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Healthy Diet and physical activity may play important roles in the maintenance of muscle health during aging. The aim of the present study was to explore the impact of adherence to healthy dietary patterns on sarcopenia risk in a sample of physically active older men and women, while considering adherence to guidelines on muscle strengthening activities (MSA) and protein intake. Based on a sample of 191 physically active men and women (65–70 years), dietary intake was assessed using a 90-items food-frequency-questionnaire (FFQ) and Healthy Diet Score (HDS) was calculated. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometry and self-report. A sarcopenia risk score (SRS) was derived based on three indicators of muscle health: muscle mass was assessed using bioelectrical impedance and handgrip strength and 5 times sit-to-stand (5-STS) were determined by standardized procedures. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to examine differences in SRS and its components across sex-specific tertiles of HDS, with adjustments for covariates including total energy intake, protein intake and MSA. A significant main effect (p< 0.05) of HDS on SRS was observed, where those belonging to the highest HDS tertile had lower SRS compared to those in the lowest tertile. A corresponding significant effect was observed for 5-STS performance, with better performance in those with the highest HDS adherence compared to those with the lowest. The present study supports guidelines emphasizing diet quality beyond amounts of macro- and micronutrients in the prevention of age-related deterioration of muscle health. Importantly, the benefits from healthy dietary patterns are evident in older adults who already adhere to guidelines for health-enhancing physical activity.
Konstantinos-Georgios Papaioannou; Andreas Nilsson; Lena Maria Nilsson; Fawzi Kadi. Healthy Eating Is Associated with Sarcopenia Risk in Physically Active Older Adults. Nutrients 2021, 13, 2813 .
AMA StyleKonstantinos-Georgios Papaioannou, Andreas Nilsson, Lena Maria Nilsson, Fawzi Kadi. Healthy Eating Is Associated with Sarcopenia Risk in Physically Active Older Adults. Nutrients. 2021; 13 (8):2813.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKonstantinos-Georgios Papaioannou; Andreas Nilsson; Lena Maria Nilsson; Fawzi Kadi. 2021. "Healthy Eating Is Associated with Sarcopenia Risk in Physically Active Older Adults." Nutrients 13, no. 8: 2813.
The study aimed to examine sex-specific associations between objectively measured sedentary patterns and pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers in older adults when considering the moderating impact of physical activity (PA). Accelerometer-based monitoring of sedentary patterns and PA was conducted in a population of older men (n = 83; age: 67.4 ± 1.5; height: 178.7 ± 6.6 cm; weight: 80.9 ± 10.6 kg) and women (n = 146; age: 67.4 ± 1.6; height: 164.2 ± 6.1 cm; weight: 64.6 ± 10.1 kg) aged 65–70. Blood samples were collected for the assessment of the inflammatory biomarkers C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, IL-18, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression models. Total and bouts of ≥10 min of sedentary time were inversely associated with the anti-inflammatory marker IL-10 in older men (accumulated sedentary time: β = −0.116; bouts: β = −0.099; all p < 0.05). Associations were independent of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and total PA volume. In women, total and bouts of ≥10 min of sedentary time were detrimentally associated with the pro-inflammatory marker fibrinogen (accumulated sedentary time: β = −0.130; bouts: β = −0.085; all p < 0.05). Associations remained between accumulated sedentary time and fibrinogen when adjusting for MVPA and total PA volume. This study highlights sex-specific routes by which sedentary patterns impact on pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers in older adults. The findings support efforts to promote accumulation of time spent in PA at the expense of time in sedentary pursuits on low-grade inflammation in older men and women.
Oscar Bergens; Andreas Nilsson; Konstantinos-Georgios Papaioannou; Fawzi Kadi. Sedentary Patterns and Systemic Inflammation: Sex-Specific Links in Older Adults. Frontiers in Physiology 2021, 12, 1 .
AMA StyleOscar Bergens, Andreas Nilsson, Konstantinos-Georgios Papaioannou, Fawzi Kadi. Sedentary Patterns and Systemic Inflammation: Sex-Specific Links in Older Adults. Frontiers in Physiology. 2021; 12 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOscar Bergens; Andreas Nilsson; Konstantinos-Georgios Papaioannou; Fawzi Kadi. 2021. "Sedentary Patterns and Systemic Inflammation: Sex-Specific Links in Older Adults." Frontiers in Physiology 12, no. : 1.
Sarcopenia in older adults is associated with a higher risk of falls, disability, loss of independence, and mortality. Current physical activity (PA) guidelines recommend engagement in muscle-strengthening activities (MSA) in addition to aerobic moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). However, little is known about the impact of MSA in addition to adherence to the MVPA recommendation in the guidelines. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to determine whether or not engagement in MSA is linked to sarcopenia risk in older adults who meet the PA guidelines of 150 min of MVPA per week. A total of 193 community-dwelling older men and women (65–70 years) were included in the study. A continuous sex-specific clustered sarcopenia risk score (SRS) was created based on muscle mass assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis, handgrip strength, and five times sit-to-stand (5STS) time, assessed using standardized procedures. Adherence to PA guidelines was assessed using the Actigraph GT3x accelerometer and the EPAQ2 questionnaire. Guideline adherence to MSA twice a week was related to a significantly (p < 0.05) lower SRS compared to those who did not. This finding was evident after adjustment for adherence to the protein intake guideline and abdominal obesity. Similar impacts were observed for muscle mass and 5-STS but not for handgrip strength. In conclusion, guideline adherence to MSA is related to lower sarcopenia risk in older adults who already accumulate 150 weekly minutes of MVPA, which reinforces the promotion of the MSA guideline, alongside the MVPA guideline, to fight against sarcopenia progression in ageing populations.
