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Dr. Johannes Flacke
University of Twente, The Netherlands

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0 Citizen Participation
0 Urban Planning
0 global south
0 Environment and Health
0 Planning support tools

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Urban Planning
global south
Planning support tools

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Journal article
Published: 29 July 2021 in ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
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This study investigated the role of participatory village maps in strengthening the Musrenbang, an annual multi-stakeholder public consultation forum to discuss development issues and plans in Indonesia. We evaluated the Musrenbang in five villages in Deli Serdang District after conducting participatory mapping workshops to produce village maps to inform the Musrenbang process. Our results show that communication between Musrenbang participants improved because the maps provided a clear definition of the village administrative area, geospatial data as resources for participation, transparency, and a dynamic deliberative process. Collaboration was also evident as the maps enabled participants to exchange knowledge, experience social learning, and have greater influence on the decision-making process. Despite the benefits, some issues impeded the optimal use of the village maps to support the participatory process in the Musrenbang. The maps could not completely overcome the power disparities between Musrenbang participants. Certain actors still dominated the implementation of the Musrenbang, making the deliberative process inaccessible to and less inclusive of some local stakeholders. Several improvements are urgently needed to optimise the use of participatory village maps and enhance Musrenbang implementation.

ACS Style

Aulia Akbar; Johannes Flacke; Javier Martinez; Martin van Maarseveen. The Role of Participatory Village Maps in Strengthening Public Participation Practice. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2021, 10, 512 .

AMA Style

Aulia Akbar, Johannes Flacke, Javier Martinez, Martin van Maarseveen. The Role of Participatory Village Maps in Strengthening Public Participation Practice. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2021; 10 (8):512.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aulia Akbar; Johannes Flacke; Javier Martinez; Martin van Maarseveen. 2021. "The Role of Participatory Village Maps in Strengthening Public Participation Practice." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 8: 512.

Journal article
Published: 30 December 2020 in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems
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Maptables are increasingly used to support collaborative spatial planning processes. Despite the proven benefits and claimed potential of using a maptable in such processes, software applications specifically designed for this device are still scarce. Moreover, often-used applications do not fully exploit the touch functionality of a maptable, or have low usability. To address this gap, we developed and evaluated the Open Geospatial Interactive TOol (OGITO), an open-source software application designed to support collaborative spatial planning processes with a maptable. To develop such tool, we combined human-centred design and Agile software development principles in a co-design effort with intended users and stakeholders. Through iterative development cycles and feedback from users, OGITO was evolved until it satisfied user expectations. In a case study on community mapping in Sumatra, Indonesia, a sample of users evaluated OGITO's usability. Case study participants reported high satisfaction with this tool for the tasks and context given. Our research shows the added value of iterative development and user feedback for improving and further development of the tool's usability and functionality.

ACS Style

Rosa Aguilar; Luis Calisto; Johannes Flacke; Aulia Akbar; Karin Pfeffer. OGITO, an Open Geospatial Interactive Tool to support collaborative spatial planning with a maptable. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 2020, 86, 101591 .

AMA Style

Rosa Aguilar, Luis Calisto, Johannes Flacke, Aulia Akbar, Karin Pfeffer. OGITO, an Open Geospatial Interactive Tool to support collaborative spatial planning with a maptable. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems. 2020; 86 ():101591.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rosa Aguilar; Luis Calisto; Johannes Flacke; Aulia Akbar; Karin Pfeffer. 2020. "OGITO, an Open Geospatial Interactive Tool to support collaborative spatial planning with a maptable." Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 86, no. : 101591.

Journal article
Published: 26 August 2020 in ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
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Geospatial data is urgently needed in decision-making processes to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at global, national, regional and local scales. While the advancement of geo-technologies to obtain or produce geospatial data has become faster and more affordable, many countries in the global south still experience a geospatial data scarcity at the rural level due to complex geographical terrains, weak coordination among institutions and a lack of knowledge and technologies to produce visualised geospatial data like maps. We proposed a collaborative spatial learning framework that integrates the spatial knowledge of stakeholders to obtain geospatial data. By conducting participatory mapping workshops in three villages in the Deli Serdang district in Indonesia, we tested the framework in terms of facilitating communication and collaboration of the village stakeholders while also supporting knowledge co-production and social learning among them. Satellite images were used in digital and non-digital mapping workshops to support village stakeholders to produce proper village maps while fulfilling the SDGs’ emphasis to make geospatial data available through a participatory approach.

ACS Style

Aulia Akbar; Johannes Flacke; Javier Martinez; Rosa Aguilar; Martin F. A. M. van Maarseveen. Knowing My Village from the Sky: A Collaborative Spatial Learning Framework to Integrate Spatial Knowledge of Stakeholders in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2020, 9, 515 .

AMA Style

Aulia Akbar, Johannes Flacke, Javier Martinez, Rosa Aguilar, Martin F. A. M. van Maarseveen. Knowing My Village from the Sky: A Collaborative Spatial Learning Framework to Integrate Spatial Knowledge of Stakeholders in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2020; 9 (9):515.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aulia Akbar; Johannes Flacke; Javier Martinez; Rosa Aguilar; Martin F. A. M. van Maarseveen. 2020. "Knowing My Village from the Sky: A Collaborative Spatial Learning Framework to Integrate Spatial Knowledge of Stakeholders in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 9: 515.

