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Prof. József Popp
Institute of Sectoral Economics and Methodology, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary

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0 Agricultural Economics
0 Bioenergy
0 Climate Change
0 Food Security
0 circular economy

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Journal article
Published: 15 August 2021 in Sustainability
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Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial part in a country’s economic growth and sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between innovation and the performance of SMEs. An external environmental factor acts as a moderating variable between the exogenous and endogenous variables. Data were collected from 350 textile SMEs operating in Pakistan using a cross-sectional study design through self-administered questionnaires. Of these, only 335 surveys were valid for further analysis. The structural equational modeling technique was used for analyzing the data and testing the hypotheses that innovation and the external environment affect an SME’s performance. The results indicate a significant association between innovation and SME performance, and the external environment has a moderating impact on innovation and SME performance. This paper offers valuable recommendations to senior managers and owners of SMEs to consider the innovation and external environment as crucial factors when assessing their SME’s performance. This study contributes towards the body of knowledge on this subject and can help practitioners and researchers explore the effects of innovation and the external environment on the performance of SMEs.

ACS Style

Qinghua Fu; Muhammad Safdar Sial; Muhammad Zulqarnain Arshad; Ubaldo Comite; Phung Anh Thu; József Popp. The Inter-Relationship between Innovation Capability and SME Performance: The Moderating Role of the External Environment. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9132 .

AMA Style

Qinghua Fu, Muhammad Safdar Sial, Muhammad Zulqarnain Arshad, Ubaldo Comite, Phung Anh Thu, József Popp. The Inter-Relationship between Innovation Capability and SME Performance: The Moderating Role of the External Environment. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9132.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qinghua Fu; Muhammad Safdar Sial; Muhammad Zulqarnain Arshad; Ubaldo Comite; Phung Anh Thu; József Popp. 2021. "The Inter-Relationship between Innovation Capability and SME Performance: The Moderating Role of the External Environment." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9132.

Research article
Published: 03 August 2021 in PLOS ONE
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The purpose of this empirical study is to investigate the effects of Emotional Intelligence (EI) on learning outcomes (social, cognitive, self-growth outcomes and satisfaction with the university experience) of students in Chinese research universities. This study further examines the mediating role of student trust in teachers (emotional and cognitive learning) and learning orientation (commitment to learning) in the relationship between EI and learning outcomes. This intent of this study was to examine the direct effects of learning outcomes on students’ academic efficacy (cognitive skills and standardised tests). This study used a sample frame of 454 students from research universities in China. The relationships were tested through the partial least squares’ structural equation modelling method. The results reveal that EI has a significant impact on learning outcomes. Furthermore, an indirect relation between EI and learning outcomes is established through student trust in teachers and in the learning orientation. The direct relation between learning outcomes and student academic efficacy is also established. There is a lack of studies that investigate the relationship of EI, student trust in teachers, learning orientation, learning outcomes and student academic efficacy. This is one of the initial research studies that not only empirically examine the interface of EI and learning outcomes of students of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) but offers insights into the existing literature by concurrent investigation of the mediating role of student trust in teachers and in the learning orientation in fundamental association, while explaining the association between learning outcomes and students’ better academic efficacy.

ACS Style

Zahid Shafait; Muhammad Asif Khan; Umar Farooq Sahibzada; Zdzisław Dacko-Pikiewicz; József Popp. An assessment of students’ emotional intelligence, learning outcomes, and academic efficacy: A correlational study in higher education. PLOS ONE 2021, 16, e0255428 .

AMA Style

Zahid Shafait, Muhammad Asif Khan, Umar Farooq Sahibzada, Zdzisław Dacko-Pikiewicz, József Popp. An assessment of students’ emotional intelligence, learning outcomes, and academic efficacy: A correlational study in higher education. PLOS ONE. 2021; 16 (8):e0255428.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zahid Shafait; Muhammad Asif Khan; Umar Farooq Sahibzada; Zdzisław Dacko-Pikiewicz; József Popp. 2021. "An assessment of students’ emotional intelligence, learning outcomes, and academic efficacy: A correlational study in higher education." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8: e0255428.

Journal article
Published: 02 August 2021 in EFB Bioeconomy Journal
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The bioeconomy is a highly complex, cross-sectorial concept covering all sectors and systems that rely on biomass. Based on the analysis of the size of bioeconomy in the V4 countries it can be concluded that the sustainable transition is a great challenge and can be achieved by developing national circular bioeconomy strategies. It is extremely difficult to analyse the contribution of different sectors to the performance of the circular bioeconomy. Currently, the contribution of different sectors to the biomass-based economy is very complex, therefore a strategic socio-economic planning and optimal resource allocation is necessary to achieve the goals of the bioeconomy. This paper aims to determine the place and role of the bioeconomy in the structural change of the linear economy, based on detailed matrices of in- and output relations between different sectors. Based on the input-output matrices, as well as centrality and flow metrics of network analysis, the role of the bioeconomy in the linear economy, its multiplicative effects and future research implications are analysed.

