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Jarosław Przewłócki is Professor at Faculty of Architecture at Technical University of Gdańsk and head of the Department of Technical Fundamentals of Architectural Design. The basic direction of his scientific activities is research on random events and the application of probability and the theory of reliability in civil engineering, particularly in geotechnics. He is the author or coauthor of about one hundred publications, including a number of books and JCR articles. He specializes, among other fields, in slope stability problems (deterministic and probabilistic analysis) and foundations of historical buildings; within these fields, he is the author of a number of expert geotechnical opinions. He teaches the theory of structure, including structural mechanics and material strength.
The issue of slope stability is one of the most important and yet most difficult geotechnical problems. Assessing slope stability is particularly difficult because of the many uncertainties involved in the process. To take these uncertainties into account, probabilistic methods are used, and the reliability approach is adopted. There are many methods for reliability assessment of earth slope stability. However, there is no system that would organize all of these methods in an unambiguous way. In fact, these methods can be classified in different ways: by assignment to a deterministic classification of methods, by description of uncertainties of soil parameters, by level of reliability according to the theory of reliability, etc. The huge number of articles summarizing the research in this field, but in various “disordered” directions, certainly do not facilitate the understanding or ultimately the practical application of the reliability approach by the engineer. The paper proposes a universal classification system of reliability methods for evaluating the stability of earth slopes. This proposal is preceded by a brief literature review of both historical background and contemporary research on reliability analysis of earth slope stability.
Jarosław Przewłócki. Brief Literature Review and Classification System of Reliability Methods for Evaluating the Stability of Earth Slopes. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9090 .
AMA StyleJarosław Przewłócki. Brief Literature Review and Classification System of Reliability Methods for Evaluating the Stability of Earth Slopes. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9090.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJarosław Przewłócki. 2021. "Brief Literature Review and Classification System of Reliability Methods for Evaluating the Stability of Earth Slopes." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9090.
The basic urban tissue of medieval European cities consisted of brick townhouses. In the cities of northern Europe, these tenements were characterised by a block based on an elongated rectangular plan, covered with a gable roof with a ridge oriented perpendicularly to the street. The side walls of the tenement house were common for both neighbours and constituted a basic structural element. The gable façades were not loaded with ceilings, providing freedom in shaping them. The aim of this work is to determine the reasons why this method of shaping tenement houses in historical city centres has survived to the present day, becoming an archetype for contemporary architectural and construction solutions, despite the passage of time, numerous historical events, war damage, changing architectural styles, fashions and building techniques and technologies. The historical centre of Gdańsk has become the research material in this paper, where by means of such methods as historical source material analysis (iconographic), observation (operationalisation of preserved historical objects), comparative analysis of completed contemporary investments, and 3D modelling of structural systems, an attempt has been made to determine the main factors determining contemporary architectural and structural solutions. The reason for the extraordinary durability of this type of construction model can be found in the enormous rationality and efficiency of this solution. It allows for very intensive use of land, easy access of all front elevations to the main communication routes, cheapness of construction resulting from small spans and use of common structural walls for the neighbouring buildings, ease of shaping gable elevations, and fire safety. Aesthetic considerations are probably also important here, although it should be assumed that their significance began to grow only in the second half of the 19th century. However, it seems that the most important factor which made the model of the mediaeval bourgeois tenement house become an archetype for contemporary architectural and construction solutions is the timeless message contained in this model, a specific code allowing it to be unambiguously identified as a form of urban house—a place of safe living and at the same time a visible sign of the rich history of European cities, an element creating their cultural and spatial identity, a component of the living, constantly transforming urban fabric.
Antoni Taraszkiewicz; Karol Grębowski; Karolina Taraszkiewicz; Jarosław Przewłócki. Medieval Bourgeois Tenement Houses as an Archetype for Contemporary Architectural and Construction Solutions: The Example of Historic Downtown Gdańsk. Buildings 2021, 11, 80 .
AMA StyleAntoni Taraszkiewicz, Karol Grębowski, Karolina Taraszkiewicz, Jarosław Przewłócki. Medieval Bourgeois Tenement Houses as an Archetype for Contemporary Architectural and Construction Solutions: The Example of Historic Downtown Gdańsk. Buildings. 2021; 11 (3):80.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntoni Taraszkiewicz; Karol Grębowski; Karolina Taraszkiewicz; Jarosław Przewłócki. 2021. "Medieval Bourgeois Tenement Houses as an Archetype for Contemporary Architectural and Construction Solutions: The Example of Historic Downtown Gdańsk." Buildings 11, no. 3: 80.
