Oral health status may affect physical and sports performance. The purpose of this study was to assess the oral health status and oral health habits of elite athletes according to the performed sports type. A sample of 186 elite athletes divided into individual sports (n = 74; 53 men and 21 women; 24.9 ± 9.3 years) and team sports (n = 112; 97 men and 15 women; 24.5 ± 4.8 years) participated in the study. The decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (DMFT), the oral health impact profile (OHIP), and the diet assessment of caries risk (DACR) were evaluated to assess their oral health status. Athletes in individual modalities had a lower number in total teeth, healthy teeth, and restoration index (p < 0.05). Furthermore, this group showed a greater number of missing (p < 0.001) and decayed teeth (p < 0.05) and a greater DMFT index (p < 0.001). A relationship between sports modality and prevalence of malocclusions (p < 0.01), periodontal plaque (p < 0.05), and the habit of consuming energy drinks (p < 0.05) was also highlighted. Elite athletes who compete in individual sports presented a worse oral situation.

Background: Research in dental science reveals a need for enhanced oral healthcare among elite athletes due to the stress generated by excessive exercise. Consideration of the inherent biological distinctions between men and women is crucial in sports dentistry. Objectives: Thus, this study aims to analyse the differences in oral health status among elite athletes based on gender. A total of 186 elite athletes (150 men and 36 women) recognised in the region of Aragon (Spain) participated in this study (mean age 24.99 ± 9.34), all of whom practise individual sports. Methods: Oral health status analysis included: periodontal, malocclusion and tooth status measured using the restoration index (RI) and the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index. Results: Women had fewer teeth, a lower restoration index (p < 0.05) and lower DMFT index values (p < 0.001); furthermore, this group showed a greater number of missing teeth (p < 0.001) and decayed teeth (p < 0.05). There were no statistical differences in malocclusion, plaque, gingival bleeding, dental erosion or bruxism values between the genders. Mouthguard usage was low (men = 9.4% vs. women = 14.3%; p = 0.57). Conclusions: This study highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach to address the high prevalence of oral health issues among elite athletes, despite the differences in health status between men and women.

Iberoam J Med, vol.2, n4, p.261-267, 2020

Background: Children who have been abused could exhibit lesions and diseases in their oral cavity and develop psychological consequences towards the dentist-patient relationship. Objectives: Analyse the oral lesions and diseases, the psychological consequences and understand the role of the dentist in the detection and notification of child abuse. Methods: Systematic review, according to PRISMA statement, with two search strategies in the MEDLINE/PubMed database. 19 publications were included after the application of selection and eligibility criteria. Results: Physical-abuse-related lesions and Münchausen syndrome are not pathognomonic; this requires the detection of indicators of suspicion. Physical-neglect diseases usually have associated other chronic health problems. Specifically, diseases related to sexual abuse are the oral infection caused by Treponema pallidum and Neisseria gonorrhoeae; while other lesions and diseases might only suggest abuse. The most frequent psychological sign of child abuse in the dentist-patient relationship is dental phobia. Typically, when detecting and notifying, dentist face the following barriers: insufficient information; fear of wrong suspicion; impact in the professional practice; fear of consequences on the minor; fear of violence against the dentist; lack of knowledge of necessary documents/procedures; fear of judicial statement. Conclusions: Child-abuse-related lesions and diseases often appear in the oral region. Dentists play a fundamental role in the detection and notification of those. It is essential to establish training and action protocols as well as reliance strategies in the patient-dentist relationship.

En las dos últimas décadas se ha producido un crecimiento exponencial de la distribución y disponibilidad de material pornográfico infantil en Internet y las redes sociales. La comunidad médica está involucrada con la asistencia a las autoridades investigadoras en relación con la estimación de la edad y la madurez sexual de las presuntas víctimas.Objetivo: Determinar la eficacia del uso de las etapas de Tanner como método para estimar la edad cronológica en presuntos casos de pornografía infantil basada en la evidencia publicada.Material y Método: Estudio de revisión sistemática en las bases de datos PubMed y Scopus siguiendo directrices PRISMA. Se identificaron los artículos que describen el resultado del uso de las etapas de Tanner para estimar la edad cronológica en presuntos casos de pornografía infantil. Para el cribado se consideraron los escritos en inglés o español publicados desde el 1 de enero de 2000 hasta el 30 de abril de 2020. De los artículos finalmente incluidos se extrajeron los siguientes datos: tipo de estudio; material y métodos utilizados; ítems de Tanner examinados; características de los evaluadores; resultados; edad cronológica estimada versus la edad real; variaciones dependientes del observador (sesgo); conclusiones.Resultados: Se incluyeron siete estudios. Tres eran revisiones de la literatura y cuatro estudios de casos con testimonio de expertos y sesgo de los observadores. Este método es ineficaz cuando la presunta víctima, para ambos sexos, muestra una maduración sexual en las etapas 3-5 de Tanner. En las etapas 1-2 puede ser útil para testificar que la víctima es menor de 18 años, pero no para determinar su edad cronológica.Conclusión: La evidencia científica desaconseja el uso de las etapas de Tanner para estimar la edad cronológica de la víctima a partir de imágenes en supuestos casos de pornografía infantil. Los pediatras, y otros profesionales de la medicina, deben evitar emitir un testimonio que no tenga una base científica.

Introduction: Oral and dental (OD) disorders in children with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) are frequent but not well-known by dentists and pediatricians due to the syndrome being extremely rare. Objective: To describe the OD findings observed in a 5-year-old girl with RTS and to update the literature. Clinical case: The patient presented the following OD manifestations: prominent lower lip, narrow mouth opening, narrow and arched palate, history of angular cheilitis, micrognathia, poor lingual motility, plaque and tartar, bleeding from gingival areas due to poor dental prophylaxis, and malocclusion in the form of an anterior open bite. These OD manifestations are seen in more than 40-60% of patients with RTS. Conclusions: Professionals who treat children with RTS should become aware of the advisability of referring them to the pediatric dentist from 1 year of age and performing check-ups every 6 months. Dental management is often difficult so collaboration with anesthesiologists is recommended in order to carry out a safe and effective treatment.