Jort Veen; Diego Montiel-Rojas; Andreas Nilsson; Fawzi Kadi. Engagement in Muscle-Strengthening Activities Lowers Sarcopenia Risk in Older Adults Already Adhering to the Aerobic Physical Activity Guidelines. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 989 .
AMA StyleJort Veen, Diego Montiel-Rojas, Andreas Nilsson, Fawzi Kadi. Engagement in Muscle-Strengthening Activities Lowers Sarcopenia Risk in Older Adults Already Adhering to the Aerobic Physical Activity Guidelines. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (3):989.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJort Veen; Diego Montiel-Rojas; Andreas Nilsson; Fawzi Kadi. 2021. "Engagement in Muscle-Strengthening Activities Lowers Sarcopenia Risk in Older Adults Already Adhering to the Aerobic Physical Activity Guidelines." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3: 989.
Key points Reduced vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression prompts skeletal muscle atrophy. Atrophy occurs through catabolic processes, namely the induction of autophagy, while anabolism remains unchanged. In response to VDR‐knockdown mitochondrial function and related gene‐set expression is impaired. In vitro VDR knockdown induces myogenic dysregulation occurring through impaired differentiation. These results highlight the autonomous role the VDR has within skeletal muscle mass regulation. Abstract Vitamin D deficiency is estimated to affect ∼40% of the world's population and has been associated with impaired muscle maintenance. Vitamin D exerts its actions through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), the expression of which was recently confirmed in skeletal muscle, and its down‐regulation is linked to reduced muscle mass and functional decline. To identify potential mechanisms underlying muscle atrophy, we studied the impact of VDR knockdown (KD) on mature skeletal muscle in vivo, and myogenic regulation in vitro in C2C12 cells. Male Wistar rats underwent in vivo electrotransfer (IVE) to knock down the VDR in hind‐limb tibialis anterior (TA) muscle for 10 days. Comprehensive metabolic and physiological analysis was undertaken to define the influence loss of the VDR on muscle fibre composition, protein synthesis, anabolic and catabolic signalling, mitochondrial phenotype and gene expression. Finally, in vitro lentiviral transfection was used to induce sustained VDR‐KD in C2C12 cells to analyse myogenic regulation. Muscle VDR‐KD elicited atrophy through a reduction in total protein content, resulting in lower myofibre area. Activation of autophagic processes was observed, with no effect upon muscle protein synthesis or anabolic signalling. Furthermore, RNA‐sequencing analysis identified systematic down‐regulation of multiple mitochondrial respiration‐related protein and genesets. Finally, in vitro VDR‐knockdown impaired myogenesis (cell cycling, differentiation and myotube formation). Together, these data indicate a fundamental regulatory role of the VDR in the regulation of myogenesis and muscle mass, whereby it acts to maintain muscle mitochondrial function and limit autophagy.
Joseph J. Bass; Abid A. Kazi; Colleen S. Deane; Asif Nakhuda; Stephen P. Ashcroft; Matthew S. Brook; Daniel J. Wilkinson; Bethan E. Phillips; Andrew Philp; Janelle Tarum; Fawzi Kadi; Ditte Andersen; Amadeo Muñoz Garcia; Ken Smith; Iain J. Gallagher; Nathaniel J. Szewczyk; Mark E. Cleasby; Philip J Atherton. The mechanisms of skeletal muscle atrophy in response to transient knockdown of the vitamin D receptor in vivo. The Journal of Physiology 2020, 599, 963 -979.
AMA StyleJoseph J. Bass, Abid A. Kazi, Colleen S. Deane, Asif Nakhuda, Stephen P. Ashcroft, Matthew S. Brook, Daniel J. Wilkinson, Bethan E. Phillips, Andrew Philp, Janelle Tarum, Fawzi Kadi, Ditte Andersen, Amadeo Muñoz Garcia, Ken Smith, Iain J. Gallagher, Nathaniel J. Szewczyk, Mark E. Cleasby, Philip J Atherton. The mechanisms of skeletal muscle atrophy in response to transient knockdown of the vitamin D receptor in vivo. The Journal of Physiology. 2020; 599 (3):963-979.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoseph J. Bass; Abid A. Kazi; Colleen S. Deane; Asif Nakhuda; Stephen P. Ashcroft; Matthew S. Brook; Daniel J. Wilkinson; Bethan E. Phillips; Andrew Philp; Janelle Tarum; Fawzi Kadi; Ditte Andersen; Amadeo Muñoz Garcia; Ken Smith; Iain J. Gallagher; Nathaniel J. Szewczyk; Mark E. Cleasby; Philip J Atherton. 2020. "The mechanisms of skeletal muscle atrophy in response to transient knockdown of the vitamin D receptor in vivo." The Journal of Physiology 599, no. 3: 963-979.
While an adequate protein intake is important for the maintenance of muscle mass during ageing, the amount and source of protein necessary for optimal prevention of sarcopenia remains to be determined. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of the amount and source of dietary proteins on sarcopenia risk in a cohort of 65–79-year-old European adults within the frame of the NU-AGE study. A total of 986 participants were included in the analysis. Skeletal muscle index (SMI), assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and handgrip strength (HG) were employed to create a continuous sex-specific sarcopenia risk score (SRS). Total amount together with animal- and plant-derived sources of proteins were obtained from a 7-day food record. Differences in SRS were analysed across groups of total protein intake (<0.8 g/body weight (BW); 0.8–<1.0 g/BW; 1.0–<1.2 g/BW; and ≥1.2 g/BW). The association between SRS and the different sources of protein was assessed using isocaloric substitution models adjusted by demographic, medical, and lifestyle factors. A significant linear dose-response relationship was observed, with a lower SRS linked to higher protein intakes. Based on the isocaloric substitution modelling, a reduced SRS was observed when increasing plant protein to the detriment of animal protein, while holding total protein intake constant. Further, this result remained significant after stratifying the analysis by adherence to different levels of protein intake. Our findings suggest that older adults may benefit from increasing protein intakes above current recommendations. Besides total amount, protein source should be considered when promoting health dietary habits in older adults for the prevention of sarcopenia.