Journal article
Published: 29 July 2020 in Global Transitions
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Spatial planning systems at local and regional levels are often not well-adapted to the growth of small-scale and local social innovations in renewable energy. Participatory decision support tools have been developed to support the implementation of many areas of environmental policy, but are less common in energy contexts. In response to this knowledge gap, we discuss, compare and contrast the participatory development of two different types of digital support tools for the cases of Spain and the Netherlands, leading to insights into the characteristics that local-level stakeholders find particularly desirable. We adopt an integrative approach, hybridizing implementation theory and action research for, respectively, analysis of implementation characteristics of key actors, and knowledge co-construction with participant stakeholders. The tools developed represent two extremes of the spatial decision support tool spectrum, a simple touchscreen application on the one hand (COLLAGE) and a more complicated spatial model on the other (APoLUS). COLLAGE was used and well-liked by stakeholders, whereas APoLUS was not adopted by the participant group, who nevertheless contributed much essential information to its development. We identify eight key differences between the two tools which shed light on the nature of bottom-up energy transition processes: 1: Target users; 2: Target scale of action; 3: Relevance to users’ needs; 4: Interactive quality; 5: Key emphasis; 6: Level of complexity; 7: Ease of communication of tool rationale; 8: Cost. The differences between these tools also relate to a recognized dichotomy in sustainability transition research, with complex spatial support systems like APoLUS tending towards descriptive-analytical modes of sustainability science and simpler tools like COLLAGE being more clearly related to transformational modes. Approaches to supporting local-scale energy transitions that are able to span both modes are likely to become increasingly relevant as the climate crisis evolves. We also identify a research gap between support tools for implementation of established policy and support tools for transformative actions at local scales, and suggest the study of digital “transition support tools” as a promising avenue for future research.

ACS Style

Richard J. Hewitt; Cheryl De Boer; Johannes Flacke. Participatory development of digital support tools for local-scale energy transitions: Lessons from two European case studies. Global Transitions 2020, 2, 138 -149.

AMA Style

Richard J. Hewitt, Cheryl De Boer, Johannes Flacke. Participatory development of digital support tools for local-scale energy transitions: Lessons from two European case studies. Global Transitions. 2020; 2 ():138-149.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Richard J. Hewitt; Cheryl De Boer; Johannes Flacke. 2020. "Participatory development of digital support tools for local-scale energy transitions: Lessons from two European case studies." Global Transitions 2, no. : 138-149.

Research article
Published: 14 July 2020 in International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction
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Urban infrastructures are critical, highly interconnected, and interdependent systems of services that physically tie metropolitan areas, communities, and neighbourhoods together. When such highly inter-related systems are affected by a disaster, cascading effects may result in the failure of infrastructure systems. This paper presents a method to unravel the complexity of cascading effects, which can be applied in situations where documented information of the hazardous event is limited. A service chain management framework is used to examine how services for water supply, sanitation, electricity and solid waste interact. The analysis provides a breakdown of the primary service system into a chain and service elements, which characterises the inter-relatedness of these services. We study the case of Barangay Catmon (neighbourhood) in Malabon, a densely developed urban area, located on Manila Bay that is exposed to various natural hazards. Many of Malabon’s low-income households reside in informal settlements that are prone to flooding from the combined effects of land subsidence, pluvial flooding from the river network and storm surges. Our empirical study reveals the temporal spread of a typhoon’s cascading effects on essential services and the subsequent impact on informal settlers, that may potentially counteract their hope for sustainable improvement through the upgrading of their settlement. Therefore, to complement the ongoing efforts of disaster risk reduction, service chain management framework may further guide the local authorities and other stakeholders to understand the characteristics of cascading effects varying with time and nature of the impact.

ACS Style

Deepshikha Purwar; Richard Sliuzas; Johannes Flacke. Assessment of cascading effects of typhoons on water and sanitation services: A case study of informal settlements in Malabon, Philippines. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 2020, 51, 101755 .