ACS Style

Zoltán Lakner; Judit Oláh; József Popp; Ervin Balázs. The structural change of the economy in the context of the bioeconomy. EFB Bioeconomy Journal 2021, 1, 100018 .

AMA Style

Zoltán Lakner, Judit Oláh, József Popp, Ervin Balázs. The structural change of the economy in the context of the bioeconomy. EFB Bioeconomy Journal. 2021; 1 ():100018.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zoltán Lakner; Judit Oláh; József Popp; Ervin Balázs. 2021. "The structural change of the economy in the context of the bioeconomy." EFB Bioeconomy Journal 1, no. : 100018.

Review
Published: 20 July 2021 in Energies
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The optimization of the energy portfolio for a small, open, landlocked economy with rather limited fossil resources is a complex task because it must find a long-range, sustainable balance between the various goals of society under the constant pressure of different interest groups. The opinions of independent, informed experts could be an essential input in the decision-making process. The goal of this research was to determine the relative importance of the values and goals potentially accompanying projects, based on the utilization of bioenergy. The current research is based on a wide-ranging survey of 65 non-partisan experts, applying the Pareto analytic hierarchy process to ensure the unbiased prioritization of project segments. The results of the survey put a spotlight on the importance of the economic role of bioenergy projects. Contrary to previous expectations and considerations, the social functions of these projects have hitherto been given relatively little importance. The results highlight the importance of bioenergy in increasing the income-generating capacity of agricultural producers by optimal utilization of natural resources for agricultural production. This can be achieved without considerable deterioration of the natural environment. Modern agricultural production is characterized by high levels of mechanization and automatization. Under these conditions, the social role of bioenergy projects (job creation) is rather limited.

ACS Style

Judit Oláh; József Popp; Szabolcs Duleba; Anna Kiss; Zoltán Lakner. Positioning Bio-Based Energy Systems in a Hypercomplex Decision Space—A Case Study. Energies 2021, 14, 4366 .

AMA Style

Judit Oláh, József Popp, Szabolcs Duleba, Anna Kiss, Zoltán Lakner. Positioning Bio-Based Energy Systems in a Hypercomplex Decision Space—A Case Study. Energies. 2021; 14 (14):4366.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Judit Oláh; József Popp; Szabolcs Duleba; Anna Kiss; Zoltán Lakner. 2021. "Positioning Bio-Based Energy Systems in a Hypercomplex Decision Space—A Case Study." Energies 14, no. 14: 4366.

Journal article
Published: 30 June 2021 in Energies
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The sustainable environment has been a desired situation around the world for the last few decades. Environmental contaminations can be a consequence of various economic activities. Different socio-economic factors influence the environment positively or negatively. Many previous studies have resulted in the efficient allocation of inputs as an environment-friendly component. This paper investigates the effects of energy efficiency on ecological footprint in the ASEAN region using balanced panel data from 2001 to 2019. First, this paper technically derives the energy efficiency, using the stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) of the translog production type of single output and multiple inputs. Findings of the SFA show that the Philippines and Singapore have the highest energy efficiency (94%) and Laos has the lowest energy efficiency (85%) in the ASEAN region. The estimated average efficiency score of the ASEAN region was around 90%, ranging from 85% to 96%, indicating that there is still 10% room for improvement in energy efficiency. Second, this study employed the panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to explore the short run and long run impact of technically derived energy efficiency on ecological footprint in the ASEAN region. Results of the panel ARDL model show that energy efficiency is a reducing factor of ecological footprint in the long run. Moreover, energy efficiency plays a significant role to control the environmental contaminations. In addition, results of this study also explored that urbanization is an increasing factor of ecological footprint, and investment in agriculture is also beneficial for the environment. Moreover, to obtain the directional nature of the associations between the ecological footprint and its independent variables, this paper has employed the paired-panel Granger causality test. The results of the paired wise panel Granger causality test also confirm that the energy efficiency, urbanization, and investment in agriculture cause ecological footprint. Finally, this study recommends that efficient utilization of energy resources as well as investment in agriculture are necessary for sustainable environment.

