In vitro cultured meat is an emerging area of research focus with an innovative approach through tissue engineering (i.e., cellular engineering) to meet the global food demand. The manufacturing of lab-cultivated meat is an innovative business that alleviates life-threatening environmental issues concerning public health and animal well-being on the global platform. There has been a noteworthy advancement in cultivating artificial meat, but still, there are numerous challenges that impede the swift headway of lab-grown meat production at a commercially large scale. In this review, we focus on the manufacturing of edible scaffolds for cultured meat production. In brief, first an introduction to cultivating artificial meat and its current scenario in the market is provided. Further, a discussion on the understanding of composition, cellular, and molecular communications in muscle tissue is presented, which are vital to scaling up the production of lab-grown meat. In continuation, the major components (e.g., cells, biomaterial scaffolds, and their manufacturing technologies, media, and potential bioreactors) for cultured meat production are conferred followed by a comprehensive discussion on the most recent advances in lab-cultured meat. Finally, existing challenges and opportunities including future research perspectives for scaling-up cultured meat production are discussed with conclusive interpretations.

Advancements in polymers have made significant contribution in diverse application‐oriented fields. The multidisciplinary application of polymers generates a range of strategies, which is applicable in a wide range of biomedicines. Polymeric compounds such as hydrogels have been explored globally as a potent biomaterial that can furnish essential attributes due to their three‐dimensional (3D) soft and highly hydrophilic polymeric network. These hydrogels have been used extensively in various applications due to their biocompatible, biodegradable, and biosorption nature. However, they have some limitations, owing to their soft nature, low mechanical properties, and unsatisfactory degradation profile. Therefore, there is a need to develop novel, stronger, and more durable hybrid hydrogels with enhanced biocompatible and multifunctional properties. The current review gives a broad spectrum of hybrid hydrogels with its importance and significance. Further, the review highlights the strategies of generation of hybrid hydrogels reinforced with nanomaterials, biomaterials, and nanobiocomposites along with their advantages and disadvantages. The review also features various applications of these hybrid hydrogels in the field of biomedicines, photocatalysis, agriculture, and food industry over the last 5 years. This review will give a comprehensive overview to researchers working in the field of hybrid hydrogels development.

The quest to develop state-of-the-art hydrogels for bone tissue engineering has accompanied substantial innovation and significant progression in the field of bioactive hydrogels. Still, there is scope for advancement in this cell-friendly and biocompatible scaffold system. The crosslinking approaches used for hydrogel synthesis plays a decisive role in guiding and regulating the mechanical stability, network framework, macroscopic architect, immunological behaviors, and cellular responses. Until recently, enzyme-based crosslinking strategies were considered as the pinnacle in designing efficient hybrid hydrogel systems. A variety of enzymes have been explored for manufacturing hydrogels while taking the advantage of the biocompatible nature, specificity, ability to produce nontoxic by products and high efficiency of enzymes. The current review focuses on the utility of different enzymes as crosslinking agents for hydrogel formation with their application in bone tissue engineering. The field of enzyme crosslinked hydrogel synthesis is rapidly maturing with a lot of opportunities to be explored in bone tissue engineering. Enzyme-based in situ and externally crosslinked hydrogels for bone regeneration is an attractive field, and with innovation in using engineered enzymes this field will continue to flourish with clinical orientation.