Diego Montiel-Rojas; Andreas Nilsson; Aurelia Santoro; Alberto Bazzocchi; Lisette C. P. G. M. De Groot; Edith J. M. Feskens; Agnes A. M. Berendsen; Dawid Madej; Joanna Kaluza; Barbara Pietruszka; Amy Jennings; Susan Fairweather-Tait; Giuseppe Battista; Miriam Capri; Claudio Franceschi; Fawzi Kadi. Fighting Sarcopenia in Ageing European Adults: The Importance of the Amount and Source of Dietary Proteins. Nutrients 2020, 12, 3601 .
AMA StyleDiego Montiel-Rojas, Andreas Nilsson, Aurelia Santoro, Alberto Bazzocchi, Lisette C. P. G. M. De Groot, Edith J. M. Feskens, Agnes A. M. Berendsen, Dawid Madej, Joanna Kaluza, Barbara Pietruszka, Amy Jennings, Susan Fairweather-Tait, Giuseppe Battista, Miriam Capri, Claudio Franceschi, Fawzi Kadi. Fighting Sarcopenia in Ageing European Adults: The Importance of the Amount and Source of Dietary Proteins. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (12):3601.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiego Montiel-Rojas; Andreas Nilsson; Aurelia Santoro; Alberto Bazzocchi; Lisette C. P. G. M. De Groot; Edith J. M. Feskens; Agnes A. M. Berendsen; Dawid Madej; Joanna Kaluza; Barbara Pietruszka; Amy Jennings; Susan Fairweather-Tait; Giuseppe Battista; Miriam Capri; Claudio Franceschi; Fawzi Kadi. 2020. "Fighting Sarcopenia in Ageing European Adults: The Importance of the Amount and Source of Dietary Proteins." Nutrients 12, no. 12: 3601.
Dietary fat subtypes may play an important role in the regulation of muscle mass and function during ageing. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of isocaloric macronutrient substitutions, including different fat subtypes, on sarcopenia risk in older men and women, while accounting for physical activity (PA) and metabolic risk. A total of 986 participants, aged 65–79 years, completed a 7-day food record and wore an accelerometer for a week. A continuous sex-specific sarcopenia risk score (SRS), including skeletal muscle mass assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and handgrip strength, was derived. The impact of the isocaloric replacement of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) by either mono- (MUFAs) or poly-unsaturated (PUFAs) fatty acids on SRS was determined using regression analysis based on the whole sample and stratified by adherence to a recommended protein intake (1.1 g/BW). Isocaloric reduction of SFAs for the benefit of PUFAs was associated with a lower SRS in the whole population, and in those with a protein intake below 1.1 g/BW, after accounting for age, smoking habits, metabolic disturbances, and adherence to PA guidelines. The present study highlighted the potential of promoting healthy diets with optimised fat subtype distribution in the prevention of sarcopenia in older adults.
Diego Montiel-Rojas; Aurelia Santoro; Andreas Nilsson; Claudio Franceschi; Miriam Capri; Alberto Bazzocchi; Giuseppe Battista; Lisette De Groot; Edith Feskens; Agnes Berendsen; Agata Bialecka-Debek; Olga Surala; Barbara Pietruszka; Susan Fairweather-Tait; Amy Jennings; Frederic Capel; Fawzi Kadi. Beneficial Role of Replacing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Sarcopenia: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort. Nutrients 2020, 12, 3079 .
AMA StyleDiego Montiel-Rojas, Aurelia Santoro, Andreas Nilsson, Claudio Franceschi, Miriam Capri, Alberto Bazzocchi, Giuseppe Battista, Lisette De Groot, Edith Feskens, Agnes Berendsen, Agata Bialecka-Debek, Olga Surala, Barbara Pietruszka, Susan Fairweather-Tait, Amy Jennings, Frederic Capel, Fawzi Kadi. Beneficial Role of Replacing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Sarcopenia: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (10):3079.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiego Montiel-Rojas; Aurelia Santoro; Andreas Nilsson; Claudio Franceschi; Miriam Capri; Alberto Bazzocchi; Giuseppe Battista; Lisette De Groot; Edith Feskens; Agnes Berendsen; Agata Bialecka-Debek; Olga Surala; Barbara Pietruszka; Susan Fairweather-Tait; Amy Jennings; Frederic Capel; Fawzi Kadi. 2020. "Beneficial Role of Replacing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Sarcopenia: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort." Nutrients 12, no. 10: 3079.
Sarcopenia is characterised by a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and physical function as well as related metabolic disturbances. While fibre-rich diets can influence metabolic health outcomes, the impact on skeletal muscle mass and function is yet to be determined, and the moderating effects by physical activity (PA) need to be considered. The aim of the present study was to examine links between fibre intake, skeletal muscle mass and physical function in a cohort of older adults from the NU-AGE study. In 981 older adults (71 ± 4 years, 58% female), physical function was assessed using the short-physical performance battery test and handgrip strength. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was derived using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Dietary fibre intake (FI) was assessed by 7-day food record and PA was objectively determined by accelerometery. General linear models accounting for covariates including PA level, protein intake and metabolic syndrome (MetS) were used. Women above the median FI had significantly higher SMI compared to those below, which remained in fully adjusted models (24.7 ± 0.2% vs. 24.2 ± 0.1%, p = 0.011, η2p = 0.012). In men, the same association was only evident in those without MetS (above median FI: 32.4 ± 0.3% vs. below median FI: 31.3 ± 0.3%, p = 0.005, η2p = 0.035). There was no significant impact of FI on physical function outcomes. The findings from this study suggest a beneficial impact of FI on skeletal muscle mass in older adults. Importantly, this impact is independent of adherence to guidelines for protein intake and PA, which further strengthens the potential role of dietary fibre in preventing sarcopenia. Further experimental work is warranted in order to elucidate the mechanisms underpinning the action of dietary fibre on the regulation of muscle mass.
