In addition to social and environmental factors, individual personality traits have intricately linked with maladaptive behaviour. Thus, the purpose of this article was to review the link between individual personality traits and criminality. A systematic review was conducted to obtain information regarding the link between individual personality traits with criminal behaviour in the Sage, Web of Science, APA PsycNet, Wiley Online Library, and PubMed databases. The results indicate that individual personality traits that contribute towards criminality are (i) psychopathy; (ii) low self-control; and (iii) difficult temperament. As an overall impact, the review is expected to provide in-depth understanding of the link between individual personality traits and criminality; hence, greater consideration will be given to the dimension of personality as a notable risk factor of criminal behaviour.

The Ranau Earthquake that struck on 5 June 2015, February 2018, and April 2021, were a new disaster in Sabah and caused many Sabahan to panic. The unpredicted disaster also caused a serious impact on all aspects of life in Sabah. The earthquake has caused severe damage to eight primary schools in the vicinity of the epicenter, although no casualties were reported. However, the disaster has deep passing psychological effects among students. In this study, we examine how the primary school teachers enabled the student to be resilient during and after the disaster. Based on the interviews with 16 primary school students, it was revealed that most of the teachers used WhatsApp to support resilience during and after the earthquake. Interviews with 16 primary school teachers revealed there were two main reasons for them to communicate with students, namely, delivering emotional aid and monitoring their stress. Based on student interviews, five content categories of emotional support were identified: caring, reassuring, emotion sharing, belonging, and distracting. The main contribution of this study is that social media can be used as a spontaneous and proactive tool for supporting the student’s resilience during and after the earthquake trauma.

The Ranau Earthquake that struck on 5, June 2015 and follow by February 2018 and April 2021, were a new disaster in Sabah and caused many Sabahan to panic. The unpredicted disaster also caused a serious impact on all aspects of life in Sabah. The earthquake has caused severe damage to eight primary schools in the vicinity of the epicenter; although no casualties were reported. However, the disaster has passing deep psychological effects among students. In this study, we examine how the primary school teachers enabled the student to be resilient during and after the disaster. Based on the interviews of 16 primary school students it was revealed that most of the teachers used WhatsApp to support resilience during and after the earthquake. Interviews with 16 primary school teachers revealed there were two main reasons for them to communicate with students namely, delivering emotional aid and monitoring their stress. Based on student interviews, five content categories of emotional support were identified: caring, reassuring, emotion sharing, belonging, and distracting. The main contribution of this study is social media can be used as a spontaneously and proactive tool to support student's resilience during and after the earthquake trauma.

Faktor Psikologi dan Keparahan Penagihan Dadah dalam Kalangan Penagih Dadah di Semananjung Malaysia

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneroka elemen pengajaran nilai integriti dalam kalangan kanak-kanak prasekolah serta keperluan guru prasekolah dalam menyampaikan nilai-nilai ini. Seramai 43 orang guru prasekolah dari seluruh Malaysia dipilih sebagai responden melalui kaedah persampelan rawak mudah. Instrumen kajian yang digunakan ialah soal selidik yang merangkumi bahagian demografi, pendekatan pengajaran nilai integriti, cabaran yang dihadapi, dan keperluan latihan serta sokongan. Analisis data dijalankan menggunakan statistik deskriptif bagi mendapatkan gambaran yang komprehensif tentang pandangan responden. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa nilai-nilai seperti kejujuran, amanah, dan tidak mengambil hak orang lain merupakan elemen penting yang perlu diajar kepada kanak-kanak prasekolah. Majoriti responden bersetuju bahawa pengajaran nilai ini memberi kesan positif terhadap perkembangan keperibadian kanak-kanak. Namun, pelaksanaan modul pengajaran nilai integriti menghadapi cabaran seperti kekurangan sumber pendidikan yang sesuai, tahap penerimaan kanak-kanak terhadap pendekatan interaktif, dan jurang literasi digital guru. Selain itu, responden mencadangkan agar lebih banyak sokongan disediakan kepada guru melalui latihan khusus dan penyediaan bahan pengajaran berkualiti. Dapatan kajian ini menekankan keperluan reka bentuk modul yang lebih efektif, peningkatan literasi digital dalam kalangan guru, serta kerjasama erat antara guru dan ibu bapa untuk memastikan nilai integriti dapat disemai secara konsisten. Kajian ini menyumbang kepada pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang pengajaran nilai integriti dalam pendidikan awal kanak-kanak dan memberikan cadangan praktikal untuk meningkatkan keberkesanan usaha ini.

This article discusses the role and position of Street-Level Bureaucrats (SLBs) in the broad context of policy making and implementation. It is partially based on a study conducted in 2018 that produced a typological framework mapping the workflow and exercise of discretion amongst officers of the Malaysian Department of Social Welfare (DSW) who handle child welfare cases. In this revisit to the framework, the authors shed some new information into the context of the framework, particularly regarding the exercise of discretion amongst the officers. The authors explored the relationship between bureaucracy and discretion and concluded that they exist on a continuum and are not mutually exclusive. The repercussion of this is this that discretionary actions of SLBs can be interpreted as an expression of professionalism on behalf of the SLBs. The authors also argue that SLBs have the potential to act as 'policy entrepreneurs,’ innovating within their roles in improving service and policy implementation. Such reinterpretation of the status and roles of SLBs could lead to more inclusive policymaking and empowerment to the SLBs.