ACS Style

Dilawar Khan; Muhammad Nouman; József Popp; Muhammad Khan; Faheem Ur Rehman; Judit Oláh. Link between Technically Derived Energy Efficiency and Ecological Footprint: Empirical Evidence from the ASEAN Region. Energies 2021, 14, 3923 .

AMA Style

Dilawar Khan, Muhammad Nouman, József Popp, Muhammad Khan, Faheem Ur Rehman, Judit Oláh. Link between Technically Derived Energy Efficiency and Ecological Footprint: Empirical Evidence from the ASEAN Region. Energies. 2021; 14 (13):3923.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dilawar Khan; Muhammad Nouman; József Popp; Muhammad Khan; Faheem Ur Rehman; Judit Oláh. 2021. "Link between Technically Derived Energy Efficiency and Ecological Footprint: Empirical Evidence from the ASEAN Region." Energies 14, no. 13: 3923.

Journal article
Published: 12 May 2021 in Sustainability
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Whether better infrastructure influences Chinese export sophistication (ES) and diversification (ED) is an important question, which surprisingly remains unaddressed. The current study contributes to the ES and ED literature by capturing the symmetric and asymmetric effect of infrastructure on ES and ED. We employ a robust dynamically simulated autoregressive distributed lag (DYS-ARDL) dynamic method, which is an extended version of NARDL and ARDL. The major aim of this new DYS-ARDL dynamic approach was to abolish the issue in orthodox ARDL model approach while examining the long-run and short-run. The new dynamic DYS-ARDL model is accomplished in estimating, stimulating, and robotically plotting predictions of counterfactual alterations in one explanatory variable and its impact on the dependent variable while holding the remaining regressors constant. Furthermore, this new method of DYS-ARDL model can estimate, stimulate, and plot to forecast graphs of positive and negative variations in the variables robotically as well as their short and long-run associations. Interestingly, the results of this study witness the presence of long-run relationship between infrastructure and ES and ED in China. The present study shows that better infrastructure will be more beneficial for Chinese ED and ES.

ACS Style

Faheem Ur Rehman; Ejaz Ahmad; Muhammad Khan; József Popp; Judit Oláh. Does Trade Related Sectoral Infrastructure Make Chinese Exports More Sophisticated and Diversified? Sustainability 2021, 13, 5408 .

AMA Style

Faheem Ur Rehman, Ejaz Ahmad, Muhammad Khan, József Popp, Judit Oláh. Does Trade Related Sectoral Infrastructure Make Chinese Exports More Sophisticated and Diversified? Sustainability. 2021; 13 (10):5408.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Faheem Ur Rehman; Ejaz Ahmad; Muhammad Khan; József Popp; Judit Oláh. 2021. "Does Trade Related Sectoral Infrastructure Make Chinese Exports More Sophisticated and Diversified?" Sustainability 13, no. 10: 5408.

Journal article
Published: 22 April 2021 in Journal of Risk and Financial Management
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The available research literature on stock performance has primarily stressed the importance of asset price theories, macroeconomic and microeconomic, and institutional differences. However, there is still an open question: Are there any other factors those influence stock performance? This research aims to answer this question by providing new insights into industry factors along with country-level and firm-specific factors in conjunction with the stock performance of the non-financial sector firms listed at the Pakistan Stock Exchange. The study provides new insights into the prevailing research literature by considering an emerging economy, Pakistan. We find that non-financial sector firms are heterogeneous, suggesting applying a fixed effect approach for reliable estimation. To investigate the issue, data from 80 companies spanning 17 years (2004–2020) were analyzed with a fixed-effect model. Our study results revealed that firm tangibility, munificence, gross domestic product, inflation and money supply have negative, while size, growth, dynamism, Herfindahl–Hirschman index, exchange rate and oil prices have a positive relationship with financial performance. The results are robust under alternative estimation approaches and offer useful policy implications.

ACS Style

Mirza Naseer; Muhammad Khan; József Popp; Judit Oláh. Firm, Industry and Macroeconomics Dynamics of Stock Returns: A Case of Pakistan Non-Financial Sector. Journal of Risk and Financial Management 2021, 14, 190 .

AMA Style

Mirza Naseer, Muhammad Khan, József Popp, Judit Oláh. Firm, Industry and Macroeconomics Dynamics of Stock Returns: A Case of Pakistan Non-Financial Sector. Journal of Risk and Financial Management. 2021; 14 (5):190.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mirza Naseer; Muhammad Khan; József Popp; Judit Oláh. 2021. "Firm, Industry and Macroeconomics Dynamics of Stock Returns: A Case of Pakistan Non-Financial Sector." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 5: 190.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2021 in Economics & Sociology
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ACS Style

Sándor Zsarnóczai; József Popp; Jaroslav Belás; Sándor Kovács. Developments in the income situation of the agricultural sector in selected the EU member states. Economics & Sociology 2021, 14, 232 -248.

