This paper advances knowledge and understanding of the relationships between risk management, climate change adaptation and spatial planning as good territorial governance practices. The aim is to present evidence on how risks and their management are progressively being integrated into national planning systems in order to reduce territorial vulnerability and costs related to natural events in the European context. This paper is based on the ESPON-TITAN project which focuses mainly on flood events that occurred in Rotterdam, Prague, the Po river basin, Pori, Andalucia, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Dresden and the Alpine region. The paper reviews the literature and planning instruments applied in the selected case studies, as well as interviews with key stakeholders and decision makers. The results confirm the hypothesis that traditional disaster management is evolving towards Disaster Risk Management, clearly recognizing that Climate Change modifies and increases threats. Data on the consequences of natural disasters support the desirability of a proactive rather than a reactive approach, highlighting the crucial role of planning. The resulting governance is more "functional" than "territorial", leaving room for further advances and innovations such as territorial and multi-risk perspective, partnerships and civil society participation, and soft versus traditional hard or engineering solutions.

The entrepreneurial intention is of great importance as an immediate antecedent of entrepreneurship, understood as a key to explain future regional economic development in emerging countries. There is a growing interest from academia about the entrepreneurial intention of university students from emerging countries. This study addresses, in an exploratory way, the combined effect of three internal variables affected by the environment (perceived insecurity, corruption perception, and subjective norm) and two sociodemographic variables (household income and gender) and their impact on the entrepreneurial intention of university students. A sample of students (N = 380; male = 185; female = 195) from the Technological University of the State of Zacatecas (Mexico) is used and a causal model is proposed following the fsQCA configurational methodology. This study highlights the gender gap that affects women even in the stage that precedes the act of entrepreneurship as well as the importance of having financial resources. Also, the results show how citizen security facilitates the development of entrepreneurial intention and the need of improving the formal procedures surrounding entrepreneurship to reduce the facilitating effect of corruption. Finally, the findings support the important role of subjective norm. From a cognitive point of view, a configurational approach is addressed to explain the effect on entrepreneurial intention of phenomena that are strongly prevalent in the Latin America and the Caribbean region, such as gender inequality, citizen insecurity, corruption, and poverty.

Entrepreneurship is the basis of the production network, and thus a key to territorial development. In this line, entrepreneurial intention has been pointed out as an indicator of latent entrepreneurship. In this article, the entrepreneurial intention of university students is studied from a configurational approach, allowing the study of the combined effect of corruption perception, corruption normalization, gender, university career area, and family entrepreneurial background to explain high levels of entrepreneurial intention. The model was tested with the fsQCA methodology according to two samples of students grouped according to their household income (medium and high level: N = 180; low level: N = 200). Stress tests were run to confirm the robustness of the results. This study highlights the negative impact produced by corruption among university students’ entrepreneurial intention. Furthermore, the importance of family entrepreneurial background for specific archetypes like female, STEM, and low household income students is pointed out, as well as the importance of implementing education programs for entrepreneurship in higher education, and more specifically in STEM areas. Policies focused on facilitating the access to financial resources for female students and low household income students, and specific programs to foster female entrepreneurship, are also recommended.