Diego Montiel-Rojas; Andreas Nilsson; Aurelia Santoro; Claudio Franceschi; Alberto Bazzocchi; Giuseppe Battista; Lisette C. P. G. M. De Groot; Edith J. M. Feskens; Agnes Berendsen; Barbara Pietruszka; Olga Januszko; Susan Fairweather-Tait; Amy Jennings; Claudio Nicoletti; Fawzi Kadi. Dietary Fibre May Mitigate Sarcopenia Risk: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort of Older European Adults. Nutrients 2020, 12, 1075 .
AMA StyleDiego Montiel-Rojas, Andreas Nilsson, Aurelia Santoro, Claudio Franceschi, Alberto Bazzocchi, Giuseppe Battista, Lisette C. P. G. M. De Groot, Edith J. M. Feskens, Agnes Berendsen, Barbara Pietruszka, Olga Januszko, Susan Fairweather-Tait, Amy Jennings, Claudio Nicoletti, Fawzi Kadi. Dietary Fibre May Mitigate Sarcopenia Risk: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort of Older European Adults. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (4):1075.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiego Montiel-Rojas; Andreas Nilsson; Aurelia Santoro; Claudio Franceschi; Alberto Bazzocchi; Giuseppe Battista; Lisette C. P. G. M. De Groot; Edith J. M. Feskens; Agnes Berendsen; Barbara Pietruszka; Olga Januszko; Susan Fairweather-Tait; Amy Jennings; Claudio Nicoletti; Fawzi Kadi. 2020. "Dietary Fibre May Mitigate Sarcopenia Risk: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort of Older European Adults." Nutrients 12, no. 4: 1075.
Age-related loss of muscle mass may result from reduced protein synthesis stimulation in response to anabolic stimuli, such as amino acid (AA) supplementation. The exact etiology of anabolic resistance to AA remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the anabolic response [cell size, protein synthesis and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway] to the AA glutamine (a strong anabolic AA highly present in skeletal muscle) in myotubes obtained from 8 young (YW; 21-35 yrs) and 8 older (OW; 65-70 yrs) healthy women. This in vitro model of human primary myogenic cells explores the intrinsic behavior of muscle cells, while excluding potential influences of external factors. We showed that despite lower muscle mass, strength and cardiorespiratory fitness in OW compared to YW, myotube size (myotube diameter and area) and protein synthesis were not altered in OW, and glutamine-induced myotube hypertrophy and protein synthesis were preserved in OW. Apart from a lower glutamine-induced increase in P70S6 kinase phosphorylation in OW, no significant differences in other components of the mTOR pathway were observed between groups. Altogether, our data support the idea that the intrinsic capacity of muscle cells to respond to glutamine stimulation is preserved in healthy older women.
Thomas Chaillou; Igor Sanna; Fawzi Kadi. Glutamine-stimulated in vitro hypertrophy is preserved in muscle cells from older women. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 2020, 187, 111228 .
AMA StyleThomas Chaillou, Igor Sanna, Fawzi Kadi. Glutamine-stimulated in vitro hypertrophy is preserved in muscle cells from older women. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development. 2020; 187 ():111228.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThomas Chaillou; Igor Sanna; Fawzi Kadi. 2020. "Glutamine-stimulated in vitro hypertrophy is preserved in muscle cells from older women." Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 187, no. : 111228.
Fawzi Kadi; Andreas Nilsson; Aurelia Santoro; Claudio Franceschi. Impact Of Physical Activity On N-glycan Profile In Older Adults. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 2019, 51, 542 -542.
AMA StyleFawzi Kadi, Andreas Nilsson, Aurelia Santoro, Claudio Franceschi. Impact Of Physical Activity On N-glycan Profile In Older Adults. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2019; 51 (6S):542-542.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFawzi Kadi; Andreas Nilsson; Aurelia Santoro; Claudio Franceschi. 2019. "Impact Of Physical Activity On N-glycan Profile In Older Adults." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 51, no. 6S: 542-542.
N-linked enzymatic glycosylation modulates the function of proteins and contributes to development of age-related metabolic abnormalities. Whether physical activity (PA) is linked to a specific N-glycan profile and can offset detrimental links between N-glycans and metabolic risk profile has never been explored. The aim of the present study is to assess serum N-glycan profile in older women with different PA levels and metabolic risk status. Components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and serum N-glycans analyzed using DSA-FACE technology were assessed in 109 older community-dwelling women (65–70 yrs). Ten peaks, each representing a unique N-glycan structure were detected. Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was assessed objectively using accelerometry. All analyses were adjusted by covariates. Significantly elevated levels of NGA2FB (peak 2) and NA3F (peak 9) and lower level of the α(1,6)-arm monogalactosylated (NG1(6)A2F) (peak 3) were demonstrated in women with MetS compared to their healthier peers (p < 0.05). Importantly, women adhering to the PA guideline of time in MVPA had a 10% and a 12% lower level of NA3 (peak 8) and NA4 (peak 10), respectively, compared to those less active even after adjustment by MetS and covariates (p < 0.05). Interestingly, time spent in PA below the MVPA threshold was not linked to N-glycans. Novel links between PA behaviors and N-glycan profile are demonstrated in older adults, regardless of metabolic risk status. This proposed effect on N-glycans requires engagement in MVPA. This supports public health efforts to promote adherence to PA guidelines in older adults across different stages of disease prevention.
