Major infrastructure projects (MIPs) are growing rapidly worldwide and have a “double-edged-sword” effect on the economy, society, and environment. Sustainability, therefore, has become a critical concern for MIPs. The sustainability of MIPs emphasizes the need to take the value creation view to scrutinize MIP practices, which calls for a deeper understanding of the value creation process of MIPs. Although research efforts have been devoted to understanding value creation in MIPs, scarce attention has been focused on the question of how a project client governs project activities, operational preparation activities, and their interplay to create value in MIPs. Based on an in-depth case analysis of the Beijing Daxing International Airport, we found that the project client adopted the three different governance arrangements of vertical blended integration, dynamic matrix integration, and continuous coupling to govern project activities, operational preparation activities, and their interplay, respectively; likewise, the hybrid values of project management value, business value, and public value were created. Following the results, we establish a conceptual framework for the governance of value creation in a project client organization of MIPs. This study not only contributes to the literature on project governance and project value, but also provides practical guidance for emerging MIPs worldwide.

The particulate matter 2.5 (PM_2.5) is a serious air-pollutant emission in China, which has caused serious risks to public health. To reduce the pollution and corresponding public mortality, this paper proposes a method by incorporating slacks-based data envelopment analysis (DEA) and an integrated exposure risk (IER) model. By identifying the relationship between the PM_2.5 concentration and mortality, the potential PM_2.5 concentration efficiency and mortality reduction were measured. The proposed method has been applied to China’s 243 cities in 2015. Some implications are achieved. (1) There are urban disparities in estimated results around China. The geographic distribution of urban mortality reduction is consistent with that of the PM_2.5 concentration efficiency, but some inconsistency also exists. (2) The pollution reduction and public health improvement should be addressed among China’s cities, especially for those in northern coastal, eastern coastal, and middle Yellow River areas. The reduction experience of PM_2.5 concentration in cities of the southern coastal area could be advocated in China. (3) Environmental consideration should be part of the production adjustment of urban central China. The updating of technology is suggested for specific cities and should be considered by the policymaker.

工程作为人类文明演进的物化载体，与自然界中的各类生命形态存在密切联系。如何更好地建立起生命友好的特性，为人类提供安全、绿色、人性化、可持续的功能服务，同时尽量避免和减少对动植物等的伤害和不利影响，是工程理论、技术和文化发展的重要课题。为此，需要逐步建立完善工程生命友好的理论和实践体系，将生命友好的理念全方位融入工程建设的各个方面和工程全生命周期的各个阶段，助力维护人与自然和谐共生。工程师是工程生命友好特性的设计者和实现者，应该对生命具有深切的认识、敏锐的感知力和温暖的爱心，这也是工程师卓越品质的关键要素。本文提出工程师生命教育的体系架构，以推动工程师面向生命友好需求的专业技术能力与人文素养的提升。

重大工程安全管理事关参建工人的人身安全和整个项目目标的实现，是学术界、工程界共同关注的热点。安全共同体是我国重大工程安全管理实践涌现出的一种新型组织模式。本文以北京大兴国际机场建设项目为研究案例，分析了重大工程安全共同体的存在必要性，从治理层、管理层、执行层和生产操作层等层面对重大工程安全共同体进行了解构，提出了重大工程安全共同体的3种整合方法，总结得出研究结论及未来研究建议。

The construction and operation of air transport systems (ATS) needs huge investment, so its performance is of wide concern. The influences of social and economic factors in different regions must be considered when evaluating ATS performance. In this paper, a model combining data envelopment analysis, stochastic frontier analysis, and bootstrap technique is adopted to evaluate the ‘real’ performance of the air transport system in China. The evaluation results show the ATS performance in different regions. Social and economic factors are proved to pose influences on provincial ATS efficiency. Scale efficiency is the main factor that restricts the efficiency of China’s ATS. Technological change has determined the trend of ATS total factor productivity. The research results may implicate that improvements can be gained by modifying airspace limitations and regulatory conditions that impose significant constraints on ATS. The importance of ATS technological development strategy and the legitimacy of air transport modernization policy are also supported.