AMA Style

Deepshikha Purwar, Richard Sliuzas, Johannes Flacke. Assessment of cascading effects of typhoons on water and sanitation services: A case study of informal settlements in Malabon, Philippines. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. 2020; 51 ():101755.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Deepshikha Purwar; Richard Sliuzas; Johannes Flacke. 2020. "Assessment of cascading effects of typhoons on water and sanitation services: A case study of informal settlements in Malabon, Philippines." International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 51, no. : 101755.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2020 in Land
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In many cities and urban areas in Africa, land acquisition for urban redevelopment, land readjustment, and resettlement of affected urban residents are currently framed as innovative approaches to eradicating informal settlements, improving the living environments, and supporting the implementation of newly adopted city Master Plans. Nevertheless, it is not yet known how the responses of institutions and affected people shape these processes. Based on research conducted in Kigali, Rwanda, this article discusses affected residents’ responses to land expropriation and resettlement necessary for urban redevelopments. Our findings show that affected informal settlement dwellers voiced their concerns over the deviations from the Expropriation Law, compensation decision-making made behind closed doors, lack of transparency in property valuation, and compensation packages that they perceive to be unfair. Some of the consequences of these concerns are strong feelings of unfairness, exclusion, and marginalisation; distrust and increased perceptions of impoverishment risks, all of which fuel contestation and resistance attitudes among the affected landowners. The affected landowners agitate to assert their rights and stake their claims through contestations, community mobilisation, and legal recourse. We conclude that such contestations constitute claimed spaces and interactions in which affected landowners are laying claim to fair processes against the ‘’exceptionality’’ and the “decide-defend” decision-making approaches, while local authorities assert legitimacy of their decisions. Critically, informal households affected by urban redevelopments see opportunities for participation in their resettlement decision-making as fundamental to securing their future.

ACS Style

Alice Nikuze; Richard Sliuzas; Johannes Flacke. From Closed to Claimed Spaces for Participation: Contestation in Urban Redevelopment Induced-Displacements and Resettlement in Kigali, Rwanda. Land 2020, 9, 212 .

AMA Style

Alice Nikuze, Richard Sliuzas, Johannes Flacke. From Closed to Claimed Spaces for Participation: Contestation in Urban Redevelopment Induced-Displacements and Resettlement in Kigali, Rwanda. Land. 2020; 9 (7):212.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alice Nikuze; Richard Sliuzas; Johannes Flacke. 2020. "From Closed to Claimed Spaces for Participation: Contestation in Urban Redevelopment Induced-Displacements and Resettlement in Kigali, Rwanda." Land 9, no. 7: 212.

Journal article
Published: 19 June 2020 in Sustainability
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Spatial knowledge, i.e., knowledge about space and place, is commonly used by stakeholders during the deliberative process of public participation practice. The goal of this article is to examine to what extent spatial knowledge exists and is used in a formal public participation practice, as well as its potential to enhance the public participation practice. We used an annual public participation practice in Indonesia called Musrenbang as the case study. Using a three-dimensional framework, we identified the types, levels, and socio-spatial relationships of spatial knowledge used in the Musrenbang practice. Our study finds that villagers had and used spatial knowledge during Musrenbang. However, the knowledge was not properly used due to three main impediments: The stakeholders were not aware of their spatial knowledge, spatial data was not available, which can help to better utilize knowledge while supporting the participatory process, and power gaps among stakeholders. It can be concluded that the development of suitable methods, which can help stakeholders use their spatial knowledge, is needed to enhance the current Musrenbang practice.

ACS Style

Aulia Akbar; Johannes Flacke; Javier Martinez; Martin F.A.M. Van Maarseveen. Spatial Knowledge: A Potential to Enhance Public Participation? Sustainability 2020, 12, 5025 .

AMA Style

Aulia Akbar, Johannes Flacke, Javier Martinez, Martin F.A.M. Van Maarseveen. Spatial Knowledge: A Potential to Enhance Public Participation? Sustainability. 2020; 12 (12):5025.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aulia Akbar; Johannes Flacke; Javier Martinez; Martin F.A.M. Van Maarseveen. 2020. "Spatial Knowledge: A Potential to Enhance Public Participation?" Sustainability 12, no. 12: 5025.

Research article
Published: 26 May 2020 in Community Development
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When evaluating the practices of public participation, one should understand how the participatory process is conceived and implemented. Although many studies have been conducted in this regard, there is hardly a study that used Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as the basis for evaluation. In this study, we examine the participatory process of a public participation practice in Indonesia, called Musrenbang, at the village level, applying an SDGs’ based assessment. Using the case of the Deli Serdang district, we investigate the participatory process based on SDG indicators 11.3.2 and 16.7.2, applying a set of criteria suggested by various scholars. The results show a misalignment between the Musrenbang practice and the evaluation criteria due to key problems such as planning schedules that do not meet regulations, lack of knowledge integration and learning processes, as well as power struggles amongst stakeholders.

ACS Style

Aulia Akbar; Johannes Flacke; Javier Martinez; Martin F. A. M. van Maarseveen. Participatory planning practice in rural Indonesia: A sustainable development goals-based evaluation. Community Development 2020, 51, 243 -260.

AMA Style

Aulia Akbar, Johannes Flacke, Javier Martinez, Martin F. A. M. van Maarseveen. Participatory planning practice in rural Indonesia: A sustainable development goals-based evaluation. Community Development. 2020; 51 (3):243-260.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aulia Akbar; Johannes Flacke; Javier Martinez; Martin F. A. M. van Maarseveen. 2020. "Participatory planning practice in rural Indonesia: A sustainable development goals-based evaluation." Community Development 51, no. 3: 243-260.

