Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) use acoustic waves to communicate in an underwater environment. Acoustic channels have various limitations such as low bandwidth, a higher end‐to‐end delay, and path loss at certain nodes. Considering the limitations of UWSNs, energy efficient communication and reliability of UWSNs have become an inevitable research area. The current research interests are to operate sensors for a longer time. The currently investigated research area towards efficient communication has various challenges, like flooding, multiple copies creation path loss and low network life time. Hence, it is different from previous work which solved certain challenges by measuring the depth, residual energy, and assigning hop‐IDs to nodes. This study has proposed a novel scheme called radius‐based courier node (RMCN) routing. RMCN uses radius‐based architecture in combination with a cost function, track‐ID, residual energy, and depth to forward data packets. The RMCN is specifically designed for long‐term monitoring with higher energy efficiency and packet delivery ratio. The purpose of RMCN is to facilitate a network for longer periods in risky areas. The proposed routing scheme has been compared with depth‐based routing and energy‐efficient multipath grid‐based geographic routing with respect to alive nodes left, end to end delay, delivery ratio and energy consumption.

This paper is concerned with designing and numerically implementing a V2X (Vehicle-to-Vehicle and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure) control system architecture for a platoon of autonomous vehicles. The V2X control architecture integrates the well-known Intelligent Driver Model (IDM) for a platoon of Autonomous Driving Vehicles (ADVs) with Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) Communication. The main aim is to address practical implementation issues of such a system as well as the safety and security concerns for traffic environments. To this end, we first investigated a channel estimation model for V2I communication. We employed the IEEE 802.11p vehicular standard and calculated path loss, Packet Error Rate (PER), Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), and throughput between transmitter and receiver end. Next, we carried out several case studies to evaluate the performance of the proposed control system with respect to its response to: (i) the communication infrastructure; (ii) its sensitivity to an emergency, inter-vehicular gap, and significant perturbation; and (iii) its performance under the loss of communication and changing driving environment. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control model. The model is collision-free for an infinite length of platoon string on a single lane road-driving environment. It also shows that it can work during a lack of communication, where the platoon vehicles can make their decision with the help of their own sensors. V2X Enabled Intelligent Driver Model (VX-IDM) performance is assessed and compared with the state-of-the-art models considering standard parameter settings and metrics.

The indoor connected environment has witnessed significant research and development attention from industries and academia due to the growing number of smaller smart indoor devices around us. Developing an effective and efficient wireless access standard is one of the challenging tasks to enable the next generation indoor connected environment. The technical characteristics of existing wireless access standards, including IEEE 802.11a, 802.11n, and 802.11ac, are considerably limited for realizing indoor connected environments, particularly with a growing number of smaller intelligent devices. Moreover, their backward compatibility and migration strategies are significant for developing the next-generation wireless access standard for the indoor Internet of Things environment. In this context, this paper presents an indoor environmental experimental study focusing on the backward compatibility and migration-centric performance analysis of existing wireless access standards. Three wireless access standards that operate in the 5 GHz frequency spectrum are evaluated considering the metrics, including throughput, range, efficiency, and backward compatibility in an indoor environment. The experimental results are also compared with the analytical path loss model to observe the attributes for next-generation wireless access between the observed and analytical models. The evaluation can attest to the suitable migration strategy for stable next-generation wireless access development and deployment for an indoor smart Internet of Things environment.

With the increased availability of the internet, technology, and social media, the incidence of cyberbullying has escalated globally. Cyberbullying is becoming a significant factor that affects people’s lives, leading them to experience anxiety, depression, compulsive behaviour, and more. Therefore, it is worth exploring the various forms of cyberbullying, the barriers to its prevention, and preventive strategies. Previous research has primarily concentrated on challenges, factors, and impacts for adolescents; however, the rise in cyberbullying among adults is not explored enough. Therefore, this study intended to perform a systematic literature review focused on adults to identify the forms (types) and barriers that create challenges to applying cyberbullying prevention strategies effectively. This study followed the PRISMA model guidelines and used the Scopus online database for the literature selection process. In this effort, this research reviewed 32 studies selected from 9814 articles examined for this purpose, all published between January 2019 and January 2025. The findings identified eight themes on cyberbullying forms, six barriers to its prevention, and seven preventive measures related to cyberbullying. The outcomes of this research will deepen the understanding of various issues for adults engaged in education and work-related fields, offering valuable insights to parents, guardians, researchers, policymakers, educators, social media companies, and governments.