The aim of the paper is to propose new quantitative criteria for selecting the optimal method of securing and repairing a historical object, which take into account Structural, Conservation and Architectural aspects (the S–C–A method). Construction works on cultural heritage sites tend to be challenging and require an interdisciplinary approach. Therefore, they are strictly related to the philosophy of sustainable development which seeks adequate proportions between factors indicated on the natural and social environment. Optimization of several systems stabilizing retaining structure that are a historic object was considered in the paper. Appropriate formulas for scores meeting additional conservation and aesthetic requirements were proposed. The method is used in the stabilization of the brick retaining wall, a part of the Wisłoujście Fortress located in Gdańsk, Poland. In order to compute the displacement of the wall and its stability, numerical analysis was performed by the two-dimensional explicit Finite Difference Method (using the FLAC2D software). The algorithm proposed could be beneficial to the protection of cultural heritage since it could also be applied to other structures, such as roof trusses, masonry walls, pillars, etc.
Piotr Chudoba; Jarosław Przewłócki; Piotr Samól; Lesław Zabuski. Optimization of Stabilizing Systems in Protection of Cultural Heritage: The Case of the Historical Retaining Wall in the Wisłoujście Fortress. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8570 .
AMA StylePiotr Chudoba, Jarosław Przewłócki, Piotr Samól, Lesław Zabuski. Optimization of Stabilizing Systems in Protection of Cultural Heritage: The Case of the Historical Retaining Wall in the Wisłoujście Fortress. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8570.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Chudoba; Jarosław Przewłócki; Piotr Samól; Lesław Zabuski. 2020. "Optimization of Stabilizing Systems in Protection of Cultural Heritage: The Case of the Historical Retaining Wall in the Wisłoujście Fortress." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8570.
The study presents a probabilistic stability analysis of a Baltic cliff in Jastrzębia Góra, Poland. Progressive slope erosion is a threat to adjacent buildings, so safety assessment of the slope is essential. The cliff shows a compound, multi-layered geological structure, which makes the analysis of its reliability a complex multivariate problem. A simple, straightforward computational procedure was proposed, incorporating the Response Surface Method (RSM) linked with the standard Monte Carlo (MC) simulation method and the Point Estimate Method (PEM). PEM samples make it possible to analyse the sensitivity of the cliff’s stability to variation in subsoil parameters and to reduce the number of random variables of the problem. The proposed methods were tested in two cases: a high failure probability (undrained state) and a moderate failure probability (drained case). The so-called combined Response Surface Method (CRSM) proposed here may be successfully applied in geotechnical computations characterized by dispersion and uncertainty of soil data as well as a relatively high damage probability.
Karol Winkelmann; Lesław Zabuski; Jarosław Przewłócki; Jarosław Górski. Reliability-Based Stability Analysis of a Baltic Cliff by the Combined Response Surface Method. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 2020, 38, 5549 -5563.
AMA StyleKarol Winkelmann, Lesław Zabuski, Jarosław Przewłócki, Jarosław Górski. Reliability-Based Stability Analysis of a Baltic Cliff by the Combined Response Surface Method. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering. 2020; 38 (5):5549-5563.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarol Winkelmann; Lesław Zabuski; Jarosław Przewłócki; Jarosław Górski. 2020. "Reliability-Based Stability Analysis of a Baltic Cliff by the Combined Response Surface Method." Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 38, no. 5: 5549-5563.
The paper presents a reliability analysis of a sea cliff slope. The cliff, located in Jastrzębia Góra, is characterised by a complicated geological structure. Although currently stable, it is in fact close to the limit state. The objective of this paper is to present the point estimate method (PEM) of determining the mean value and standard deviation of the safety factor of the slope. Assuming its normal distribution, these statistical parameters make it possible to determine the probability of failure pf and the reliability index β. In order to reduce the number of random variables, a sensitivity analysis was performed. The results were verified by the Monte Carlo simulation method. The main advantage of this approach is to minimize the number of sample calculations required to obtain estimators of the parameters investigated.
Jarosław Przewłócki; Leslaw Zabuski; Karol Winkelmann. Reliability Analysis of Sea Cliff Slope Stability by Point Estimate Method. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 471, 042003 .
AMA StyleJarosław Przewłócki, Leslaw Zabuski, Karol Winkelmann. Reliability Analysis of Sea Cliff Slope Stability by Point Estimate Method. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 471 (4):042003.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJarosław Przewłócki; Leslaw Zabuski; Karol Winkelmann. 2019. "Reliability Analysis of Sea Cliff Slope Stability by Point Estimate Method." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 471, no. 4: 042003.
