(1) Background: Intensive insulin therapy using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) with continuous real-time glucose monitoring (rt CGM) is the best option for patients with T1D. The recent introduction of a technology called Advanced Hybrid Closed Loop (AHCL) represents a new era in the treatment of type 1 diabetes, the next step towards better care, as well as improving the effectiveness and safety of therapy. The aim is to present the case of a T1D patient with a borderline total daily dose of insulin being treated with the Medtronic AHCL system in automatic mode. (2) Materials and Methods: A 9-year-old boy, from October 2020, with type 1 diabetes in remission was connected to the Minimed™ 780G (AHCL) system in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations (daily insulin dose > 8 units, age > 7). Records of the patient’s history were collected from visits to The Department of Children’s Diabetology, as well as from the Medtronic CareLink™ software and the DPV SWEET program from October 2020 to April 2021. (3) Results: The patient’s total daily insulin requirement decreased in the first 6 weeks after the AHCL was connected, which may reflect the remission phase (tight glycemic control with a healthy lifestyle). The lowest daily insulin requirement of 5.7 units was also recorded. In a three-month follow-up of the patient treated with AHCL, it was found that for almost 38% of the days the insulin dose was less than 8 IU. (4) Conclusions: The AHCL system allows safe and effective insulin therapy in automatic mode, as well as in patients with a lower daily insulin requirement. The AHCL system should be considered a good therapeutic option for patients from the onset of T1D, as well in the remission phase.

Background: Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic, immune‐mediated inflammatory disorder affecting the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nails. Conventional therapies such as corticosteroids and systemic immunosuppressants often demonstrate limited efficacy and are associated with undesirable side effects. The underlying inflammatory process is largely dominated by Th1/IFN‐ɣ cytokines and the activation of the Janus kinase (JAK)‐STAT pathway, highlighting JAK inhibitors as a novel, targeted therapeutic approach for recalcitrant forms of LP. Aim: The aim of the study was to systematically analyze the current scientific evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitors in the treatment of various LP variants. Material and Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases from inception up to May 2026. Eighty‐four relevant studies were enrolled into the final analysis. The risk of bias and quality of evidence were assessed using the JBI critical appraisal tools. Results: The final analysis consisted predominantly of case reports, case series, and limited controlled trials. Both systemic agents (e.g., tofacitinib, upadacitinib, and baricitinib) and topical formulations (e.g., ruxolitinib) demonstrated rapid reductions in pruritus and pain, followed by clinical resolution of inflammatory lesions. High rates of complete and partial clinical responses were observed across diverse variants. Short‐term adverse effects were generally mild and manageable, although the overall certainty of the evidence was low. Conclusions: JAK inhibitors demonstrate a promising preliminary clinical response and acceptable short‐term safety for managing refractory LP variants. While these agents present a valuable alternative to conventional therapies, the current evidence relies heavily on observational data. Large, randomized controlled trials with long‐term follow‐up are needed to establish optimal dosing, confirm safety, and evaluate sustained efficacy in clinical practice.

Types diabetes other than type 1 are generally considered rare in children and adolescents. The incidence of type 2 diabetes has increased dramatically over the past decade in some ethnic groups. The increased incidence of this type of diabetes mellitus has corresponded tem-porally to...

Introduction: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with systemic features, characterized by painful nodules, abscesses, and sinus tracts. Pro-inflammatory cytokines may serve as biomarkers of disease severity, inflammatory burden, and therapeutic response. The aim of this article is to systematically review the current evidence on serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with HS and to evaluate their potential utility as biomarkers of disease activity and personalized treatment guidance. Materials and Methods: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, with Google Scholar used as a supplementary source. The search included English-language publications from 2015 to 2026. The following keywords were used in combination: “cytokines”, “serum”, “hidradenitis suppurativa”, and “markers”. In addition, reference lists and citations of eligible full-text articles were manually screened. Eligible studies for inclusion were peer-reviewed, original human studies reporting serum cytokine levels in patients with HS. Reviews, meta-analyses, case reports, editorials, letters, in vitro and animal studies, conference abstracts without the full text available, non-serum studies, and thematically unrelated publications were excluded. Results: Database searches identified records in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar, of which three PubMed studies met the inclusion criteria. Manual screening of reference lists and citations identified three additional eligible publications. Overall, six studies were included in the final qualitative synthesis. The included studies reported elevated serum levels of key inflammatory mediators, including IL-17A, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-23, IL-18, and soluble TNF receptors, in patients with HS compared to healthy controls. Several cytokines were associated with disease severity, and selected markers showed changes during biologic treatment. Stratification into immunological endotypes based on cytokine profiles and clinical features was also proposed. Conclusions: Pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially those involved in the IL-1β–IL-17 axis, show potential as biomarkers of disease severity and treatment response in HS. Their assessment may support future personalized therapeutic strategies. However, current evidence remains limited by small study numbers and methodological heterogeneity. Further large-scale prospective and longitudinal studies are required before serum cytokine profiling can be implemented in routine clinical practice.

Introduction and purpose: The aim of this study is to to review and analyze scientific research on the topic of clavicle fractures, including epidemiology and comparison of the current conservative and surgical treatment options. State of Knowledge: Due to its structure and function as a support for the upper limb, the clavicle is one of the most frequently fractured bones in the human body. Any significant force acting on the shoulder, such as direct trauma or a fall onto an outstretched hand, can result in high stress forces, leading to a clavicle fracture. Depending on the location of the fracture, muscles pull the bone fragments in their respective directions, which affects the treatment approach for each type of fracture.To facilitate the choice of treatment method, classifications such as the Neer classification and the Edinburgh classification have been developed. Various surgical techniques as well as conservative treatments have been employed in the management of clavicle fractures. Conclusions: The epidemiology of clavicle fractures shows a higher incidence in young males, particularly related to sports activities. The majority of fractures occur in the middle third of the clavicle, with fractures in the distal and proximal thirds being less common. Understanding the ligamentous connections of the clavicle is crucial for understanding fracture patterns. There is no single preferred method of treatment, therefore both conservative and surgical methods are used in the therapeutic process depending on the fracture type. The functional outcome of various surgical techniques is similar.