Andreas Nilsson; Aurelia Santoro; Claudio Franceschi; Fawzi Kadi. Detrimental links between physical inactivity, metabolic risk and N-glycomic biomarkers of aging. Experimental Gerontology 2019, 124, 110626 .
AMA StyleAndreas Nilsson, Aurelia Santoro, Claudio Franceschi, Fawzi Kadi. Detrimental links between physical inactivity, metabolic risk and N-glycomic biomarkers of aging. Experimental Gerontology. 2019; 124 ():110626.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndreas Nilsson; Aurelia Santoro; Claudio Franceschi; Fawzi Kadi. 2019. "Detrimental links between physical inactivity, metabolic risk and N-glycomic biomarkers of aging." Experimental Gerontology 124, no. : 110626.
Context Chronic inflammation increases diabetes risk and may be exacerbated by excess adipose tissue. Whether cardiovascular fitness can offset chronic inflammation associated with excess adipose tissue in older adults is unclear. Objective The study aimed to examine the influence of cardiorespiratory fitness on links between adiposity and pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers related to metabolic risk in physically active older women. Design, Setting, and Participants Cross-sectional study comprising older community-dwelling women (n = 109; age, 65 to 70 years). Main Outcome Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using a standardized submaximal test and participants were categorized into high- and low-adiposity–related metabolic risk [body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and total fat mass]. The inflammatory biomarkers C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, adiponectin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α were analyzed. Results Regardless of adiposity measure, women in the metabolic high-risk group had substantially elevated (P < 0.05) CRP and lower adiponectin levels. Levels of IL-6 and MIP1-α were elevated in the high-risk group defined by WHR and total fat mass. The IL-18 level was elevated in the high-risk group based on WHR only. Importantly, a high cardiorespiratory fitness level did not attenuate the detrimental links between adiposity measures and inflammation. Conclusions Cardiorespiratory fitness does not offset the detrimental links between adiposity and several inflammatory biomarkers related to metabolic risk in physically active older women. Reducing abdominal adipose tissue in older adults should be emphasized in efforts aiming to attenuate age-related systemic inflammation and metabolic risk regardless of cardiorespiratory fitness.
Oscar Bergens; Andreas Nilsson; Fawzi Kadi. Cardiorespiratory Fitness Does Not Offset Adiposity-Related Systemic Inflammation in Physically Active Older Women. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2019, 104, 4119 -4126.
AMA StyleOscar Bergens, Andreas Nilsson, Fawzi Kadi. Cardiorespiratory Fitness Does Not Offset Adiposity-Related Systemic Inflammation in Physically Active Older Women. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2019; 104 (9):4119-4126.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOscar Bergens; Andreas Nilsson; Fawzi Kadi. 2019. "Cardiorespiratory Fitness Does Not Offset Adiposity-Related Systemic Inflammation in Physically Active Older Women." The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 104, no. 9: 4119-4126.
While dietary patterns are related to the age-related progression of chronic diseases, to what extent different dietary patterns influence inflammatory and metabolic risk factors in older adults remains to be elucidated. Additionally, potential moderating effects by physical activity (PA) become important to clarify. Here, we hypothesize that dietary patterns are linked to inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers and that these links are independent of PA. The present study aims to explore links between two dietary constructs and biomarkers of systemic inflammation and metabolic health in older women, while considering time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). A cross-sectional analysis of a sample of 112 community-dwelling older women (65–70 years old) was performed. Dietary constructs based on the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and the dietary inflammatory index (DII) were determined from food records. MVPA was objectively assessed using accelerometry. Metabolic outcomes (waist circumference, systolic/diastolic blood pressures and levels of glucose, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol) and inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen and adiponectin) were determined using standardized procedures and a clustered metabolic risk score was derived. Adherence to DASH-style diet was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with a lower clustered metabolic risk, where women in the highest adherence group had a significantly (p < 0.05) lower waist circumference and blood glucose level compared to those in the lowest group. Further, a significantly higher (p < 0.05) adiponectin level was observed in the high DASH adherence group compared to those with low adherence. Notably, adjustment by waist circumference did not alter links with either adiponectin or blood glucose level. Importantly, all observed links remained significant after further adjustment for time in MVPA. Finally, no significant associations were observed when the dietary pattern was defined by the DII. The findings of this study demonstrate that DASH-style diets promote a systemic anti-inflammatory environment, while also mitigating clustered metabolic risk in older women. A key finding is that favourable impacts of the DASH-style diet are independent of time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA, which further strengthens healthy eating behaviours as a key target for clinical and public health interventions designed to prevent age-related metabolic abnormalities.
Andreas Nilsson; Patrik Halvardsson; Fawzi Kadi; Kadi. Adherence to DASH-Style Dietary Pattern Impacts on Adiponectin and Clustered Metabolic Risk in Older Women. Nutrients 2019, 11, 805 .
AMA StyleAndreas Nilsson, Patrik Halvardsson, Fawzi Kadi, Kadi. Adherence to DASH-Style Dietary Pattern Impacts on Adiponectin and Clustered Metabolic Risk in Older Women. Nutrients. 2019; 11 (4):805.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndreas Nilsson; Patrik Halvardsson; Fawzi Kadi; Kadi. 2019. "Adherence to DASH-Style Dietary Pattern Impacts on Adiponectin and Clustered Metabolic Risk in Older Women." Nutrients 11, no. 4: 805.
