marilena Budroni. 2021. "Co-Composting of Brewers’ Spent Grain with Animal Manures and Wheat Straw: Influence of Two Composting Strategies on Compost Quality." Agronomy 11, no. 7: 1349.
In order to select Saccharomyces cerevisiae starter strains for ‘‘Merwah’’ wine production, three strains (M.6.16, M.10.16, and M.4.17) previously isolated from ‘‘Merwah’’ must and characterized at the lab scale were tested in pilot-scale fermentation in a Lebanese winery during the 2019 vintage. The three inoculated musts were compared to that obtained with a spontaneous fermentation. During the fermentations, must samples were taken to evaluate the dominance of the inoculated strains, and at the end of fermentation, the obtained wines were subjected to chemical and sensorial characterization. Molecular monitoring by interdelta analysis revealed that only M.4.17 was able to complete the fermentation and dominate over the wild yeasts. Based on the analysis of principal technological parameters (i.e., residual sugar, fermentative vigor, sulfur production, and acetic acid) and sensorial analysis of the wines obtained, M.4.17 was selected as an adequate starter for the production of typical ‘‘Merwah’’ wine.
Nadine Feghali; Angela Bianco; Giacomo Zara; Edouard Tabet; Chantal Ghanem; Marilena Budroni. Selection of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Starter Strain for Merwah Wine. Fermentation 2020, 6, 43 .
AMA StyleNadine Feghali, Angela Bianco, Giacomo Zara, Edouard Tabet, Chantal Ghanem, Marilena Budroni. Selection of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Starter Strain for Merwah Wine. Fermentation. 2020; 6 (2):43.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNadine Feghali; Angela Bianco; Giacomo Zara; Edouard Tabet; Chantal Ghanem; Marilena Budroni. 2020. "Selection of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Starter Strain for Merwah Wine." Fermentation 6, no. 2: 43.