Journal article
Published: 23 April 2020 in International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction
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The vulnerability of slum-dwellers to disasters requires particular attention due to the increasing frequency of disasters in slums combined with dilapidated housing conditions and lack of infrastructure. The absence of appropriate institutional and governmental aid has made slum-dwellers to rely upon their coping capacity. Having own financial capital can strengthen the coping capacity of an individual during disasters. Microfinance Institutes (MFIs) provide loans or microcredits to slum-dwellers to start a business individually or as a group, which eventually helps in increasing their financial capital. MFIs can also facilitate smooth repayment of loans by providing relief funds during disasters. However, frequent disasters might negatively influence the functioning of these mechanisms. Therefore, in this paper, we explore whether MFIs can increase the coping capacity of slum-dwellers by increasing their financial capital while facing disasters. Due to lack of empirical data on the impact of MFIs, we developed a stylised Agent-Based Model (ABM). The model includes interactions between slum-dwellers and an MFI as well as moneylenders. Slum-dwellers are facing disasters of varying frequency and intensity and can form ROtating Savings and Credit Associations (ROSCAs). Overall, the model results supported the claim that providing microcredits through MFIs has the potential to increase slum-dwellers’ coping capacity while facing frequent disasters. However, the study also indicates that MFIs need to be carefully tailored to the local context in order to support slum-dwellers’ coping capacity, for instance by adapting the repayment period.

ACS Style

Mitali Yeshwant Joshi; Johannes Flacke; Nina Schwarz. Do microfinance institutes help slum-dwellers in coping with frequent disasters? An agent-based modelling study. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 2020, 49, 101627 .

AMA Style

Mitali Yeshwant Joshi, Johannes Flacke, Nina Schwarz. Do microfinance institutes help slum-dwellers in coping with frequent disasters? An agent-based modelling study. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. 2020; 49 ():101627.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mitali Yeshwant Joshi; Johannes Flacke; Nina Schwarz. 2020. "Do microfinance institutes help slum-dwellers in coping with frequent disasters? An agent-based modelling study." International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 49, no. : 101627.

Articles
Published: 25 February 2020 in International Journal of Social Research Methodology
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Mixed methods surveys using multilingual assistants in areas without clear pre-defined sampling units are often difficult to manage and unpredictable, thereby threatening data quality. More so when such surveys are executed in unfamiliar territories where cultural and language barriers prevent direct communication between the principal researcher and the respondents, and field assistants act as cultural/language brokers. This paper provides a method to enhance data quality in such contexts through a reflection on the research design and data collection experience in our study on flood damage mitigation processes among households and businesses in Kampala. Associated field challenges included different disciplinary and language skills levels of assistants, their multiple positionalities when translating concepts from the inquiry language to the source language and vice-versa, low settlement permeability/accessibility, multiple households per sampling unit, and socio-psychological issues among respondents and research assistants. The available literature lacks comprehensive systematic methods to address the challenges above, using detailed research fieldwork management experiences in which data collection is outsourced from field assistants. Our application of an extended version of the briefing and debriefing technique closes this gap. As a guide to apply this approach, we conceptualize social science research into four inter-related dimensions – paradigm, people, process, and presentation.

ACS Style

S. Chereni; R. V. Sliuzas; J. Flacke. An extended briefing and debriefing technique to enhance data quality in cross-national/language mixed-method research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology 2020, 23, 661 -675.

AMA Style

S. Chereni, R. V. Sliuzas, J. Flacke. An extended briefing and debriefing technique to enhance data quality in cross-national/language mixed-method research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology. 2020; 23 (6):661-675.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S. Chereni; R. V. Sliuzas; J. Flacke. 2020. "An extended briefing and debriefing technique to enhance data quality in cross-national/language mixed-method research." International Journal of Social Research Methodology 23, no. 6: 661-675.

Review
Published: 15 January 2020 in ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
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Interactive Planning Support Systems (PSS) implemented on a maptable are deemed suitable to support participatory planning processes. They are supposed to facilitate exchange of knowledge between stakeholders, consensus building among them, and group-learning processes. In this systematic review, based on 16 case studies using interactive PSS, we analyze how these have contributed to the goal of strengthening stakeholder participation. To this end, we first elicit details of the interactive PSS and the related participatory processes. In the second step, we analyze how and what the studies report, as the impacts on participation. Results show that tools and applications have become more sophisticated over time and goals of the studies changed from collaboratively designing interventions to observing and understanding how the application of such tools contributes to improved plan outcomes and group-based learning. All interactive PSS succeeded to facilitate intensive stakeholder collaboration. However, many studies lack a proper framework for investigating its impacts on participation and therefore assess these rather incidentally based on implicit assumptions. Thus, a significant outcome of this review is an evaluation framework, which allows the structural assessment of the impacts of interactive PSS on stakeholder participation.

ACS Style

Johannes Flacke; Rehana Shrestha; Rosa Aguilar. Strengthening Participation Using Interactive Planning Support Systems: A Systematic Review. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2020, 9, 49 .

AMA Style

Johannes Flacke, Rehana Shrestha, Rosa Aguilar. Strengthening Participation Using Interactive Planning Support Systems: A Systematic Review. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2020; 9 (1):49.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Johannes Flacke; Rehana Shrestha; Rosa Aguilar. 2020. "Strengthening Participation Using Interactive Planning Support Systems: A Systematic Review." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 1: 49.