AMA Style

Sándor Zsarnóczai, József Popp, Jaroslav Belás, Sándor Kovács. Developments in the income situation of the agricultural sector in selected the EU member states. Economics & Sociology. 2021; 14 (1):232-248.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sándor Zsarnóczai; József Popp; Jaroslav Belás; Sándor Kovács. 2021. "Developments in the income situation of the agricultural sector in selected the EU member states." Economics & Sociology 14, no. 1: 232-248.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2021 in E+M Ekonomie a Management
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Each region/country seeks to become more efficient to gain the confidence of potential investors. Most of the Asian economies are categorized as emerging markets, where the role of financial markets has even become more intensified to provide financial services to increasing economic and financial activities. Asian financial market has momentously suffered during the Asian, and global financial crisis. The mass destruction was mainly caused due to the mounting uncertainty, which spillover throughout the region, where investors lost their confidence. Considering the pivotal economic role of financial markets, and implications evolve due to sovereign credit rating announcements, this study aims to model the role of sovereign credit rating announcements by Standard and Poor’s, and Moody’s on financial market development of the Asian region. For 24 Asian countries/regions, we perform a regression analysis on sovereign credit rating changes based on financial market development index and its factors. The findings of Driscoll Kraay’s robust estimator reveals that improvement in sovereign credit rating score enhances the financial market development in the region. Moreover, we applied several robustness checks, such as alternative estimators, alternative measures, and three sub-dimensions of financial market development. According to the findings from these robustness checks, the positive impact of sovereign credit ratings on financial market development in the region is robust. Unlike prior literature (which is confined to the event study approach), this study utilizes the historical grades to establish the relationship under the standard error clustering approach. Due to the diversity of investors’ speculations, we propose a micro-level extension of the present model to overcome a difference in country policy.

ACS Style

Khansa Pervaiz; Zuzana Virglerová; Muhammad Asif Khan; Usman Akbar; József Popp. Sovereign Credit Ratings and Asian Financial Markets. E+M Ekonomie a Management 2021, 24, 165 -181.

AMA Style

Khansa Pervaiz, Zuzana Virglerová, Muhammad Asif Khan, Usman Akbar, József Popp. Sovereign Credit Ratings and Asian Financial Markets. E+M Ekonomie a Management. 2021; 24 (1):165-181.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khansa Pervaiz; Zuzana Virglerová; Muhammad Asif Khan; Usman Akbar; József Popp. 2021. "Sovereign Credit Ratings and Asian Financial Markets." E+M Ekonomie a Management 24, no. 1: 165-181.

Journal article
Published: 18 February 2021 in Agronomy
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Today’s agricultural management decisions impact food security and sustainable ecosystems, even when operating with back-to-basic operations. In such endeavors, policymakers usually need a quantitative tool, such as trade-offs margins, to effectively adjust resource consumption or production. This paper applies the weighted slack-based measurement (SBM-DEA) program to 136 developing countries’ agricultural performance. First, it finds the current agricultural efficiency and then makes marginal trade-offs on desirable-output variables (such as crop yield and forest area) to see the effective changes in undesirable-output (such as methane and nitrous oxide emissions). The results show that choosing effective marginal trade-offs does not deteriorate the relative efficiency of the decision-making units (DMUs) below the efficient frontier line. Thus, such a method enables the decision-makers to determine the best marginal trade-off points to reach the optimal efficiencies and decide which output factor needs special brainstorming to design effective policy.

ACS Style

Tong Ji; Ali Raza; Usman Akbar; Masood Ahmed; József Popp; Judit Oláh. Marginal Trade-Offs for Improved Agro-Ecological Efficiency Using Data Envelopment Analysis. Agronomy 2021, 11, 365 .

AMA Style

Tong Ji, Ali Raza, Usman Akbar, Masood Ahmed, József Popp, Judit Oláh. Marginal Trade-Offs for Improved Agro-Ecological Efficiency Using Data Envelopment Analysis. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (2):365.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tong Ji; Ali Raza; Usman Akbar; Masood Ahmed; József Popp; Judit Oláh. 2021. "Marginal Trade-Offs for Improved Agro-Ecological Efficiency Using Data Envelopment Analysis." Agronomy 11, no. 2: 365.