The role of dietary protein intake on muscle mass and physical function in older adults is important for the prevention of age-related physical limitations. The aim of the present study was to elucidate links between dietary protein intake and muscle mass and physical function in older women meeting current guidelines of objectively assessed physical activity. In 106 women (65 to 70 years old), protein intake was assessed using a 6-day food record and participants were classified into high and low protein intake groups using two Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) thresholds (0.8 g·kg−1 bodyweight (BW) and 1.1 g·kg−1 BW). Body composition, aerobic fitness, and quadriceps strength were determined using standardized procedures, and self-reported physical function was assessed using the SF-12 Health Survey. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometry and self-report. Women below the 0.8 g·kg−1 BW threshold had a lower muscle mass (p < 0.05) with no differences in physical function variables. When based on the higher RDA threshold (1.1 g·kg−1 BW), in addition to significant differences in muscle mass, women below the higher threshold had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher likelihood of having physical limitations. In conclusion, the present study supports the RDA threshold of 0.8 g·kg−1 BW of proteins to prevent the loss of muscle mass and emphasizes the importance of the higher RDA threshold of at least 1.1 g·kg−1 BW to infer additional benefits on constructs of physical function. Our study also supports the role of protein intake for healthy ageing, even in older adults meeting guidelines for physical activity.
Andreas Nilsson; Diego Montiel Rojas; Fawzi Kadi. Impact of Meeting Different Guidelines for Protein Intake on Muscle Mass and Physical Function in Physically Active Older Women. Nutrients 2018, 10, 1156 .
AMA StyleAndreas Nilsson, Diego Montiel Rojas, Fawzi Kadi. Impact of Meeting Different Guidelines for Protein Intake on Muscle Mass and Physical Function in Physically Active Older Women. Nutrients. 2018; 10 (9):1156.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndreas Nilsson; Diego Montiel Rojas; Fawzi Kadi. 2018. "Impact of Meeting Different Guidelines for Protein Intake on Muscle Mass and Physical Function in Physically Active Older Women." Nutrients 10, no. 9: 1156.
The present study aims to explore the potential influence of leucocyte telomere length (LTL) on both a single indicator and a composite construct of physical functioning in a large European population of elderly men and women across diverse geographical locations. A total of 1,221 adults (65–79 years) were recruited from five European countries within the framework of NU-AGE study. The physical functioning construct was based on the 36-item Short Form Health Survey. Handgrip strength was used as a single indicator of muscle function and LTL was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR. Women had significantly longer (p < 0.05) LTL than men. Participants in Poland had significantly shorter LTL than in the other study centers, whereas participants in the Netherlands had significantly longer LTL than most of the other centers (p < 0.01). An analysis of LTL as a continuous outcome against physical functioning by using linear models revealed inconsistent findings. In contrast, based on an analysis of contrasting telomere lengths (first vs. fifth quintile of LTL), a significant odds ratio (OR) of 1.7 (95% CI: 1.1 – 2.6; p < 0.05) of having functional limitation was observed in those belonging to the first LTL quintile compared to the fifth. Interestingly, having the shortest LTL was still related to a higher likelihood of having physical limitation when compared to all remaining quintiles (OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1 – 2.1; p < 0.05), even after adjustment by study center, age, sex, and overweight status. Collectively, our findings suggest that short LTL is an independent risk factor that accounts for functional decline in elderly European populations. The influence of LTL on functional limitation seems driven by the detrimental effect of having short telomeres rather than reflecting a linear dose-response relationship.
Diego Montiel Rojas; Andreas Nilsson; Elodie Ponsot; Robert J. Brummer; Susan Fairweather-Tait; Amy Jennings; Lisette C. P. G. M. De Groot; Agnes Berendsen; Barbara Pietruszka; Dawid Madej; Elodie Caumon; Nathalie Meunier; Corinne Malpuech-Brugère; Giulia Guidarelli; Aurelia Santoro; Claudio Franceschi; Fawzi Kadi. Short Telomere Length Is Related to Limitations in Physical Function in Elderly European Adults. Frontiers in Physiology 2018, 9, 1 .
AMA StyleDiego Montiel Rojas, Andreas Nilsson, Elodie Ponsot, Robert J. Brummer, Susan Fairweather-Tait, Amy Jennings, Lisette C. P. G. M. De Groot, Agnes Berendsen, Barbara Pietruszka, Dawid Madej, Elodie Caumon, Nathalie Meunier, Corinne Malpuech-Brugère, Giulia Guidarelli, Aurelia Santoro, Claudio Franceschi, Fawzi Kadi. Short Telomere Length Is Related to Limitations in Physical Function in Elderly European Adults. Frontiers in Physiology. 2018; 9 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiego Montiel Rojas; Andreas Nilsson; Elodie Ponsot; Robert J. Brummer; Susan Fairweather-Tait; Amy Jennings; Lisette C. P. G. M. De Groot; Agnes Berendsen; Barbara Pietruszka; Dawid Madej; Elodie Caumon; Nathalie Meunier; Corinne Malpuech-Brugère; Giulia Guidarelli; Aurelia Santoro; Claudio Franceschi; Fawzi Kadi. 2018. "Short Telomere Length Is Related to Limitations in Physical Function in Elderly European Adults." Frontiers in Physiology 9, no. : 1.