Journal article
Published: 03 January 2020 in ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
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Geographic information-based planning support tools implemented in a maptable have the potential to mediate collaborative spatial planning processes. However, available tools for a maptable either lack advanced analytical functions or have usability shortcomings. Given these limitations, this research aims to conceptualize an interactive planning support tool intended to fully exploit maptable capabilities while providing spatial analytical functions to better support planning and decision-making processes with a larger group of participants. To do so, we conducted a literature review of reported maptable-based applications and semi-structured interviews with identified intended user groups of such applications, and derived Agile user stories. We identified a) principal spatial analyses, b) must-have functionalities, c) required support for individual contributions, and d) preferred space-time settings for group work collaboration, and based on that conceptualized an interactive tool for a maptable. By involving the intended users in the conception of the tool we revealed a discrepancy between the understanding of scholars and developers with respect to what users need and what they do. Intended user groups require tailored but straightforward instruments, rather than complicated or time-consuming models. Our research has laid down the foundation for future maptable tool development to support collaborative planning processes.

ACS Style

Rosa Aguilar; Johannes Flacke; Karin Pfeffer. Towards Supporting Collaborative Spatial Planning: Conceptualization of a Maptable Tool through User Stories. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2020, 9, 29 .

AMA Style

Rosa Aguilar, Johannes Flacke, Karin Pfeffer. Towards Supporting Collaborative Spatial Planning: Conceptualization of a Maptable Tool through User Stories. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2020; 9 (1):29.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rosa Aguilar; Johannes Flacke; Karin Pfeffer. 2020. "Towards Supporting Collaborative Spatial Planning: Conceptualization of a Maptable Tool through User Stories." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 1: 29.

Review
Published: 16 November 2019
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Interactive Planning Support Systems (PSS) implemented on a maptable are deemed suitable to support participatory planning processes. Through their interactive nature and user-friendly interface they are supposed to facilitate exchange of knowledge between stakeholders, consensus building among them, group learning processes, and thereby strengthen participation. We analyze in this systematic review, based on 16 case studies using interactive PSS, how such PSS have contributed to the goal of strengthening stakeholder participation. Results show that tools and applications have become more sophisticated in recent years and the goals of the studies changed from collaboratively designing interventions to observing and understanding how the application of such tools contributes to improved plan outcomes and group based learning. However, many case studies lack a proper framework and operationalization for investigating the impacts of the tools and applications on participation. Consequently, impacts on participation are assessed rather incidentally based on implicit assumptions and often no distinction is made between the different aspects of participation. In conclusion, further theoretical studies conceptualizing impacts of interactive PSS on participation are needed as well as empirical studies testing these impacts in real world case contexts with various groups of stakeholders.

ACS Style

Johannes Flacke; Rehana Shrestha; Rosa Aguilar. Strengthening Participation using Interactive Planning Support Systems: A Systematic Review. 2019, 1 .

AMA Style

Johannes Flacke, Rehana Shrestha, Rosa Aguilar. Strengthening Participation using Interactive Planning Support Systems: A Systematic Review. . 2019; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Johannes Flacke; Rehana Shrestha; Rosa Aguilar. 2019. "Strengthening Participation using Interactive Planning Support Systems: A Systematic Review." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 09 November 2019 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Outdoor walking has considerable benefits for healthy ageing and older adults are recommended to walk regularly. However, older adults living in high-deprivation areas walk less than those living in low-deprivation areas. Previous research has shown that the characteristics of neighbourhood green spaces (i.e., proximity, attractiveness, size, and number) may influence outdoor walking. This study examines spatial inequalities in the characteristics of neighbourhood green spaces in high- versus low-deprivation areas and their possible influences on disparities in older adults’ outdoor walking levels. For this purpose, it included a sample of 173 participants (≥65 years) and used secondary data and a geographic information system (GIS) to objectively measure neighbourhood green spaces characteristics. Geographic positioning system (GPS) technology was used to objectively measure outdoor walking levels. Data on participants’ personal characteristics were collected by questionnaire. The results indicate that one characteristic of neighbourhood green spaces (i.e., size) is positively related to outdoor walking levels. They show that inequalities in neighbourhood green spaces’ size in high- versus low-deprivation areas may influence disparities in older adults’ outdoor walking levels. Despite inequalities in other neighbourhood green space characteristics (e.g., proximity, attractiveness, and number) in high- versus low-deprivation areas, no relationship was found between these neighbourhood green space characteristics and participants’ outdoor walking levels. Enhancing the distribution or creation of large neighbourhood green spaces (e.g., through creating green space networks) may enhance outdoor walking among older residents, especially in high-deprivation areas.

ACS Style

Razieh Zandieh; Javier Martinez; Johannes Flacke. Older Adults’ Outdoor Walking and Inequalities in Neighbourhood Green Spaces Characteristics. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 4379 .

AMA Style

Razieh Zandieh, Javier Martinez, Johannes Flacke. Older Adults’ Outdoor Walking and Inequalities in Neighbourhood Green Spaces Characteristics. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (22):4379.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Razieh Zandieh; Javier Martinez; Johannes Flacke. 2019. "Older Adults’ Outdoor Walking and Inequalities in Neighbourhood Green Spaces Characteristics." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 22: 4379.