Journal article
Published: 07 February 2021 in Foods
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In order to meet the rising global demand for food and to ensure food security in line with the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goal 2, technological advances have been introduced in the food production industry. The organic food industry has benefitted from advances in food technology and innovation. However, there remains skepticism regarding organic foods on the part of consumers, specifically on consumers’ acceptance of food innovation technologies used in the production of organic foods. This study measured factors that influence consumers’ food innovation adoption and subsequently their intention to purchase organic foods. We compared the organic foods purchase behavior of Malaysian and Hungarian consumers to examine differences between Asian and European consumers. The findings show food innovation adoption as the most crucial predictor for the intention to purchase organic foods in Hungary, while social lifestyle factor was the most influential in Malaysia. Other factors such as environmental concerns and health consciousness were also examined in relation to food innovation adoption and organic food consumerism. This paper discusses differences between European and Asian organic foods consumers and provides recommendations for stakeholders.

ACS Style

Robert Jeyakumar Nathan; Soekmawati; Vijay Victor; József Popp; Mária Fekete-Farkas; Judit Oláh. Food Innovation Adoption and Organic Food Consumerism—A Cross National Study between Malaysia and Hungary. Foods 2021, 10, 363 .

AMA Style

Robert Jeyakumar Nathan, Soekmawati, Vijay Victor, József Popp, Mária Fekete-Farkas, Judit Oláh. Food Innovation Adoption and Organic Food Consumerism—A Cross National Study between Malaysia and Hungary. Foods. 2021; 10 (2):363.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert Jeyakumar Nathan; Soekmawati; Vijay Victor; József Popp; Mária Fekete-Farkas; Judit Oláh. 2021. "Food Innovation Adoption and Organic Food Consumerism—A Cross National Study between Malaysia and Hungary." Foods 10, no. 2: 363.

Journal article
Published: 10 January 2021 in Sustainability
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Agricultural sector is significant for Sub-Saharan African countries and is highly exposed and sensitive to climate change. This study aims to investigate the overall long-run impacts of temperature and precipitation on agricultural growth in 32 Sub-Saharan African countries. As proposed by Chudik and Pesaran, our estimations are based on augmented autoregressive distributed lag(ARDL) modelling and panel estimators with multifactor error structures. We estimate the “dynamic common correlated long-run effects (DCCE)” through the cross-sectionally augmented distributed lag (CS-DL) approach as well as through the cross-sectionally augmented autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL). For robustness check, we also consider the cross-sectionally augmented error correction method (CS-ECM) and the common dynamic process augmented mean group (AMG). The study suggests that rising temperatures have significantly developed a negative long-term relationship with the agricultural growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. At the same time, the long-run effect of precipitation is less important and not statistically significant in most estimations. According to the CS-DL approach, the negative impact of a 1°Crise in temperature could be as high as a 4.2 to 4.7 percentage point decrease in the agricultural growth rate. The results indicate that the warming climate has considerably damaged the agrarian activities in Sub-Saharan Africa, necessitating adaptive climate measures to avoid any food scarcity or economic stagnation in agricultural driven African countries.

ACS Style

Mirza Talib; Masood Ahmed; Mirza Naseer; Beata Slusarczyk; József Popp. The Long-Run Impacts of Temperature and Rainfall on Agricultural Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. Sustainability 2021, 13, 595 .

AMA Style

Mirza Talib, Masood Ahmed, Mirza Naseer, Beata Slusarczyk, József Popp. The Long-Run Impacts of Temperature and Rainfall on Agricultural Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (2):595.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mirza Talib; Masood Ahmed; Mirza Naseer; Beata Slusarczyk; József Popp. 2021. "The Long-Run Impacts of Temperature and Rainfall on Agricultural Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa." Sustainability 13, no. 2: 595.

Journal article
Published: 20 November 2020 in Mathematics
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Since the introduction of the measure of economic policy uncertainty, businesses, policymakers, and academic scholars closely monitor its momentum due to expected economic implications. The US is the world’s top-ranked equity market by size, and prior literature on policy uncertainty and stock prices for the US is conflicting. In this study, we reexamine the policy uncertainty and stock price nexus from the US perspective, using a novel dynamically simulated autoregressive distributed lag setting introduced in 2018, which appears superior to traditional models. The empirical findings document a negative response of stock prices to 10% positive/negative shock in policy uncertainty in the short-run, while in the long-run, an increase in policy uncertainty by 10% reduces the stock prices, which increases in response to a decrease with the same magnitude. Moreover, we empirically identified two significant thresholds: (1) policy score of 4.89 (original score 132.39), which negatively explain stock prices with high magnitude, and (2) policy score 4.48 (original score 87.98), which explains stock prices negatively with a relatively low magnitude, and interestingly, policy changes below the second threshold become irrelevant to explain stock prices in the United States. It is worth noting that all indices are not equally exposed to unfavorable policy changes. The overall findings are robust to the alternative measures of policy uncertainty and stock prices and offer useful policy input. The limitations of the study and future line of research are also highlighted. All in all, the policy uncertainty is an indicator that shall remain ever-important due to its nature and implication on the various sectors of the economy (the equity market in particular).

