Background/Objectives: Although factors acting both prenatally and postnatally are taken into consideration, the etiopathogenesis of developmental defects of enamel (DDE) is not fully understood. Among the medications used for a variety of ailments, amoxicillin and cefaclor are indicated as having a part in the development of DDE. The objective of the present study was to reproduce DDE in the laboratory in rats by administering amoxicillin, ibuprofen, and cefaclor. These lesions were subsequently diagnosed using polarized light microscopy (PLM). Methods: This study was conducted on Wistar rats, which were given prenatally drugs possibly involved in the production of DDE. After macroscopic examination and identification of enamel defects, bright-field microscopy (BFM) and PLM examination were performed. Results: The group that received cefaclor was the most affected, according to the data gathered from this study. This group was followed by the groups that received amoxicillin in a double dose, ibuprofen, amoxicillin in a standard dose, and the control group. Conclusions: In the control group, DDE was identified in a reduced number, resulting in the fact that there are other factors involved, besides the drugs administered, in the development of DDE. Following this research, it was concluded that DDE in the form of demineralization was more frequently recorded in the cefaclor and ibuprofen groups, while DDE in the form of hypoplasia was more frequently recorded in the double-dose and standard-dose amoxicillin groups.

Tuberculosis Peritonitis is a serious condition, whose diagnosis is established late due to the nonspecific nature of the clinical features, which delays the performance of imaging investigations and, implicitly, the setting of the diagnosis through biopsy and histopathological examination. We report the case of a 49-year-old man who presented in our clinic with nonspecific symptoms and significant nitrogen retention, with ascites fluid detected during the clinical–paraclinical examination, ultimately confirming the diagnosis of bacillary peritonitis. Confirmation of tuberculous etiology through biopsy and/or bacteriological examination is sovereign for the diagnosis. The therapeutic protocol includes three anti-tuberculostatic drugs, for a period of at least 6 months, with or without the combination of corticosteroid therapy during the first months of treatment. The patient evolution under treatment was initially favorable, but due to peritoneal adhesions, it underwent complications later.

The etiopathogenesis of developmental defects of dental enamel (DDE) is incompletely elucidated, factors acting pre- and postnatally are considered. Amoxicillin and cefaclor are mentioned among the drugs administered in various conditions, with a role in the development of DDE. The objective of the present study was to reproduce DDE in the la-boratory, in rats by administering amoxicillin, ibuprofen and cefaclor. These lesions were subsequently diagnosed using polarized light microscopy. The study was conducted on Wistar rats, which were given prenatally drugs possibly involved in the production of DDE. After macroscopic examination and identification of enamel defects, optical and polarized light microscopy examination was performed. Centralizing the data obtained after this study, it resulted that the group to which cefaclor was administered was the most affected, followed by the group to which amoxicillin was administered in a double dose, the group to which ibuprofen was administered, the group to which amoxicillin was administered in a standard dose and the control group. Following this research, it was concluded that DDE in the form of demineralization were more frequently recorded in the cefaclor and ibuprofen groups, while DDE in the form of hypoplasia were more frequently recorded in the double-dose and standard-dose amoxicillin groups.