Journal article
Published: 05 March 2019 in Habitat International
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Cities in Sub-Saharan Africa are undergoing massive socio-spatial transformations. Many old inner-city neighbourhoods are being demolished to give way to modern commercial and residential developments, and generally, to a more modern living environment. These ambitions often lead to manifold displacement and resettlement projects that affect the livelihoods of millions of people, including many from informal settlements. Given the novelty of urban space transformations in Sub-Saharan African countries, empirical research on the impacts on affected urban households is rare. Based on research conducted in Kigali, Rwanda, this paper discusses livelihood impacts, of urban redevelopment and disaster risk mitigation induced resettlement projects, on affected informal settlement households. This contribution draws on interviews and focus group discussions undertaken with both households to be displaced and resettled households, as well as interviews with key informants during fieldwork. The findings highlight that, irrespective of potential opportunities of resettlement projects to deliver improved housing to poor informal households, most displaced informal households in Kigali endure several adverse impacts on their physical, financial, social, and human livelihood assets. While previous studies narrowed displacement impacts to post-relocation impacts, this research shows that affected informal households also endure significant adverse livelihood impacts in the pre-relocation stage. Uncertainties during the pre-relocation phase are significant causes of impoverishment risks among the households likely to be displaced. Accurate and detailed information of the resettlement projects need to be communicated in the early stage of the process to avoid the unnecessary impoverishment risks of affected households. Clear transparent guidelines on entitlements and compensation for each displacement type need to be disclosed and discussed with affected communities. We conclude that an understanding of livelihood impacts in both the pre- and post-relocation stages offers a holistic conceptualisation, which is required to mitigate impoverishment risks and to protect and improve the livelihoods of affected households throughout the entire relocation process.

ACS Style

Alice Nikuze; Richard Sliuzas; Johannes Flacke; Martin van Maarseveen. Livelihood impacts of displacement and resettlement on informal households - A case study from Kigali, Rwanda. Habitat International 2019, 86, 38 -47.

AMA Style

Alice Nikuze, Richard Sliuzas, Johannes Flacke, Martin van Maarseveen. Livelihood impacts of displacement and resettlement on informal households - A case study from Kigali, Rwanda. Habitat International. 2019; 86 ():38-47.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alice Nikuze; Richard Sliuzas; Johannes Flacke; Martin van Maarseveen. 2019. "Livelihood impacts of displacement and resettlement on informal households - A case study from Kigali, Rwanda." Habitat International 86, no. : 38-47.

Journal article
Published: 29 November 2018 in ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
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Providing all children equal access to essential services, such as primary education, has been set as a priority in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)’ agenda during the last two decades. Yet the Global Education Monitoring report in 2016 reveals that wide disparities between the rich and the poor persist in access to education of high quality. This study uses the Human Opportunity Index (HOI) to examine the equality of opportunity in access to basic education of high quality. By using enrollment and admission data from a case study in a large school district in the US in 2015/2016, this research evaluates the capacity of the HOI, in order to reveal disparities in access to school opportunities and examines how much of this inequality is explained by families’ pre-determined circumstances. The way of analyzing equality is by disaggregating applications’ data into circumstance groups, according to gender, geography, race/ethnicity, and other criteria. To capture the contribution of each circumstance to inequality of opportunity, the Shapley decomposition method is used. Findings show that the HOI is capable of systematically monitoring and examining existing admission policies and identifying inequality problems. Furthermore, the analysis of the contribution of each circumstance group can reveal admission criteria that have the potential to harm the educational opportunities for children. This assessment should provide valuable insights into the capability of the indicators to reveal where policy intervention is necessary and supply points of view on how policy can be improved.

ACS Style

Lydia M. Prieto; Johannes Flacke; Jonathan Aguero-Valverde; Martin Van Maarseveen. Measuring Inequality of Opportunity in Access to Quality Basic Education: A Case Study in Florida, US. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2018, 7, 465 .

AMA Style

Lydia M. Prieto, Johannes Flacke, Jonathan Aguero-Valverde, Martin Van Maarseveen. Measuring Inequality of Opportunity in Access to Quality Basic Education: A Case Study in Florida, US. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2018; 7 (12):465.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lydia M. Prieto; Johannes Flacke; Jonathan Aguero-Valverde; Martin Van Maarseveen. 2018. "Measuring Inequality of Opportunity in Access to Quality Basic Education: A Case Study in Florida, US." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 7, no. 12: 465.