ACS Style

Muhammad Asif Khan; Masood Ahmed; József Popp; Judit Oláh. US Policy Uncertainty and Stock Market Nexus Revisited through Dynamic ARDL Simulation and Threshold Modelling. Mathematics 2020, 8, 2073 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Asif Khan, Masood Ahmed, József Popp, Judit Oláh. US Policy Uncertainty and Stock Market Nexus Revisited through Dynamic ARDL Simulation and Threshold Modelling. Mathematics. 2020; 8 (11):2073.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Asif Khan; Masood Ahmed; József Popp; Judit Oláh. 2020. "US Policy Uncertainty and Stock Market Nexus Revisited through Dynamic ARDL Simulation and Threshold Modelling." Mathematics 8, no. 11: 2073.

Journal article
Published: 22 September 2020 in Technological and Economic Development of Economy
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Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have become the main priority across the globe due to their significant role in economic growth and propensity. However, in particular, it is not yet known how governments can achieve SDGs through non-profit organisations (NPOs) by providing financial and non-financial incentives. The present study included 263 Pakistan NPOs in a primary survey using a questionnaire. The results obtained from the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) highlight that: (i) government incentives do not directly influence community development; (ii) The government non-financial incentives have a significant direct effect on environmental activities to reduce pollution, energy consumption and waste; (iii) Resource management fully mediates the paths between government incentives and community development while partially mediates environmental activities; and finally, (iv) resource management has a favourable influence both on the goals of community development and environmental activities. This research paper contributes to the knowledge in that government incentives do not have a direct influence on social development, but has an indirect influence through efficient management. Recommendations are that government and public bodies need to support NPOs to engage actively in philanthropic activities. Similarly, NPOs should efficiently utilize and manage the resources to benefit the maximum number of poor and needy individuals.

ACS Style

Muhammad Anwar; Muhammad Sualeh Khattak; József Popp; Daniel Francois Meyer; Domicián Máté. THE NEXUS OF GOVERNMENT INCENTIVES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: IS THE MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCES THE SOLUTION TO NON-PROFIT ORGANISATIONS? Technological and Economic Development of Economy 2020, 26, 1284 -1310.

AMA Style

Muhammad Anwar, Muhammad Sualeh Khattak, József Popp, Daniel Francois Meyer, Domicián Máté. THE NEXUS OF GOVERNMENT INCENTIVES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: IS THE MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCES THE SOLUTION TO NON-PROFIT ORGANISATIONS? Technological and Economic Development of Economy. 2020; 26 (6):1284-1310.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Anwar; Muhammad Sualeh Khattak; József Popp; Daniel Francois Meyer; Domicián Máté. 2020. "THE NEXUS OF GOVERNMENT INCENTIVES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: IS THE MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCES THE SOLUTION TO NON-PROFIT ORGANISATIONS?" Technological and Economic Development of Economy 26, no. 6: 1284-1310.

Journal article
Published: 25 August 2020 in Nutrients
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It is evident that the modification of dietary patterns is a necessary precondition of disease prevention and health improvement. Changing nutritional habits also has deep-rooted consequences on the environmental burden. The majority of similar previous studies have analyzed the change in greenhouse gas emissions against theoretical modifications in current food consumption. The analysis on the effect of diet on the water footprint is also gaining in importance, since water supply is a critical global issue. Based on current nutritional patterns of a Central European country—Hungary—as well as dietary recommendations and scientific literature, we generated six dietary scenarios and determined the consequences of these on green (originally from precipitation) and blue (sourced from surface or groundwater) water consumption and dietary quality. Compared to the baseline scenario (current local nutritional pattern) of both genders, based on the integrated aspect of water footprint and dietary quality, the most disadvantageous scenario was the ketogenic (ca. −2% in dietary quality, +18% in blue water footprint, and +16% in green water footprint) and the most advantageous was the sustainable scenario (ca. +9% in dietary quality, −42% in green water footprint, and −29% in blue water footprint). As a summary it can be stated, that (1) there is no clear linear relationship between the “healthiness” and water footprint of different diets, but (2) a more balanced diet, which integrates nutritional and environmental considerations could decrease the environmental burden in an efficient way.