We aimed to examine cellular and molecular changes in skeletal muscle of recreationally active older women in response to 24 weeks of combined resistance training and N-3 PUFA-rich healthy diet. Sixty-three women (65–70 years) were randomized into resistance training and healthy diet rich in N-3PUFAs (RT-HD), resistance training only (RT) and controls (CON). Fiber type-specific morphological characteristics and gene expression of inflammatory biomarkers and regulators of muscle mass were analyzed in m. vastus lateralis biopsies obtained before the intervention and 4 days after the last training session. Gene expression of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β was downregulated (p < .05) and that of the regulator of cellular growth mTOR (p < 0.05) was upregulated in skeletal muscle of RT-HD only. There was also a significant hypertrophy of fast type IIA muscle fibers in RT-HD only (+23%, p < .05). In conclusion, resistance training combined to an N-3 PUFA-rich healthy diet but not alone triggers local anti-inflammatory and growth responses, favoring skeletal muscle hypertrophy in already recreationally active older women.
Emelie Strandberg; Elodie Ponsot; Karin Piehl-Aulin; Gunnar Falk; Fawzi Kadi. Resistance Training Alone or Combined With N-3 PUFA-Rich Diet in Older Women: Effects on Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A 2018, 74, 489 -494.
AMA StyleEmelie Strandberg, Elodie Ponsot, Karin Piehl-Aulin, Gunnar Falk, Fawzi Kadi. Resistance Training Alone or Combined With N-3 PUFA-Rich Diet in Older Women: Effects on Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A. 2018; 74 (4):489-494.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmelie Strandberg; Elodie Ponsot; Karin Piehl-Aulin; Gunnar Falk; Fawzi Kadi. 2018. "Resistance Training Alone or Combined With N-3 PUFA-Rich Diet in Older Women: Effects on Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy." The Journals of Gerontology: Series A 74, no. 4: 489-494.
Purpose To examine the influence of reallocating time spent at different objectively measured physical activity (PA) behaviors on markers of systemic inflammation in older women with different levels of metabolic risk. Methods Accelerometer-based monitoring of PA was conducted in a population of community-dwelling older women (n = 111; age, 65–70 yr) for determination of daily sedentary time, time in light PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Blood samples were collected for the assessment of the systemic inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and adiponectin. Metabolic risk was assessed by standardized procedures based on definitions for the metabolic syndrome. Data were analyzed by linear regression models based on isotemporal substitution analysis. Results Reallocating 30 min of sedentary time with either time in LPA (β = −0.47; P < 0.05) or MVPA (β = −0.42; P < 0.05) was related to reduced fibrinogen level, whereas no corresponding effect was evident when shifting time in LPA with time in MVPA, while holding sedentary time constant. In contrast, reallocating a 30-min period in sedentary (β = −0.70; P < 0.01) or LPA (β = −0.71; P < 0.01) with MVPA was associated with a significant reduction in CRP level, whereas no impact on CRP was observed when a period of sedentary behavior was replaced with LPA. Importantly, all significant influences on fibrinogen and CRP by displacement of different PA behaviors remained after adjustment for metabolic risk status among participants. No significant associations with adiponectin were observed. Conclusions Altogether, this work supports the existence of different intensity thresholds mediating beneficial effects of PA on important clinical markers of systemic inflammation in older women across different stages of disease prevention.
Andreas Nilsson; Oscar Bergens; Fawzi Kadi. Physical Activity Alters Inflammation in Older Adults by Different Intensity Levels. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 2018, 50, 1502 -1507.
AMA StyleAndreas Nilsson, Oscar Bergens, Fawzi Kadi. Physical Activity Alters Inflammation in Older Adults by Different Intensity Levels. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2018; 50 (7):1502-1507.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndreas Nilsson; Oscar Bergens; Fawzi Kadi. 2018. "Physical Activity Alters Inflammation in Older Adults by Different Intensity Levels." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 50, no. 7: 1502-1507.
Hakan C. Rundqvist; Janelle Tarum; Mona Esbjörnsson; Fawzi Kadi; Eva Jansson. Systemic Effect On Myotube Size After Sprint Exercise Combined With Nutrients. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 2018, 50, 807 .
AMA StyleHakan C. Rundqvist, Janelle Tarum, Mona Esbjörnsson, Fawzi Kadi, Eva Jansson. Systemic Effect On Myotube Size After Sprint Exercise Combined With Nutrients. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2018; 50 (5S):807.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHakan C. Rundqvist; Janelle Tarum; Mona Esbjörnsson; Fawzi Kadi; Eva Jansson. 2018. "Systemic Effect On Myotube Size After Sprint Exercise Combined With Nutrients." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 50, no. 5S: 807.
Background/Aims: Mechanisms underlying the relationship between systemic inflammation and age-related decline in muscle mass are poorly defined. The purpose of this work was to investigate the relationship between the systemic inflammatory marker CRP and muscle mass in elderly and to identify mechanisms by which CRP mediates its effects on skeletal muscle, in-vitro. Methods: Muscle mass and serum CRP level were determined in a cohort of 118 older women (67±1.7 years). Human muscle cells were differentiated into myotubes and were exposed to CRP. The size of myotubes was determined after immunofluorescent staining using troponin. Muscle protein synthesis was assessed using stable isotope tracers and key signalling pathways controlling protein synthesis were determined using western-blotting. Results: We observed an inverse relationship between circulating CRP level and muscle mass (β= -0.646 (95% CI: -0.888, -0.405) p
Britta Wåhlin-Larsson; Daniel J. Wilkinson; Emelie Strandberg; Adrian Hosford-Donovan; Philip J. Atherton; Fawzi Kadi. Mechanistic Links Underlying the Impact of C-Reactive Protein on Muscle Mass in Elderly. Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 2017, 44, 267 -278.
AMA StyleBritta Wåhlin-Larsson, Daniel J. Wilkinson, Emelie Strandberg, Adrian Hosford-Donovan, Philip J. Atherton, Fawzi Kadi. Mechanistic Links Underlying the Impact of C-Reactive Protein on Muscle Mass in Elderly. Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry. 2017; 44 (1):267-278.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBritta Wåhlin-Larsson; Daniel J. Wilkinson; Emelie Strandberg; Adrian Hosford-Donovan; Philip J. Atherton; Fawzi Kadi. 2017. "Mechanistic Links Underlying the Impact of C-Reactive Protein on Muscle Mass in Elderly." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 44, no. 1: 267-278.