The purpose of the study was to analyse the stability of a road scarp endangered by a landslide and to consider some measures for its stabilization. The potential landslide could unfavourably alter the shape of the slope, thus a religious sanctuary situated above the slope. The present research has resulted in suggestions of possible protection methods, namely, drainage, soil nailing, installation of piles, supporting the scarp with a soil prism. They appear to be equally effective in improving the stability conditions. Therefore, the criteria for choosing one of them are rather arbitrary, and the choice should be made on the basis of economic considerations.
Leslaw Zabuski; Jarosław Przewłócki. Stability Analysis of a Road Scarp in the Carpathian Mountains and Methods of its Protection. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 471, 042004 .
AMA StyleLeslaw Zabuski, Jarosław Przewłócki. Stability Analysis of a Road Scarp in the Carpathian Mountains and Methods of its Protection. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 471 (4):042004.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeslaw Zabuski; Jarosław Przewłócki. 2019. "Stability Analysis of a Road Scarp in the Carpathian Mountains and Methods of its Protection." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 471, no. 4: 042004.
The aim of this paper is to analyse the behaviour of old building foundations composed of stones (the main load-bearing elements) and mortar, based on numerical analysis. Some basic aspects of historical foundations are briefly discussed, with an emphasis on their development, techniques, and material. The behaviour of a foundation subjected to the loads transmitted from the upper parts of the structure is described using the finite element method (FEM). The main problems in analysing the foundations of historical buildings are determining the characteristics of the materials and the degree of degradation of the mortar, which is the weakest part of the foundation. Mortar is graded using the damaged-plastic model. In this model, exceeding the bearing capacity occurs due to the degradation of materials. The damaged-plastic model is the most accurate model describing the work and properties of mortar because it shows exactly what happens with this material throughout its total load history. For a uniformly loaded fragment of the foundation, both stresses and strains were analysed. The results of the analysis presented in this paper contribute to further research in the field of understanding both behaviour and modelling in historical buildings' foundations.
Jarosław Przewłócki; Monika Zielinska; Karol Grebowski. Numerical Modelling of Connections Between Stones in Foundations of Historical Buildings. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2017, 95, 22048 .
AMA StyleJarosław Przewłócki, Monika Zielinska, Karol Grebowski. Numerical Modelling of Connections Between Stones in Foundations of Historical Buildings. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2017; 95 (2):22048.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJarosław Przewłócki; Monika Zielinska; Karol Grebowski. 2017. "Numerical Modelling of Connections Between Stones in Foundations of Historical Buildings." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 95, no. 2: 22048.
Soil nailing is one of the recent in situ techniques used for soil improvement and in stabilizing slopes. The process of soil nailing consists of reinforcing the natural ground with relatively small steel bars or metal rods, grouted in the pre-drilled holes. This method has a wide range of applications for stabilizing deep excavations and steep slopes. Soil nailing has recently become a very common method of slope stabilisation especially where situated beneath or adjacent to historical buildings. Stabilisation by nails drilled into existing masonry structures such as failing retaining walls abutments, provide long term stability without demolition and rebuilding costs. Two cases of soil nailing technology aimed at stabilising slopes beneath old buildings in Poland are presented in this paper. The first concerns application of this technology to repair a retaining wall supporting the base of the dam at the historic hydroelectric power plant in Rutki. The second regards a concept of improving the slope of the Castle Hill in Sandomierz. An analysis of the slope stability for the latter case, using stabilisation technique with the piling system and soil nailing was performed. Some advantages of soil nailing especially for protection of historical buildings, are also underlined. And, the main results of an economic comparison analysis are additionally presented.
Marek Kulczykowski; Jarosław Przewłócki; Bogusława Konarzewska. Application of Soil Nailing Technique for Protection and Preservation Historical Buildings. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2017, 245, 22055 .
AMA StyleMarek Kulczykowski, Jarosław Przewłócki, Bogusława Konarzewska. Application of Soil Nailing Technique for Protection and Preservation Historical Buildings. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2017; 245 (2):22055.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarek Kulczykowski; Jarosław Przewłócki; Bogusława Konarzewska. 2017. "Application of Soil Nailing Technique for Protection and Preservation Historical Buildings." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 245, no. 2: 22055.
The paper deals with the probabilistic analysis of the settlement of a non-cohesive soil layer subjected to cyclic loading. Originally, the settlement assessment is based on a deterministic compaction model, which requires integration of a set of differential equations. However, with the use of the Bessel functions, the settlement of a soil stratum can be calculated by a simplified algorithm. The compaction model parameters were determined for soil samples taken from subsoil near the Izmit Bay, Turkey. The computations were performed for various sets of random variables. The point estimate method was applied, and the results were verified by the Monte Carlo method. The outcome leads to a conclusion that can be useful in the prediction of soil settlement under seismic loading.
