Purpose: Stunting is a public health problem in Indonesia with a relatively high incidence, thereby making its prevention a priority for the Indonesian government. It potentially causes short and long effects on the quality of human resources as well as the productivity of stunted children when they grow up. Therefore, prevention and early detection efforts are needed by health professionals and cadres. Earlier studies have identified complexities associated with the determinant factors of stunting. This study aims to examine the association between sociodemographic factors as well as the knowledge and motivation of health cadres in stunting prevention in West Java. Methods: A correlational study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted on health cadres samples from 8 districts/cities in West Java Province namely Karawang, Tasikmalaya, Garut, Bandung, Subang, Sukabumi, Cianjur, and West Bandung. A total of 363 health cadres participated and the sampling technique used is the stratified method. The data were collected using a questionnaire developed specifically for this study and were analyzed using a correlation with chi-square test and presented in the form of a frequency distribution. Results: The results showed the majority of health cadres namely 81.27% had good knowledge, which was significantly influenced by education level and marital status with a P-value < 0.05. Meanwhile, approximately half of the respondents had moderate motivation with 47.66%, while one-third or 39.12% had high motivation. This motivation was significantly influenced by education level, marital status, and age with p < 0.05. Conclusion: Based on the results, it was concluded that the roles and functions of health cadres need to be improved in the prevention and early detection of stunting in West Java by providing continuous guidance, stunting prevention training, and award presentations.

The cases of stunting in Indonesian children under five years of age is become national issues. This is due to the prevalence of stunting in Indonesian children has still remained high comparing to other southeast countries, at the national level is approximately 31 %. The consequences of child stunting may give both immediate and long term and include increased morbidity and affect to child growth and development. There is evidence of some factors are known as risk factors of stunting in children globally. The aim of this review is to identify the current literature and compile the predictors that have been associated with stunting in Indonesia and where data gaps remain. A systematic search of the literature between 2010 and 2018 was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, EBSCO and Clinical Key. A search of the literature was performed by using keywords: stunting, determinants, children under five year of age, factors, Indonesia. Papers were included in this review if they identify an association between child stunting and exposure to determinant factors. We include 18 articles in the final analysis that met with the criteria. The included studies indicated that there are several main predictors of child stunting: child factors (low birth weight, premature birth); maternal factors (parental short stature, parental education); infection, and breast feeding. A diverse range of contributing factors are, to varying degrees, associated with stunting, demonstrating the importance of considering how those predictors interacts with nutrition. Integrated health promotion, prevention and interventions by health care providers, communities including health cadres is needed to prevent new stunting children in Indonesia

Children continue to experience harm when undergoing clinical procedures despite increased evidence of the need to improve the provision of child-centred care. The international ISupport collaboration aimed to develop standards to outline and explain good procedural practice and the rights of children within the context of a clinical procedure. The rights-based standards for children undergoing tests, treatments, investigations, examinations and interventions were developed using an iterative, multi-phased, multi-method and multi-stakeholder consensus building approach. This consensus approach used a range of online and face to face methods across three phases to ensure ongoing engagement with multiple stakeholders. The views and perspectives of 203 children and young people, 78 parents and 418 multi-disciplinary professionals gathered over a two year period (2020–2022) informed the development of international rights-based standards for the care of children having tests, treatments, examinations and interventions. The standards are the first to reach international multi-stakeholder consensus on definitions of supportive and restraining holds. Conclusion: This is the first study of its kind which outlines international rights-based procedural care standards from multi-stakeholder perspectives. The standards offer health professionals and educators clear evidence-based tools to support discussions and practice changes to challenge prevailing assumptions about holding or restraining children and instead encourage a focus on the interests and rights of the child. What is Known:• Children continue to experience short and long-term harm when undergoing clinical procedures despite increased evidence of the need to improve the provision of child-centred care.• Professionals report uncertainty and tensions in applying evidence-based practice to children’s procedural care. What is New:• This is the first study of its kind which has developed international rights-based procedural care standards from multi-stakeholder perspectives.• The standards are the first to reach international multi-stakeholder consensus on definitions of supportive and restraining holds.

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disorder in childhood. CP limits movement, which can interfere with children’s daily activities. As a technology that provides intensive mass practice to children, virtual reality (VR) can create an interactive and motivating environment. With the intensity set by the therapist and feedback that can be used to produce individualized therapy, VR has great potential to improve CP patients’ quality of life, especially in a safe, enjoyable, and playful environment. Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to determine the effectiveness of VR for children with CP. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search based on the PRISMA guidelines through PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Wiley, and ProQuest to assess the efficacy of VR in managing children with CP up to 15 September 2022. Risk assessment of bias was performed using Cochrane RoB 2. Results: Nineteen randomized controlled trials with 467 and 427 patients with CP were included in the intervention and control groups in qualitative and quantitative analyses. Participants consisted of cerebral palsy with hemiplegia (n=7), diplegia (n=2), a combination of both (n=4), and undefined (n=13). From all studies conducted, VR showed significant results where VR could improve balance (MD: 2.71[1.95, 3.48]; p < 0.00001), motor function (MD: 3.73 [1.67, 5.79]; p = 0.0004), and activity daily living (MD: 10.05 [2.89, 17.22]. However, VR showed not effective in improving upper limb function. Conclusion: With its advantages and excellent effectiveness, VR may improve functional mobility and the quality of life of children with CP.

Background: The availability of clear emergency nurses’ competencies is critical for safe and effective emergency health care services. The study regarding emergency nurses’ competencies remained virtually limited. Purpose: This study aimed to explore the emergency nurses’ competencies in the clinical emergency department (ED) context as needed by society. Methods: This qualitative study involved focus group discussions in six groups of 54 participants from three EDs. The data were analysed using grounded theory approach including the constant comparative, interpretations, and coding procedures; initial coding, focused coding and categories. Results: This study revealed 8 core competencies of emergency nurses: Shifting the nursing practice, Caring for acute critical patients, Communicating and coordinating, Covering disaster nursing roles, Reflecting on the ethical and legal standards, Researching competency, Teaching competencies and Leadership competencies. The interconnection of the 8 core competencies has resulted in 2 concepts of extending the ED nursing practice and demanding the advanced ED nursing role. Conclusion: The finding reflected the community needs of nurses who work in ED settings and the need for competency development of emergency nurses.

The pressure of learning on students causes mental health problems in students. This can disrupt the student’s academic process. The previous review still focused on the impact of digital mindfulness on students, but did not describe the various types of digital mindfulness on students’ mental health. A digital image of mindfulness is needed to be a reference for health workers in providing health services to students. The purpose of this study is to describe types of digital-based mindfulness method to improve mental health in university students. The method used in this study was a scoping review. The databases used were CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus. Search strategy used PRISMA for Scoping Review with keywords namely mindfulness, digital, mental health, and students. The inclusion criteria in this study were student samples, digital-based mindfulness therapy, randomized control trial and quasi-experiment designs, and publication year in the last 10 years (2014– 2023). We found that 11 articles about digital-based mindfulness therapy is effective in improving mental health in college students. The types of digital mindfulness carried out are education, counseling, and meditation. Range of samples are 54– 561 university students. In addition, there are also counseling services and therapy training guided by facilitators. Information is presented through video and audio that can be accessed at any time by students. Application development is needed by adding monitoring and evaluation features to monitor student compliance in conducting mindfulness therapy and counseling schedules. Then, the role of health workers through holistic mental health services by involving families can improve the process of developing services for students optimally.