Growing environmental and climate problems are forcing the search for effective solutions to economic activity, including agriculture. The popularization of relevant production practices and techniques is of great importance in this regard. The direction of European agriculture is of particular...

The European Green Deal strategy, prepared in 2019, involves a number of challenges for European agriculture. These challenges are broadly linked to a need for agriculture to undertake actions in order to improve environmental and climate protection, which will require changes in agricultural practices and the currently observed industrialization processes of agriculture that are destabilizing ecosystems and climate. In view of the diversity of agriculture and its impacts on the environment, it is important to identify the challenges faced by the EU Member States. The aim of this paper is to identify the main environmental and climate challenges that agriculture in Poland will have to face due to the current European Green Deal strategy and its objectives, taking into account the organizational changes in this sector so far and the existing forms of environmental protection in rural areas. The paper is based on empirical data from the Farm Structure Survey conducted by Statistics Poland in 2005, 2007 and 2016, data on greenhouse gas emissions of agricultural origin gathered by the National Centre for Emissions Management (KOBiZE), data from the European Commission, the General Directorate for Environmental Protection and the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation—State Research Institute concerning the delimitation of the Natura 2000 areas in Poland and the Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics—National Research Institute on three national variants of High Nature Value Farmland areas delimited for the needs of the European Commission, as well as data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development regarding the delimitation of the less favoured areas with high natural value. In addition, a literature review was conducted indicating the links between agriculture, the environment and climate. The results of the study illustrate the state of Polish agriculture and the changes in this sector in the context of environmental and climate challenges. The results also identify the most difficult areas that will require practical solutions in the future to implement the European Green Deal strategy in Poland. The findings will provide an important basis for policy makers in terms of effective support of agriculture and for the scientific community with regard to agricultural research, which should be particularly developed in order to be able to adapt the agricultural sector to new challenges.

The aim of the paper is to indicate the most important challenges for agriculture in Poland in the context of the implementation of the European Green Deal and the Polish Strategic Plan for the Common Agricultural Policy for the years 2023-2027. The primary tool used in the study was a comparative analysis of legal EU and Polish documents. This comparison was supplemented by an analysis of statistical data on agriculture in Poland, mainly covering 2005-2020, obtained from the Agricultural Census 2020, Statistics Poland, the National Centre for Emissions Management, the Agricultural and Food Commercial Quality Inspection and the European Medicines Agency. The results show that the Polish national targets for 2030 are significantly lower than the European ones but have been set, taking into account the feasibility of their implementation, which means that meeting each of the primary national targets in the agricultural sector will be very challenging.

As a result of the European Green Deal Strategy (EGD), each EU Member State was obliged to specify own effort and aims for agriculture in formal document, i.e. national Strategic Plan for the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) 2023-2027. The basic reference in the creation of national documents was the specificity of the country’s agriculture, as well as the possibility to undertake ambitious measures to contribute to the goals described at the European level. The aim of this paper is to analyze the EU’s Member States commitments regarding environmental and climate agricultural objectives in the broader perspective of the European Green Deal ambitions. The approach applied in the study was based on research of literature and legal documents, the European and national statement comparisons, public statistics and European Commission data analysis, which enabled the authors to conduct current and comparative analyses. The research proved the EU’s countries’ diversified engagement in environment and climate protection. Presented results indicated that the countries’ involvement in the context of EGD objectives was recognised as insufficient.

Objectives: The aim of the paper is an indication of the changes taking place in agriculture in Poland relevant to soil ecosystem services. Material and methods: The study was based on public data 2005, 2007, 2016 of Statistics Poland (GUS), from Farms Structure Survey. The research included...

Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of the modern world. In the long-term perspective, mankind must achieve climate neutrality in order not to lead to a breakdown in the development of civilization. This requires significant mitigation efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Over time, when the climate change is more affecting human life, adaptation measures are also needed. Some countries, including members states of the European Union, are making efforts to achieve the goal of climate neutrality. It involves a significant financial and organizational effort. The aim of the article is to indicate changes in agriculture and rural areas that may take place in the perspective of 2030 as a result of the climate change and the application of mitigating and adaptation policies. The article was written on the basis of the available literature.