Several preventive measures have been applied to limit the COVID-19 pandemic, including successful the development and introduction of vaccines. The aim of this study was to investigate adherence to preventive measures and vaccination intentions among nursing students in three European countries and the factors associated with vaccination intention and advising vaccination. A cross-sectional study using convenience/snow-ball sampling strategy was performed in Slovenia, Poland, and Serbia between 12 February and 5 March 2021. Data from 872 eligible respondents were analyzed (mean age 23.5 ± 6.5 years, 89% female). Higher adherence to preventive behavior was declared by those working in healthcare (p < 0.001), engaged in COVID-19 departments (p < 0.001), had not had the disease yet (p < 0.001), and had children (p = 0.01). Those groups also expressed higher vaccination intention and advised vaccination to others. Higher vaccination intention and advising vaccination were mostly associated with belief in benefits of vaccine, trust in institutions, perceived effectiveness of vaccine, influence of social environment, protection of patients and perceived health care professionals’ duty. Fear of side effects and general refusal of vaccines are the main reasons for vaccination hesitancy. The results of the study indicate how higher education institutions can support the development of appropriate professional attitudes and behaviors among nursing students.

Background/Objectives. ICD–11 classifies burnout as a work-related issue arising from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed. According to the Job Demands/Resources Model, job demands represent sources of stress and job resources may buffer the impact of job demands on job strain. Since every profession has its specific spectre of work demands/resources related to stress development, the aim of this study was to examine a model predicting workplace burnout dimensions (emotional exhaustion—EE, depersonalisation—DP, personal accomplishment—PA) in special educational needs (SEN) and general education (GE) teachers, with job demands representing potential “risk factors” and job resources potential “protective factors”. Methods. The study involved 116 SEN teachers from eight primary schools for children with learning difficulties and a sample of 145 teachers from general primary schools in the Belgrade region, which was balanced according to the representation of the main demographic variables in the SEN group. The Maslach Burnout Inventory and Job Characteristics Questionnaire were the instruments employed. Results. No difference was found between SEN and GE teachers in the intensity of burnout dimensions. In the SEN group, Changes were the predictors of all three burnout dimensions, Work environment for EE and DP, Emotional demands and Support from colleagues for EE, Cognitive/Quantitative for PA, and Job control for PA. Concerning the GE group, Support from colleagues predicted all three dimensions, Job control EE and DP, Cognitive/Quantitative DP and PA, Changes DP, and Role conflict and Seniority EE. Conclusions. The results of the study provide a foundation for further testing of a hypothetical predictive model of burnout with job demands as direct predictor and job resources as mediators of this relation.

The study aimed to assess the prevalence and distribution of different levels of nutritional status among young people, to examine its association with social determinants of health, and to analyse its trend over time. The research was a secondary analysis of the data from four national health surveys of the Serbian population. The research sample included 11,243 respondents, aged 15 to 29, both genders. A multivariate logistic regression model was applied to examine the association between socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle, health status, and the level of respondents’ nutritional status. The trend analysis of the levels of nutritional status by the research years was done using multiple linear regression in adjusted models. A total of 63.3% of respondents had body mass index (BMI) in the normal weight range, 11.7% were underweight, 18.5% were pre-obese, and 6.2% were obese. The average BMI of the study participants was 23.01 ± 6.01. The female respondents were more frequently underweight, and the male respondents were pre-obese and obese. Different factors were associated with different nutritional status levels - for underweight: female gender (OR: 5.29), age 15–19 (OR: 0.06), being married/ in a relationship (OR: 0.69), living in Belgrade region (OR: 1.35), presence of chronic diseases (OR: 0.56), consumption of psychoactive substances (OR:0.56) and non-smoking (OR: 0.70); for pre-obesity: female gender (OR: 0.38), ages 15–19 (OR:0.36) and 20–24 (OR:0.65), being married/ in a relationship (OR: 1.39), having high wealth index (OR:1.30) and non-smoking status (OR:1.32); for obesity: female gender (OR: 0.36), ages 15–19 (OR:0.35) and 20–24 (OR:0.51), being married/ in a relationship (OR:2.31) and primary education level (OR:2.17). The trend analysis of nutritional status level in the research period showed an increase in the average value of the BMI of the respondents in the entire sample, as well as the prevalence of obesity, while the prevalence of underweight and pre-obesity decreased. The research provided insight into the specific factors associated with and trends of levels of nutritional status of the young, leading to the conclusion that preventive and interventional public health programs and strategies must be fully adapted to their specific needs.

Since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, millions of Ukrainians have experienced forced displacement. This study examined multilevel social determinants of resilience among Ukrainian refugees and internally displaced persons, guided by Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological model. In 2025, we conducted a cross-sectional, multi-country study involving 1.622 Ukrainian adults living in seven European countries and internally displaced persons living in Ukraine. Participants completed the Resilience Scale-25, the Cultural Symptoms of Trauma Scale, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Country-adjusted, domain-specific multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors independently associated with moderate-to-high versus low resilience. Resilience levels were heterogeneous: 30.2% of participants had low resilience, 38.4% moderate resilience, and 31.4% high resilience. After adjustment for country of residence, stronger social relationships (OR = 1.20, p < 0.005), stronger family relationships (OR = 1.20, p < 0.005), supporting local initiatives for Ukraine (OR = 1.32, p < 0.05), greater satisfaction with work or education (OR = 1.33, p < 0.001), and better economic condition (OR = 1.24, p < 0.001) were independently associated with moderate-to-high resilience. Diminished competence and agency (OR = 0.45, p < 0.001) and spiritual or existential distress (OR = 0.78, p < 0.05) were negatively associated with resilience, whereas frequency of prayer was positively associated with resilience (OR = 1.23, p < 0.005). Departure from Ukraine more than three months after the outbreak of war was associated with lower odds of moderate-to-high resilience (OR = 0.75, p < 0.05), while stable or improved socioeconomic functioning after migration was associated with higher odds (OR = 1.46, p < 0.05). Resilience among war-displaced Ukrainians was associated with relational, socioeconomic, cultural, and temporal determinants. Responses to forced displacement should extend beyond trauma-focused care to strengthen social ties, support work and education, reduce economic insecurity, and restore competence and agency.

The acceptance of the postulate that people's health is the general interest of human society and also its basic resource for development represents the shift in the focus of the health care system and the society from disease and treatment to health promotion and preservation, healthy lifestyles affirmation and to development of a healthy environment. The promotion of health is becoming the key area for public healthcare actions, and thus a key element of nursing practice. Through the presentation and comparison of the current concept of health promotion based on the bio-psycho-social model and the basic postulates of the Life Course Theory, the author implies the necessity of expanding the existing frames in health promotion theory and the significance of implementation of Life Course Theory into the nursing curriculum, giving at the same time basic guidelines for its practical application within the health promotion activities of the nurses.