Jarosław Przewłócki; Jarosław Górski; Waldemar Świdziński. Simplified Probabilistic Analysis of Settlement of Cyclically Loaded Soil Stratum by Point Estimate Method. Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics 2016, 63, 121 -133.
AMA StyleJarosław Przewłócki, Jarosław Górski, Waldemar Świdziński. Simplified Probabilistic Analysis of Settlement of Cyclically Loaded Soil Stratum by Point Estimate Method. Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics. 2016; 63 (2-3):121-133.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJarosław Przewłócki; Jarosław Górski; Waldemar Świdziński. 2016. "Simplified Probabilistic Analysis of Settlement of Cyclically Loaded Soil Stratum by Point Estimate Method." Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics 63, no. 2-3: 121-133.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the behaviour of the foundations of historic buildings. Some basic aspects of foundation engineering are discussed, with an emphasis placed on its development, applied techniques, and materials. Several different approaches and methods for the analysis of foundations of historical buildings are presented. A particular analysis has been focused on an example of a typical stone foundation from the sixteenth century. First, the calculations have been performed using the finite element method, then the bearing capacity and the settlement analysis has been determined according to EC-7. Next, the bearing capacity has been evaluated using simplified analysis. A settlement of the foundation has been also estimated using Kerisel's proposal. The information should allow for a better understanding of the behaviour of foundations discussed in this research, and especially of methods of their analysis. A comparison analysis has been performed and possible directions for further research in this field have been indicated.
Jarosław Przewłócki; Monika Zielinska. Analysis of the Behavior of Foundations of Historical Buildings. Procedia Engineering 2016, 161, 362 -367.
AMA StyleJarosław Przewłócki, Monika Zielinska. Analysis of the Behavior of Foundations of Historical Buildings. Procedia Engineering. 2016; 161 ():362-367.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJarosław Przewłócki; Monika Zielinska. 2016. "Analysis of the Behavior of Foundations of Historical Buildings." Procedia Engineering 161, no. : 362-367.
P Sorn; Jaroslaw Gorski; Karol Winkelmann; J Przewłócki. Discrete random variables in reliability calculations of a reticulated shell. Advances in Mechanics: Theoretical, Computational and Interdisciplinary Issues 2016, 537 -541.
AMA StyleP Sorn, Jaroslaw Gorski, Karol Winkelmann, J Przewłócki. Discrete random variables in reliability calculations of a reticulated shell. Advances in Mechanics: Theoretical, Computational and Interdisciplinary Issues. 2016; ():537-541.
Chicago/Turabian StyleP Sorn; Jaroslaw Gorski; Karol Winkelmann; J Przewłócki. 2016. "Discrete random variables in reliability calculations of a reticulated shell." Advances in Mechanics: Theoretical, Computational and Interdisciplinary Issues , no. : 537-541.
Probabilistic analysis of a space truss is presented in the paper. Reliability of such a structure is sensitive to geometrical and material imperfections. The objective of this paper is to present a variant of the point estimate method (PEM) to determine mean values and standard deviations of limit loads of engineering structures. The main advantage presented by this method is the small number of sample calculations required to obtain estimators of investigated parameters. Thus the method is straightforward, requiring only preliminaries of probability theory. This approach is illustrated by limit state analysis of a space truss, considering geometric and material imperfections. The calculations were performed for different random models, so the influence of random parameters on the limit load of the truss can be determined. A realistic snow load was imposed.
P. Sorn; J. Górski; Jarosław Przewłócki. Probabilistic Analysis Of A Space Truss By Means Of A Multidimensional Variable Description. Archives of Civil Engineering 2015, 61, 99 -124.
AMA StyleP. Sorn, J. Górski, Jarosław Przewłócki. Probabilistic Analysis Of A Space Truss By Means Of A Multidimensional Variable Description. Archives of Civil Engineering. 2015; 61 (2):99-124.
Chicago/Turabian StyleP. Sorn; J. Górski; Jarosław Przewłócki. 2015. "Probabilistic Analysis Of A Space Truss By Means Of A Multidimensional Variable Description." Archives of Civil Engineering 61, no. 2: 99-124.
Jarosław Przewłócki. A stochastic approach to the problem of bearing capacity by the method of characteristics. Computers and Geotechnics 2005, 32, 370 -376.
