The purpose of this research is to characterize and evaluate the corrosion behavior of zinc coatings used for corrosion protection, with a special focus on the S235 steel material. The introduction highlights the need for corrosion protection in industrial settings, as well as the importance of understanding corrosion processes and the development of corrosion products to develop more effective solutions. The study’s goals are to undertake an extensive analysis of corrosion products formed on the zinc coating’s surface, to evaluate the performance of these coatings under atmospheric circumstances, and to investigate the effect of deposition parameters on coating quality. The essential message provided to readers is the critical significance of knowing corrosion product formation mechanisms and zinc coating corrosion behavior in developing long-lasting and effective protection measures. The study methodology includes cycle testing, morphological and chemical examination of corrosion products, as well as optical and electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Corrosion resistance is assessed using accurate measurements. The results show that zinc coatings have exceptional corrosion resistance under air settings, with the produced corrosion products offering further protection to the underlying material. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that the surface roughness of S235 steel has a substantial impact on the quality and corrosion behavior of hot-dip galvanized coatings. The findings emphasize the necessity of detailed characterization of corrosion products, the effect of depositional factors on zinc coating performance, and the need for novel corrosion protection methods. These discoveries have significant implications for the corrosion protection sector, providing the potential to improve the longevity and efficiency of protective systems used in industrial applications.

Machining of Complex Concave or Convex Surfaces Requires the Use of Ball End Milling Cutters. Obtaining the Expected Surface Quality Compete Various Technological Factors which should be Taken into Account. Following the Machining of the Surface with Different Inclination Angles between the Cutting Tool Axes and the Machined Surface, Significant Changes of the Surface Roughness have been Observed. Based on the Tests Performed, we can Determine the Range of the Tool Inclination Angle, which is the Best for the Surface Quality. we have also Made a Correlation between the Cutting Speeds, Inclination Angle of the Cutting Tool Toward the Machined Surface for an Obtained Surface Quality. the Presented Results are Based on Experimental Research in Industrial Conditions by Using CNC Machine Tools with 5 Axes. the Tests have been Performed on the C45 Material, Heat Treated to 34HRC.

A key element in ensuring the service life and strength of aluminum alloys in many industrial applications is the adhesion of anti-corrosion coatings. The aim of this study is to analyze how coating processes affect the adhesion of anti-corrosion coatings on aluminum alloy 7175. In other words, the influence of the nature of the elementary layers that form the anti-corrosion coating was studied for the following: the anodic layer, the primer, and the topcoat. To learn more about the different coating technologies and how they affect adhesion, a thorough literature review was carried out. In addition, a case study using electrocoating and thermal spraying was conducted to show the impact of coating processes on adhesion. The results showed that electrodeposition, as opposed to thermal spraying, improved the adhesion of anti-corrosion coatings. In the case of the aluminum alloy analyzed, there is a significant difference in terms of the adhesion strength of the anti-corrosion coatings. This resistance is influenced by both the anodic coating (BSA TSA SAA) and the type of primer and topcoat used (water-based or solvent-based). The correct choice of anode coat and primer and topcoat can lead to an increase (or decrease) in the adhesion strength of the paint coat by 20%. In conclusion, this study highlights how crucial it is to select the best coating process to maximize the adhesion and durability of aluminum alloys under corrosion conditions.

Machining performance can be improved by cooling with cryogenic assistance. This paper focuses on the influence of cryogenic cooling conditions using dry ice, solid carbon dioxide when drilling of PE-HD1000 plastic parts. The goal was to determine how the surface roughness of the drilled hole changes as a function of the cutting speed and the feed rate at room temperature and when cryogenic cooling is applied. The function relations were determined using Factorial Experiment Design. Improvement of the machinability of low temperature drilling results the improvement of roughness of the drilled hole.

This paper presents the design and validation of a novel specialized fixture device for machining inclined planes with barrel cutters on 3-axis CNC machine tools. Barrel milling, also known as Parabolic Performance Cutting (PPC), is extensively used on 5-axis machines to enhance the efficiency of machining complex surfaces. While significant research has focused on optimizing barrel milling for aspects such as surface roughness and cutting forces, implementing this technique on 3-axis machines poses a challenge due to limitations in tool orientation. To overcome this, an innovative adaptable device was designed, enabling precise workpiece orientation relative to the barrel cutter. To overcome this limitation, an adaptable device was designed that enables precise workpiece orientation relative to the barrel cutter. The device utilizes interchangeable locating elements for different cutter programming angles (such as 18°, 20°, and 42.5°), thereby ensuring correct workpiece positioning. Rigid workpiece clamping is provided by the device’s mechanism to maintain precise workpiece positioning during machining, and probing surfaces are integrated into the device to facilitate the definition of the coordinate system necessary for CNC machine programming. Device control was performed using a Hexagon RA-7312 3D measuring arm. Inspection results indicated minimal dimensional deviations (e.g., surface flatness between 0.002 mm and 0.012 mm) and high angular accuracy (e.g., angular non-closure of 0.006°). The designed device enables the effective and precise use of barrel cutters on 3-axis CNC machines, offering a previously unavailable practical and economical solution for cutting tool tests and cutting regime studies.

This study investigates the utilization of barrel end-mills in machining titanium alloys for aerospace applications. It involves a comprehensive review of the relevant literature and a preliminary experimental investigation, incorporating the influence of measurement direction on surface roughness and the behavior of cutting forces. The primary objective is to assess the performance and efficiency of these end-mills when machining challenging materials and to identify optimal cutting strategies. This paper emphasizes the significance of titanium alloys in the aerospace sector, due to their exceptional mechanical properties, and the problems encountered in their processing. It also highlights the advantages of barrel end-mills, such as enhanced accessibility and superior surface finish. Through a combination of literature review, practical experimentation under controlled conditions, and statistical analysis, this study investigates the surface roughness of the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy, confirming a significant difference between longitudinal and transverse roughness. The preliminary experiment revealed that the average values of longitudinal and transverse roughness were 0.237 µm and 0.263 µm, respectively. The coefficients of variation indicated a greater variation in longitudinal roughness (19.79%) compared to transverse roughness (18.61%). This study’s conclusions provide a solid foundation for future research into machining titanium alloys with barrel end-mills, contributing to the optimization of manufacturing processes and the enhancement of aerospace component performance.