Objectives. The study aimed to investigate the psychosocial predictors of bruxism. The association of various psychosocial factors such as alexithymia, emotional processing, state and trait anxiety, and stress with awake bruxism was analysed.Methods. The study involved 52 volunteers diagnosed with awake bruxism. The toolkit that was used included the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Emotional Processing Scale (EPS), the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and the State- and Trait-Anxiety Inventory (STAI), with independent individual psychological diagnoses being made for every patient. The results were statistically analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 24.Results. The obtained data clearly show that psychological traits—both permanent dispositions (e.g., state anxiety and alexithymia) and temporary states (e.g., trait anxiety, emotional processing deficits, and psychological stress)—are significant determinants of awake bruxism. The percentage of explained variance indicates the presence of other factors as well.Conclusions. Psychosocial factors such as state anxiety and trait anxiety, alexithymia, and perceived stress are as important as somatic causes in the occurrence and maintenance of awake bruxism. The profile of the obtained data suggests the possibility of preventing or minimizing the symptoms of awake bruxism through properly constructed psychoprophylactic interactions.

Background: Due to the nature of their work, paramedics face an increased risk of developing a post-traumatic stress disorder. The main goal of this research project was to point out specific correlates of post-traumatic stress. The authors decided to approach that issue from the perspective of...

Aim: The main purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between alexithymia, stress at work, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in impact emergency call center operators working in Poland (province of Greater Poland). The risk of exposure to critical life events was also considered. Methods: Data were collected using self-report questionnaires administered after dispatchers’ shifts. The emergency call center operators (N = 66) completed the Impact of Event Scale—Revised, 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Workplace Perceived Stress Questionnaire, and a questionnaire measuring the frequency and intensity of potentially traumatic events faced by emergency operators (a questionnaire developed by the authors). Results: Twenty of the most frequent events (e.g., child sexual harassment, rape, etc.) were identified. Results indicated that post-traumatic stress positively correlated with (a) work-related stress and (b) one aspect of alexithymia: difficulty expressing feelings. Additionally, work-related stress was identified as a mediator for the relation between alexithymia and the intensity of post-traumatic stress. Conclusions: The results of this study confirm that emergency operators are a high-risk group for the development of PTSD. The study results suggest that performing the work of an emergency dispatcher is not only demanding but also inherently involves participation in potentially traumatic events (as encountered through emergency calls).

Pain accompanying medical procedures can be considered in the “mind-body” problem of accounting for and describing the relationship between mental and physical processes (psyche and soma). Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the severity of pain among patients undergoing a minihysteroscopy procedure under local anesthesia using the “GUBBINI SYSTEM” (GUBBINI Mini Hystero-Resectoscope; Tontarra Medizintechnik, Tuttlingen, Germany) and to assess the association of various covariates with pain during the procedure, including patient emotional state. Methods: This study included 171 patients admitted to the Center for Hysteroscopy under Local Anesthesia at the Heliodor Święcicki Gynecological and Obstetrical Clinical Hospital of the Karol Marcinkowski Medical University in Poznań, Poland, for hysteroscopic treatment under local anesthesia (paracervical, using lignocaine). The Center for Hysteroscopy is the first certified “CENTER OF EXCELLENCE” of The International Society for Gynecologic Endoscopy (ISGE) in Poland. Results: A positive relationship was observed between alexithymia and its trait of difficulty identifying emotions and pain, as well as between perceived pain and one of the deficits of emotional processing—signs of unprocessed emotion. Conclusions: In conclusion, before the hysteroscopy, adequate information and counseling related to the procedure can effectively reduce the pain and anxiety levels of the women, and nurses can navigate this stressful process. Providing education and counseling to all women undergoing hysteroscopy, and explaining the procedure in detail, should be the preferred approach.

The meaning of emotions and the meaning of words- emotions’ labels are described in studiem about emotions. Although there are some differences between these two domains, most studies about understanding emotions use lexical approach. On the other hand, the nonspecific limits inspired by language can be noticed in the area of changes in emotion meaning. Two studies were conducted and metaheuristic postulates were involved with the aim of breaking these limits. The denotation and emotional complexity were examined/analyzed in the first study. In the second study the atypical connotations taken from the psychology of creativity were used. The outcomes were discussed in relation to abstraction and metaphor as a result it is possible to go beyond literal understanding of emotions and express emotions verbally.

Niniejsza praca przedstawia wstępne badania oparte na 6-wymiarowym kulturowym modelu Hofstede, które dotyczą porównania zależności pomiędzy poczuciem umiejscowienia kontroli, poziomem samooceny, sposobem regulacji emocji oraz strategiami radzenia sobie ze stresem u Polaków i Amerykanów (pochodzących ze Stanów Zjednoczonych). Założono, że osoby badane pochodzące z Polski będą się znacząco różnić pod względem przedstawionych konstruktów psychologicznych od osób badanych pochodzących ze Stanów Zjednoczonych. Spodziewano się również wystąpienia korelacji pomiędzy badanymi zmiennymi w danym kraju. W badaniu wykorzystano: Kwestionariusz Regulacji Emocji, Skalę Samooceny, Wielowymiarowy Inwentarz do Pomiaru Radzenia Sobie ze Stresem, Kwestionariusz Poczucia Umiejscowienia Kontroli. W wyniku analizy statystycznej uzyskanych wyników stwierdzono, że większość przyjętych hipotez badawczych nie została potwierdzona. Z tego powodu wyciągnięto wniosek, że Polacy i Amerykanie nie różnią się znacząco w rozpatrywanych obszarach, co z kolei może mieć długoterminowe konsekwencje dla percepcji tych krajów. Dokonano też interpretacji uzyskanych wyników w odniesieniu do specyfiki wartości wymiarów oszacowanych przez Hofstede dla Polski, ograniczeń metodologicznych oraz szeroko rozumianych zmian kulturowych.