AMA StyleJarosław Przewłócki. A stochastic approach to the problem of bearing capacity by the method of characteristics. Computers and Geotechnics. 2005; 32 (5):370-376.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJarosław Przewłócki. 2005. "A stochastic approach to the problem of bearing capacity by the method of characteristics." Computers and Geotechnics 32, no. 5: 370-376.
J. Przewłócki; I. Dardzińska; J. Świniański; I. Przewłócki. Review of historical buildings' foundations. Géotechnique 2005, 55, 363 -372.
AMA StyleJ. Przewłócki, I. Dardzińska, J. Świniański, I. Przewłócki. Review of historical buildings' foundations. Géotechnique. 2005; 55 (5):363-372.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. Przewłócki; I. Dardzińska; J. Świniański; I. Przewłócki. 2005. "Review of historical buildings' foundations." Géotechnique 55, no. 5: 363-372.
J. Przewłócki; J. Górski. Strip foundation on 2-D and 3-D random subsoil. Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics 2001, 16, 121 -136.
AMA StyleJ. Przewłócki, J. Górski. Strip foundation on 2-D and 3-D random subsoil. Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics. 2001; 16 (2):121-136.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. Przewłócki; J. Górski. 2001. "Strip foundation on 2-D and 3-D random subsoil." Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics 16, no. 2: 121-136.
In situ tests were performed and samples were taken from a uniform layer of clay used as a material for the production of bricks. The shear resistance was measured, using Geonor Inspection Vane Tester H-60, in a quadratic mesh of 961 test points in the horizontal plane, spaced at 15 cm. Vane resistance tests were also performed in the laboratory on 76 undisturbed samples, on which the constrained modulus in consolidometers was determined. The aim of the research was to find the parameters of the 2D random field of shear strength and the correlation of this field with that of constrained modulus. The strong correlation obtained eventually enabled estimating the autocorrelation function of the constrained modulus describing the elastic behavior of the soil. A simple estimation procedure is proposed, enabling curve fitting of different isotropic and anisotropic correlation functions. Additionally, some statistical analyses of data were performed, including regression and time series analysis. The problem of the local and global variabilities of soil properties and their ramifications is also considered.
Jarosław Przewłócki. Two-Dimensional Random Field of Mechanical Soil Properties. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 2000, 126, 373 -377.
AMA StyleJarosław Przewłócki. Two-Dimensional Random Field of Mechanical Soil Properties. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering. 2000; 126 (4):373-377.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJarosław Przewłócki. 2000. "Two-Dimensional Random Field of Mechanical Soil Properties." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 126, no. 4: 373-377.
Jarosław Przewłócki. Reduction of dimensions in random, elastic soil medium. International Journal of Solids and Structures 1999, 36, 5233 -5254.
AMA StyleJarosław Przewłócki. Reduction of dimensions in random, elastic soil medium. International Journal of Solids and Structures. 1999; 36 (34):5233-5254.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJarosław Przewłócki. 1999. "Reduction of dimensions in random, elastic soil medium." International Journal of Solids and Structures 36, no. 34: 5233-5254.
The paper deals with the modelling of the soil medium as a random field. The necessity of using local random averages in numerical and analytical stochastic calculations are the main interest. The paper concentrates on linear elements and on the calculation of the variances and covariances of local random variables averaged over these elements. Several equations are derived by analytical integration, both for isotropic and anisotropic random fields. These should be useful for calculation, analysis and a better understanding of the influence of the geometry of elements and the value of parameters of random fields on the covariances of local averages.
Władyslaw Knabe; JarosWław Przewłócki; Grzegorz Róźyński. Spatial averages for linear elements for two-parameter random field. Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics 1998, 13, 147 -167.
AMA StyleWładyslaw Knabe, JarosWław Przewłócki, Grzegorz Róźyński. Spatial averages for linear elements for two-parameter random field. Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics. 1998; 13 (3):147-167.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWładyslaw Knabe; JarosWław Przewłócki; Grzegorz Róźyński. 1998. "Spatial averages for linear elements for two-parameter random field." Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics 13, no. 3: 147-167.
Jarosław Przewłócki; Włladysłlaw Knabe. Settlement of a soil stratum subjected to an earthquake. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 1995, 19, 813 -821.
AMA StyleJarosław Przewłócki, Włladysłlaw Knabe. Settlement of a soil stratum subjected to an earthquake. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics. 1995; 19 (11):813-821.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJarosław Przewłócki; Włladysłlaw Knabe. 1995. "Settlement of a soil stratum subjected to an earthquake." International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 19, no. 11: 813-821.