ACS Style

Orsolya Tompa; Zoltán Lakner; Judit Oláh; József Popp; Anna Kiss. Is the Sustainable Choice a Healthy Choice?—Water Footprint Consequence of Changing Dietary Patterns. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2578 .

AMA Style

Orsolya Tompa, Zoltán Lakner, Judit Oláh, József Popp, Anna Kiss. Is the Sustainable Choice a Healthy Choice?—Water Footprint Consequence of Changing Dietary Patterns. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (9):2578.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Orsolya Tompa; Zoltán Lakner; Judit Oláh; József Popp; Anna Kiss. 2020. "Is the Sustainable Choice a Healthy Choice?—Water Footprint Consequence of Changing Dietary Patterns." Nutrients 12, no. 9: 2578.

Review
Published: 08 June 2020 in Sustainability
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Industry 4.0 is a concept that originated from the German industry, and whose essence is the use of technology for efficient production. In business today, the emergence of Industry 4.0 for production, and its related technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and cyber-physical systems, amongst others, have, however, a negative impact on environmental sustainability as a result of air pollution, the poor discharge of waste, and the intensive use of raw materials, information, and energy. The method used in this study is an analysis of a literature review of manuscripts discussing topics related to Industry 4.0 and environmental sustainability published between 2000 and 2020. There is currently a gap existing between the actual and the desired situation, in that production occurs in a weak sustainability model, and, therefore, this research debates the effects on environmental sustainability and the challenges facing Industry 4.0. Four scenarios are discussed: a deployment scenario, an operation scenario, integration and compliance with sustainable development goals, and a long-run scenario. The results indicate that there is a negative relationship related to the flow of the production process from the inputs to the final product, including raw materials, energy requirements, information, and waste disposal, and their impacts on the environment. However, the integration of Industry 4.0 and the sustainable development goals enhance environmental sustainability to create ecological support that guarantees high environmental performance with a more positive impact than before. This paper will help stakeholders and companies to provide solutions to the existing environmental challenges that can be mediated through adopting new technologies. The novelty of this study is its depiction of Industry 4.0 and its technologies integrated with sustainable development goals to create a sustainable Industry 4.0 combining environmental protection and sustainability.

ACS Style

Judit Oláh; Nemer Aburumman; József Popp; Muhammad Asif Khan; Hossam Haddad; Nicodemus Kitukutha. Impact of Industry 4.0 on Environmental Sustainability. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4674 .

AMA Style

Judit Oláh, Nemer Aburumman, József Popp, Muhammad Asif Khan, Hossam Haddad, Nicodemus Kitukutha. Impact of Industry 4.0 on Environmental Sustainability. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (11):4674.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Judit Oláh; Nemer Aburumman; József Popp; Muhammad Asif Khan; Hossam Haddad; Nicodemus Kitukutha. 2020. "Impact of Industry 4.0 on Environmental Sustainability." Sustainability 12, no. 11: 4674.

Journal article
Published: 20 May 2020 in Energies
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China’s huge investment in the “belt and road initiative” (BRI) may have helped improve the economic level of participating countries, but it may also be accompanied by a substantial increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The BRI corridors aim to bring regional stability and prosperity. In such efforts, energy efficiency due to increased transport has been overlooked in the recent literature. This paper employed a data envelopment analysis of the slack-based measurement (SBM) for bad output to assess the transport energy efficiency of 19 countries under the BRI economic corridors. By using the most cited transport-related input variables, such as vehicles, labor, motor oil, jet fuel, and natural gas, this study first analyzes the transport energy efficiency by first assuming the output variables individually and then takes two years as a pre- and post-BRI case by considering the aggregated output model. The results show an increase in economic activity but a decline in transport energy efficiency in terms of consumption and emissions.

ACS Style

Usman Akbar; József Popp; Hameed Khan; Muhammad Asif Khan; Judit Oláh. Energy Efficiency in Transportation along with the Belt and Road Countries. Energies 2020, 13, 2607 .

AMA Style

Usman Akbar, József Popp, Hameed Khan, Muhammad Asif Khan, Judit Oláh. Energy Efficiency in Transportation along with the Belt and Road Countries. Energies. 2020; 13 (10):2607.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Usman Akbar; József Popp; Hameed Khan; Muhammad Asif Khan; Judit Oláh. 2020. "Energy Efficiency in Transportation along with the Belt and Road Countries." Energies 13, no. 10: 2607.

