Analytical Pyrolysis Pathways of Guaiacyl Glycerol-β-guaiacyl Ether by Py-GC/MS

Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, metabolic, and respiratory diseases, and it has become an important social health problem affecting the health of the population. Obesity is affected by both genetic and environmental factors. In this study, we constructed a diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mouse model and performed deep RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on liner-depleted RNA extracted from the liver tissues of the mice to explore the underlying mechanisms of obesity. A total of 7469 circular RNAs (circRNAs) were detected, and 21 were differentially expressed (DE) in the high-fat diet (HFD) and low-fat diet (LFD) groups. We then constructed a comprehensive circRNA-associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that DE circRNAs associated with lipid metabolic-related pathways may act as miRNA sponges to modulate target gene expression. CircRNA1709 and circRNA4842 may serve as new candidates to regulate the expression of PTEN. This study provides systematic circRNA-associated ceRNA profiling in HFD mouse liver, and the results can aid early diagnosis and the selection of treatment targets for obesity in the future.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, a pivotal post-transcriptional modification, regulates RNA metabolism and biological processes, including reproduction. However, its role in poultry follicular development remains unclear. This study integrated MeRIP-seq and RNA-seq analyses to profile m6A modifications and gene expression in preovulatory follicles of Bashang Long-tailed chickens. We identified 14,024 m6A peaks in small yellow follicles(SYF) and 14,063 in small white follicles(SWF) . A total of 651 differential m6A peaks (DMPs), with 562 upregulated and 89 downregulated in SWF compared to SYF were identified. Transcriptome analysis identified 3,250 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 319 upregulated and 2,931 downregulated in SWF. Integrated multi-omics analysis identified 95 genes with concurrent m6A and expression changes, of which MAP1LC3C were identified as target of post-transcriptional m6A regulation. We then constructed the regulation network of MAP1LC3C gene in pre-ovulatory follicle development of chickens. These findings provide insights into epigenetic mechanisms underlying avian reproduction, offering potential targets for improving egg production in native breeds of China.

Studies have shown that a higher GSH level is related to more drug-resistant and invasiveness of a tumor. However, it is a great challenge to accurately imaging the GSH level in vivo, for its imaging intensity will interfered by different accumulation of probes in the tumor. Thus, we hypothesized ratiometric photoacoustic imaging that can be used to predict the drug-resistant and invasiveness of tumors by accurate GSH level imaging. In this study, we synthesized MnO₂/Indocyanine Green (MnO₂/ICG). It can be used as ratiometric photoacoustic (PA) imaging probe, for its absorption at 780 nm (Ab₇₈₀) can be decreased and 680 nm (Ab₆₈₀) remain unchanged upon GSH reduction. And our results confirmed that a lower PA absorption ratio (Ab₇₈₀/Ab₆₈₀) corresponded to a higher GSH level of the tumor. Besides, the near-infrared fluorescence (FI) imaging was used as an assistant, for it can be quenched upon GSH. Therefore, MnO₂/ICG can predict the tumor invasiveness and drug resistance by imaging the GSH level. This study provides reference to predict the prognosis of tumors by imaging the metabolic biomarker of tumors.

In this study, the amino acid analyzer was used to analyze the hydrolyzed content of albumen, and free amino acid in albumen were analyzed by HPLC, besides, circRNAs in ovaries of laying hens during different developmental stages were identified using RNA seq. No significant differences were observed in the amino acid content of albumen at varied developmental stages. Additionally, we explored the potential of microwave digestion, which was shown to be an effective technique for sample pretreatment to analyze the amino acid content of albumen; the optimized reaction conditions were microwave power of 600 W, and temperature of 180 °C for 20 min. A total of 10,355 circRNAs were identified by RNA-seq screening, and 61 differentially expressed circRNAs were initially identified. Our research suggested that HPLC is a better method to analysis the free amino acids in albumen, furthermore, provides important information about the quality of eggs of laying hens at different developmental stages and thereby may be applied in poultry molecular breeding techniques. Graphical Abstract