Buccal films are recognized as easily applicable, microbiologically stable drug dosage forms with good retentivity at the mucosa intended for the therapy of oromucosal conditions, especially infectious diseases. Multilayer films composed of layers of oppositely charged polymers separated by ionically interacting polymeric chains creating polyelectrolyte complexes represent very interesting and relatively poorly explored area. We aimed to develop the antifungal multilayer systems composed of cationic chitosan and anionic pectin as potential platforms for controlled delivery of clotrimazole. The systems were pharmaceutically characterized with regard to inter alia their release kinetics under different pH conditions, physicomechanical, or mucoadhesion properties with using an animal model of the buccal mucosa. The antifungal activity against selected Candida sp. and potential cytotoxicity with regard to human gingival fibroblasts were also evaluated. Interactions between polyions were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Different clotrimazole distribution in the films layers highly affected their in vitro dissolution profile. The designed films were recognized as intelligent pH-responsive systems with strong antifungal effect and satisfactory safety profile. As addition of chitosan resulted in the improved antifungal behavior of the drug, the potential utilization of the films in resistant cases of oral candidiasis might be worth of further exploration.
PMMA-PnBA-PMMA triblock copolymers with high molar masses (Mn ∼800 kg mol−1), low dispersities (Đ < 1.25) and thermoplastic elastomer properties were synthesised via photo-iniferter RAFT polymerisation.
Well-defined phosphonic acid-terminated polymers were synthesized from amine-terminated polymer precursors and a phosphonated thiolactone and were used to prepare stable, water-dispersible multifunctional upconverting luminescent nanohybrids.
27 August 2025 in Chemical Engineering Journal Advances
A new class of epoxy thermosets is presented, prepared using ammonium salts as hardeners, enabling the direct formulation of networks with ionic functionality from simple, industrially available building blocks. The curing process occurs in two distinct thermal stages: the formation of a fusible thermoplastic‐like intermediate, followed by crosslinking into an infusible thermoset. This intermediate behavior is highly unusual in epoxy systems and allows the material to be processed using methods typically applied to thermoplastics, such as extrusion. The practical relevance of this system is demonstrated through the fabrication of enduring prepregs that can be shaped and handled as thermoplastics during processing, but form crosslinked thermosets upon curing. Finally, the cured matrix can be chemically solubilized in aqueous nitric acid under relatively mild conditions, allowing efficient recycling of intact carbon fibers. This work introduces a scalable platform for functional epoxy networks with broad processing and application potential.