Journal article
Published: 10 May 2020 in Sustainability
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This study empirically examines the nexuses between the natural resource rent and financial development in the context of the emerging economy of Pakistan, between 1984 and 2018, by subsuming the important role of institutional quality in this context under symmetric, asymmetric, and threshold settings. The literature to date provides no evidence on the asymmetric relationship between natural resource rent and financial development, and the moderation role of institutional quality in this connection. We show that natural resource rent negatively influences financial development, whereas institutional quality boosts financial development and positively moderates the relationship in the context of Pakistan. Also, we find a single significant threshold value of 3.097 above which the relationship of resource rent-finance turns nonlinear—as up to this threshold the coefficient is 3.228, which declines slightly to 2.804 above the threshold level. This implies that regulators should maintain at least an institutional quality level of up to 3.097 to experience the most desired financial benefits of the natural resource rent in Pakistan. Moreover, the results corroborate the existence of asymmetries in the relationship between the natural resource rent and financial development. This empirical evidence provides fresh insight for stakeholders regarding ambiguous natural resource rents and financial sector development nexuses and recommends that planning organs in Pakistan and other countries in a similar development cadre should use institutional quality as a tool to avoid the resource curse and view natural resources as a blessing rather than a curse.

ACS Style

Muhammad Atif Khan; Kishwar Ali; József Popp; Judit Oláh. Natural Resource Rent and Finance: The Moderation Role of Institutions. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3897 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Atif Khan, Kishwar Ali, József Popp, Judit Oláh. Natural Resource Rent and Finance: The Moderation Role of Institutions. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (9):3897.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Atif Khan; Kishwar Ali; József Popp; Judit Oláh. 2020. "Natural Resource Rent and Finance: The Moderation Role of Institutions." Sustainability 12, no. 9: 3897.

Review
Published: 07 May 2020 in Energies
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The bioethanol sector is an extremely complex set of actors, technologies and market structures, influenced simultaneously by different natural, economic, social and political processes. That is why it lends itself to the application of system dynamics modelling. In last five years a relatively high level of experience and knowledge has accumulated related to the application of computer-aided system modelling for the analysis and forecasting of the bioethanol sector. The goal of the current paper is to offer a systematic review of the application of system dynamics models in order to better understand the structure, conduct and performance of the bioethanol sector. Our method has been the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA), based on English-language materials published between 2015 and 2020. The results highlight that system dynamic models have become more and more complex, but as a consequence of the improvement in information technology and statistical systems, as well as the increasing experience gained they offer an efficient tool for decision makers in the business and political spheres. In the future, the combination of traditional system dynamics modelling and agent-based models will offer new perspectives for the preparation of more sophisticated description and forecasting.

ACS Style

Judit Oláh; Eszter Krisán; Anna Kiss; Zoltán Lakner; József Popp. PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews of the Bioethanol Sector. Energies 2020, 13, 2323 .

AMA Style

Judit Oláh, Eszter Krisán, Anna Kiss, Zoltán Lakner, József Popp. PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews of the Bioethanol Sector. Energies. 2020; 13 (9):2323.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Judit Oláh; Eszter Krisán; Anna Kiss; Zoltán Lakner; József Popp. 2020. "PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews of the Bioethanol Sector." Energies 13, no. 9: 2323.

Journal article
Published: 27 April 2020 in Sustainability
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Considering the importance of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows for the sustainable economic advancement of a host country, this paper investigates the financial development and FDI nexus, using institutional quality as a moderator. The sample consists of 79 Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) partner countries, as these countries are entering a new age of integration, foreign trade, and mutual development. The empirical findings of conventional and robust estimators show that the financial development of BRI host countries significantly attracts FDI, while the institutional quality plays a significant moderating role in this relation. The in-depth analysis offers the insight that financial markets are less attractive to FDI relative to financial institutions. Thus, policymakers are advised to uphold sound financial institutions to make the country more attractive to overseas investors, while concentration on financial markets may multiply the benefits of FDI. The results are robust to alternative proxies of the key variables and alternative methodologies.

ACS Style

Mollah Aminul Islam; Muhammad Asif Khan; József Popp; Wlodzimierz Sroka; Judit Oláh. Financial Development and Foreign Direct Investment—The Moderating Role of Quality Institutions. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3556 .

AMA Style

Mollah Aminul Islam, Muhammad Asif Khan, József Popp, Wlodzimierz Sroka, Judit Oláh. Financial Development and Foreign Direct Investment—The Moderating Role of Quality Institutions. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (9):3556.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mollah Aminul Islam; Muhammad Asif Khan; József Popp; Wlodzimierz Sroka; Judit Oláh. 2020. "Financial Development and Foreign Direct Investment—The Moderating Role of Quality Institutions." Sustainability 12, no. 9: 3556.