Rumex crispus L. (R. crispus) is regarded as an aromatic plant. It was used for its excellent biological properties in traditional medicine. The aerial part was extracted successively by maceration with three solvents increasing polarity (cyclohexane (CYH), dichloromethane (DCM), and methanol (MeOH)) to evaluate their chemical compositions and biological activities. The extracts were rich in phenolic compounds (13.0 to 249.8mg GAE/g of dry weight (dw)). The MeOH extract has presented remarkable IC₅₀=6.2μg/mL for anti-DPPH and 31.6μg/mL for anti-AChE. However, the DCM extract has the highest cytotoxic activity against the two cancer cells (HCT-116 and MCF-7) (69.2 and 77.2 inhibition at 50μg/mL, respectively). Interestingly, GC-MS analysis enabled to identify three new compounds in R. crispus extracts, such as L-()-arabitol (5), D-() fructopyranose (7) detected only in MeOH extract, and 2, 5-dihydroxyacetophenone (3) detected in all extracts. For HPLC chromatograms, cardamonin (8), 5-hydroxy-3-methoxyflavone (17), and 3-hydroxy-b-naphthoflavone (18) showed the highest concentrations of 74.0, 55.5, and 50.4mg/g of dw, respectively, among others who are identified. Some phenolic compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC in more than one organic extract, such as 4, 5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (13), 4, 5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (14), 5-hydroxy-3-methoxyflavone (17), and 3-hydroxy-b-naphthoflavone (18), were found for the first time in the R. crispus extracts. Our results showed that the biological activities of this plant might be linked to their phenolic compounds and that the polar extracts could be considered as new natural supplements to be used in food and pharmaceuticals.

In this work, we investigate the effects of both growth temperature and substrate nature on different properties of indium sulfide thin films prepared by chemical vapor deposition method using triphenylphosphine sulfide as a sulfur precursor. The structural, morphological, and optical properties of the resulting thin films were characterized using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV–vis spectroscopy respectively. The structural study has proved that pure nanocrsytalline β -indium sulfide films were obtained at 300 and 400 °C regardless of the substrate nature, while higher growth temperature (500 °C) leads to the formation of pure indium oxide films. From the SEM images, it is derived that the surface morphology of the obtained films was independent to both growth temperature and substrate nature. The electronic structure of β -In ₂ S ₃ was computed using density functional theory calculations. The optical properties of the obtained films such as energy band-gap, extinction coefficient, refractive index, dielectric constant and optical conductivity were investigated theoretically and experimentally. It was shown that these parameters were mainly controlled by the substrate type and the phase formed. The theoretical optical investigation was in full agreement with the experimental results. Oscillator energy, dispersion energy and Urbach energy were also estimated. Blue and violet PL emissions indicate the useful application of the obtained films as blue and violet light emitters.

Rumex roseus L. (R. roseus) is acknowledged as an aromatic plant. For its excellent biological properties, it was used as a traditional medicine. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the chemical components and their effect as the biological activities of Tunisian extracts of R. roseus. Consecutive extractions by cold maceration of the aerial part with solvents of increasing polarity (cyclohexane (CYH), dichloromethane (DCM), and methanol (MeOH)) were performed, and the different chemical groups (phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins, etc.) were identified. In addition, the volatile compounds of the obtained extracts were identified before and after derivatization. Moreover, their antioxidant and anticancer activities were evaluated. The analysis of HPLC‐DAD revealed the identification of 18 components from organic extracts, among them are, for example, chlorogenic acid and shikonin, while GC‐MS analysis allowed the detection of 34 volatile compounds. Some of those compounds were identified for the first time in plant extracts such as pyrazolo[3,4‐d] pyrimidine‐3,4(2H,5H)‐dione (1); L‐proline (16); 2‐amino‐3‐hydroxybutanoic acid (19); L‐(‐)‐arabitol (23); D‐(‐)‐fructopyranose (25); and D‐(+)‐talopyranose (27). DPPH tests revealed that the most important antioxidant activity was found in the methanolic extract with 75.2% inhibition at 50 mg/L and that the highest cytotoxic activity against HCT‐116 and MCF‐7 was recorded in the dichloromethane extract with 62.1 and 80.0% inhibition at 50 mg/L, respectively. The biological activities were fully correlated with the chemical composition of the different extracts. So, we can suggest that R. roseus is a source of bioactive molecules that could be considered potential alternatives for use in dietary supplements for the prevention or treatment of diseases.

In this work, we present the electrochemical deposition of manganese dioxide (MnO₂) thin films on carbon-coated TiN/Si micro-pillars. The carbon buffer layer, grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), is used as a protective coating for the underlying TiN current collector from oxidation, during the film deposition, while improving the electrical conductivity of the stack. A conformal electrolytic MnO₂ (EMD) coating is successfully achieved on high aspect ratio C/TiN/Si pillar arrays by tailoring the deposition process. Lithiation/Delithiation cycling tests have been performed. Reversible insertion and extraction of Li⁺ through EMD structure are observed. The fabricated stack is thus considered as a good candidate not only for 3D micorbatteries but also for other energy storage applications.

A new thiophosphoramide-based electrochemical ligand was synthesized and used as a bivalent metallic cation sensor. Electrochemical studies reveal a sensitive detection process toward various cations such as Fe ²⁺ , Co ²⁺ , Ni ²⁺ , Cd ²⁺ , Cu ²⁺ and Ca ²⁺ . The chelation process was accompanied by dramatic changes in the redox properties of the free ligand. Interestingly, the ligand shows a simultaneous sensing behavior towards iron and copper cations. The oxidation peak potentials of the two complexes can be well separated, allowing sensitive detection. Furthermore, UV–Visible spectra showed redshifts of absorbance bands of the free ligand in the presence of cations due to the coordination of the thiophosphoryl groups. Electrochemical and UV–Visible studies confirmed that the metal-ligand complexes have 1:2 stoichiometry.