Journal article
Published: 23 November 2018 in ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
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Public participation is significant for the success of any urban planning project. However, most members of the general public are not planning professionals and may not understand the technical details of a 2D paper-based plan, which might hamper their participation. One way to expand the participation of citizens is to present plans in well-designed, user-friendly and interactive platforms that allow participation regardless of the technical skills of the participants. This paper investigates the impacts of the combined use of 3D visualization and e-participation on public participation in Kisumu, Kenya. A 3D city model, created with CityEngine2016, was exported into a web-based geoportal and used as a Planning Support System in two stakeholder workshops in order to evaluate its usability. In order to assess the workshops 300 questionnaires were given out to planning practitioners and interview were done with key informants. Five indicators were developed for evaluating the usability of the 3D model while the usability of e-participation was evaluated using communication, collaboration and learning as indicators. Results showed that effectiveness and efficiency varied within different professional groups while the questionnaires showed strong preference for e-participation methods, especially Short Message Servicess/Unstructured Supplementary Service Data and emails. The study concludes that the use of 3D visualization and e-participation has the potential to improve the quality and quantity of public participation and recommends further research on the subject.

ACS Style

Jacob R. Onyimbi; Mila Koeva; Johannes Flacke. Public Participation Using 3D Web-Based City Models: Opportunities for E-Participation in Kisumu, Kenya. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2018, 7, 454 .

AMA Style

Jacob R. Onyimbi, Mila Koeva, Johannes Flacke. Public Participation Using 3D Web-Based City Models: Opportunities for E-Participation in Kisumu, Kenya. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2018; 7 (12):454.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jacob R. Onyimbi; Mila Koeva; Johannes Flacke. 2018. "Public Participation Using 3D Web-Based City Models: Opportunities for E-Participation in Kisumu, Kenya." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 7, no. 12: 454.

Article
Published: 01 November 2018 in Climatic Change
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More often than not, assessments of future climate risks are based on future climatic conditions superimposed on current socioeconomic conditions only. The new IPCC-guided alternative global development trends, the shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs), have the potential to enhance the integration of future socioeconomic conditions—in the form of socioeconomic scenarios—within assessments of future climate risks. Being global development pathways, the SSPs lack regional and sectoral details. To increase their suitability in sectoral and/or regional studies and their relevance for local stakeholders, the SSPs have to be extended. We propose here a new method to extend the SSPs that makes use of existing scenario studies, the (re)use of which has been underestimated so far. Our approach lies in a systematic matching of multiple scenario sets that facilitates enrichment of the global SSPs with regional and sectoral information, in terms of both storylines and quantitative projections. We apply this method to develop extended SSPs of human vulnerability in Europe and to quantify them for a number of key indicators at the sub-national level up to 2050, based on the co-use of the matched scenarios’ quantitative outputs. Results show that such a method leads to internally consistent extended SSPs with detailed and highly quantified narratives that are tightly linked to global contexts. This method also provides multiple entry points where the relevance of scenarios to local stakeholders can be tested and strengthened. The extended SSPs can be readily employed to explore future populations’ vulnerability to climate hazards under varying levels of socioeconomic development.

ACS Style

Guillaume Rohat; Johannes Flacke; Hy Dao; Martin Van Maarseveen. Co-use of existing scenario sets to extend and quantify the shared socioeconomic pathways. Climatic Change 2018, 151, 619 -636.

AMA Style

Guillaume Rohat, Johannes Flacke, Hy Dao, Martin Van Maarseveen. Co-use of existing scenario sets to extend and quantify the shared socioeconomic pathways. Climatic Change. 2018; 151 (3-4):619-636.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guillaume Rohat; Johannes Flacke; Hy Dao; Martin Van Maarseveen. 2018. "Co-use of existing scenario sets to extend and quantify the shared socioeconomic pathways." Climatic Change 151, no. 3-4: 619-636.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2018 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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The Paris Agreement aims to limit global mean temperature rise this century well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. This target has wide-ranging implications for Europe and its cities, which are the source of substantial proportions of greenhouse gas emissions. This paper reports the state of planning for climate change by collecting and analysing local climate mitigation and adaptation plans across 885 urban areas of the EU-28. A typology and analysis framework was developed that classifies local climate plans in terms of their spatial (alignment with local, national and international policy) and sectoral integration (alignment into existing local policy documents). We document local climate plans that we call type A1: non-compulsory by national law and not developed as part of international climate networks; A2: compulsory by national law and not developed as part of international networks; A3: plans developed as part of international networks. This most comprehensive analysis to date reveals that there is large diversity in the availability of local climate plans with most being available in Central and Northern European cities. Approximately 66% of EU cities have an A1, A2, or A3 mitigation plan, 26% an adaptation plan, 17% joint adaptation and mitigation plans, and about 30% lack any form of local climate plan (i.e. what we classify as A1, A2, A3 plans). Mitigation plans are more numerous than adaptation plans, but mitigation does not always precede adaptation. Our analysis reveals that city size, national legislation, and international networks can influence the development of local climate plans. We found that size does matter as about 70% of the cities above 1 million inhabitants have a comprehensive and stand-alone mitigation and/or an adaptation plan (A1 or A2). Countries with national climate legislation (A2), such as Denmark, France, Slovakia and the United Kingdom, are found to have nearly twice as many urban mitigation plans, and five times more likely to produce urban adaptation plans, than countries without such legislation. A1 and A2 mitigation plans are particularly numerous in Denmark, Poland, Germany, and Finland; while A1 and A2 adaptation plans are prevalent in Denmark, Finland, UK and France. The integration of adaptation and mitigation is country-specific and can mainly be observed in countries where local climate plans are compulsory, especially in France and the UK. Finally, local climate plans of international climate networks (A3) are mostly found in the many countries where autonomous, i.e. A1 plans are less common. The findings reported here are of international importance as they will inform and support decision-making and thinking of stakeholders with similar experiences or developments at all levels and sectors in other regions around the world.