What is the central question of this study? Is electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) an in vitro exercise model able to elicit the hypertrophy of human muscle cells? What is the main finding and its importance? The addition of a restitution period of 8 h after EPS induces the enlargement of human muscle cells, a major physiological end-point to resistance exercise. This is supported by downregulation of myostatin, a negative regulator of muscle mass, and increased phosphorylated mTOR and 4E-BP1, key factors in the growth cascade. This proof-of-concept study provides a model of physiologically mediated muscle growth, which will be the basis for future studies aiming to depict molecular events governing the hypertrophy of human muscle cells. Electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) of muscle cells has previously been used as an in vitro exercise model. The present study aimed to establish an EPS protocol promoting the hypertrophy of human muscle cells, which represents a major physiological end-point to resistance exercise in humans. We hypothesized that adding a resting period after EPS would be crucial for the occurrence of the morphological change. Myoblasts obtained from human muscle biopsies (n = 5) were differentiated into multinucleated myotubes and exposed to 8 h of EPS consisting of 2 ms pulses at 12 V, with a frequency of 1 Hz. Myotube size was assessed using immunohistochemistry immediately, 4 and 8 h after completed EPS. Gene expression and phosphorylation status of selected markers of hypertrophy were assessed using RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Release of the myokine interleukin-6 in culture medium was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We demonstrated a significant increase (31 ± 14%; P = 0.03) in the size of myotubes when EPS was followed by an 8 h resting period, but not immediately or 4 h after completion of EPS. The response was supported by downregulation (P = 0.04) of the gene expression of myostatin, a negative regulator of muscle mass, and an increase in phosphorylated mTOR (P = 0.03) and 4E-BP1 (P = 0.01), which are important factors in the cellular growth signalling cascade. The present work demonstrates that EPS is an in vitro exercise model promoting the hypertrophy of human muscle cells, recapitulating a major physiological end-point to resistance exercise in human skeletal muscle.
Janelle Tarum; Mattias Folkesson; Philip J. Atherton; Fawzi Kadi. Electrical pulse stimulation: anin vitroexercise model for the induction of human skeletal muscle cell hypertrophy. A proof-of-concept study. Experimental Physiology 2017, 102, 1405 -1413.
AMA StyleJanelle Tarum, Mattias Folkesson, Philip J. Atherton, Fawzi Kadi. Electrical pulse stimulation: anin vitroexercise model for the induction of human skeletal muscle cell hypertrophy. A proof-of-concept study. Experimental Physiology. 2017; 102 (11):1405-1413.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJanelle Tarum; Mattias Folkesson; Philip J. Atherton; Fawzi Kadi. 2017. "Electrical pulse stimulation: anin vitroexercise model for the induction of human skeletal muscle cell hypertrophy. A proof-of-concept study." Experimental Physiology 102, no. 11: 1405-1413.
The effects of 24 wk of resistance training combined with a healthy diet on lower limb explosive strength capacity were investigated in a population of healthy elderly women. Participants ( n = 63; 67.5 ± 0.4 yr) were randomized into three groups; resistance training (RT), resistance training and healthy diet (RT-HD), and control (CON). Progressive resistance training was performed at a load of 75–85% one-repetition maximum. A major adjustment in the healthy dietary approach was an n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio below 2. Lower limb maximal strength, explosive force capacity during dynamic and isometric movements, whole body lean mass, and physical function were assessed. Whole body lean mass significantly increased by 1.5 ± 0.5% in RT-HD only. Isometric strength performance during knee extension as well as the performance in the five sit-to-stand and single-leg-stance tests increased similarly in RT and RT-HD. Improvements in dynamic peak power and time to reach peak power (i.e shorter time) during knee extension occurred in both RT (+15.7 ± 2.6 and −11.0 ± 3.8%, respectively) and RT-HD (+24.6 ± 2.6 and −20.3 ± 2.7%, respectively); however, changes were significantly larger in RT-HD. Similarly, changes in peak force and rate of force development during squat jump were higher in RT-HD (+58.5 ± 8.4 and +185.4 ± 32.9%, respectively) compared with RT (+35.7 ± 6.9 and +105.4 ± 22.4%, respectively). In conclusion, a healthy diet rich in n-3 PUFA can optimize the effects of resistance training on dynamic explosive strength capacity during isolated lower limb movements and multijoint exercises in healthy elderly women. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Age-related decline in lower limb explosive strength leads to impaired ability to perform daily living tasks. The present randomized controlled trial demonstrates that a healthy diet rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) enhances resistance training-induced gains in dynamic explosive strength capacity during isolated lower limb movements and multijoint exercises in healthy elderly women. This supports the use of strategies combining resistance training and dietary changes to mitigate the decline in explosive strength capacity in older adults.
Peter Edholm; Emelie Strandberg; Fawzi Kadi. Lower limb explosive strength capacity in elderly women: effects of resistance training and healthy diet. Journal of Applied Physiology 2017, 123, 190 -196.
AMA StylePeter Edholm, Emelie Strandberg, Fawzi Kadi. Lower limb explosive strength capacity in elderly women: effects of resistance training and healthy diet. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2017; 123 (1):190-196.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeter Edholm; Emelie Strandberg; Fawzi Kadi. 2017. "Lower limb explosive strength capacity in elderly women: effects of resistance training and healthy diet." Journal of Applied Physiology 123, no. 1: 190-196.