ACS Style

Diana Reckien; Monica Salvia; Oliver Heidrich; Jon Marco Church; Filomena Pietrapertosa; Sonia De Gregorio-Hurtado; Valentina D'Alonzo; Aoife Foley; Sofia Simoes; Eliška Krkoška Lorencová; Hans Orru; Kati Orru; Anja Wejs; Johannes Flacke; Marta Olazabal; Davide Geneletti; Efrén Feliu; Sergiu Vasilie; Cristiana Nador; Anna Krook-Riekkola; Marko Matosović; Paris A. Fokaides; Byron I. Ioannou; Alexandros Flamos; Niki-Artemis Spyridaki; Mario V. Balzan; Orsolya Fülöp; Ivan Paspaldzhiev; Stelios Grafakos; Richard Dawson. How are cities planning to respond to climate change? Assessment of local climate plans from 885 cities in the EU-28. Journal of Cleaner Production 2018, 191, 207 -219.

AMA Style

Diana Reckien, Monica Salvia, Oliver Heidrich, Jon Marco Church, Filomena Pietrapertosa, Sonia De Gregorio-Hurtado, Valentina D'Alonzo, Aoife Foley, Sofia Simoes, Eliška Krkoška Lorencová, Hans Orru, Kati Orru, Anja Wejs, Johannes Flacke, Marta Olazabal, Davide Geneletti, Efrén Feliu, Sergiu Vasilie, Cristiana Nador, Anna Krook-Riekkola, Marko Matosović, Paris A. Fokaides, Byron I. Ioannou, Alexandros Flamos, Niki-Artemis Spyridaki, Mario V. Balzan, Orsolya Fülöp, Ivan Paspaldzhiev, Stelios Grafakos, Richard Dawson. How are cities planning to respond to climate change? Assessment of local climate plans from 885 cities in the EU-28. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018; 191 ():207-219.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Diana Reckien; Monica Salvia; Oliver Heidrich; Jon Marco Church; Filomena Pietrapertosa; Sonia De Gregorio-Hurtado; Valentina D'Alonzo; Aoife Foley; Sofia Simoes; Eliška Krkoška Lorencová; Hans Orru; Kati Orru; Anja Wejs; Johannes Flacke; Marta Olazabal; Davide Geneletti; Efrén Feliu; Sergiu Vasilie; Cristiana Nador; Anna Krook-Riekkola; Marko Matosović; Paris A. Fokaides; Byron I. Ioannou; Alexandros Flamos; Niki-Artemis Spyridaki; Mario V. Balzan; Orsolya Fülöp; Ivan Paspaldzhiev; Stelios Grafakos; Richard Dawson. 2018. "How are cities planning to respond to climate change? Assessment of local climate plans from 885 cities in the EU-28." Journal of Cleaner Production 191, no. : 207-219.

Article
Published: 03 February 2018 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Cumulative burden assessment (CuBA) has the potential to inform planning and decision-making on health disparities related to multiple environmental burdens. However, scholars have raised concerns about the social complexity to be dealt with while conducting CuBA, suggesting that it should be addressed in an adaptive, participatory and transdisciplinary (APT) approach. APT calls for deliberation among stakeholders by engaging them in a process of social learning and knowledge co-production. We propose an interactive stakeholder-based approach that facilitates a science-based stakeholder dialogue as an interface for combining different knowledge domains and engendering social learning in CuBA processes. Our approach allows participants to interact with each other using a flexible and auditable CuBA model implemented within a shared workspace. In two workshops we explored the usefulness and practicality of the approach. Results show that stakeholders were enabled to deliberate on cumulative burdens collaboratively, to learn about the technical uncertainties and social challenges associated with CuBA, and to co-produce knowledge in a realm of both technical and societal challenges. The paper identifies potential benefits relevant for responding to social complexity in the CuBA and further recommends exploration of how our approach can enable or constraint social learning and knowledge co-production in CuBA processes under various institutional, social and political contexts.

ACS Style

Rehana Shrestha; Johannes Flacke; Javier Martinez; Martin Van Maarseveen. Interactive Cumulative Burden Assessment: Engaging Stakeholders in an Adaptive, Participatory and Transdisciplinary Approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 260 .

AMA Style

Rehana Shrestha, Johannes Flacke, Javier Martinez, Martin Van Maarseveen. Interactive Cumulative Burden Assessment: Engaging Stakeholders in an Adaptive, Participatory and Transdisciplinary Approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (2):260.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rehana Shrestha; Johannes Flacke; Javier Martinez; Martin Van Maarseveen. 2018. "Interactive Cumulative Burden Assessment: Engaging Stakeholders in an Adaptive, Participatory and Transdisciplinary Approach." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 2: 260.