Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) experience many barriers to participate in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs. Several studies identify barriers that can affect participation in CR among patients with CHD after reperfusion therapy. However, there has yet to be a review specifically in this population. This review aims to identify the literature systematically that analyzes the barriers that affect the participation of CHD patients after reperfusion therapy in implementing the CR program. This study used the Preferred Reporting Item for PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) with databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCO-hosted Academic Search Complete, Scopus, Taylor & Francis, and Sage Journals. The keywords used in English were “coronary artery disease OR myocardial infarction OR cardiovascular disease OR heart disease” AND “Barrier OR obstacle”, AND “percutaneous coronary intervention OR PCI OR angioplasty OR coronary artery bypass graft surgery OR CABG” AND “cardiac rehabilitation OR rehabilitation OR recovery”. The inclusion criteria in this review were full-text articles in English, articles with a descriptive, cross-sectional, and cohort design with a minimum of 100 participants that discussed barriers to participation in patients with CHD after undergoing reperfusion therapy, and the CR phases such as I, II, III, and IV have also been identified. Based on the initial search, there are 23 relevant studies out of 7400. The results of this study reported that most of the participants from the studies analyzed had a low level of participation in CR (≤ 50%). We classify the factors that affect the level of CR participation into five categories: individual factors, health history, environmental, logistical, and health system. The most reported barriers in each category were age, comorbidities, lack of support from friends, family and health workers, distance or travel time, and cost and economic status. Professional health workers, especially nurses, can identify various barriers that patients feel so that they can increase their participation in attending CR.

Purpose: Because Indonesia has a high risk of natural disasters, nurse preparedness is necessary to reduce and prevent deaths in the aftermath of such disasters. The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with nurse preparedness in disaster management among a sample of community health nurses in coastal areas. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken from May to August 2020. The sample consisted of 142 nurses who worked at six Public Health Centers in Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia. Participants were recruited using the total sampling technique. The data were collected using the Emergency Preparedness Information Questionnaire and analyzed using Chi-Square and binary logistic regression. Results: Of the 142 respondents, 54.24% had a high level of preparedness. Multivariate analysis showed that nurses with higher levels of preparedness had worked between 6 and 10 years (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 12.755, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.653– 61.314). Respondents who lacked disaster training were less likely to have a high level of disaster preparedness (AOR: 4.631, 95% CI: 1.604– 13.367). Respondents who had never served as disaster volunteers were also less likely to have disaster preparedness (AOR: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.053– 0.616). Conclusion: With nearly half of the respondents (45.77%) having a low level of disaster preparedness, this topic needs more attention from the government and healthcare workers. Several actions are needed to improve community nurses’ disaster preparedness: providing them with routine disaster-related training, encouraging them to serve as volunteers in various disaster conditions, and offering them useful disaster-related information.

Background: The availability of clear emergency nurses’ competencies is critical for safe and effective emergency health care services. The study regarding emergency nurses’ competencies remained virtually limited. Purpose: This study aimed to explore the emergency nurses’ competencies in the clinical emergency department (ED) context as needed by society. Methods: This qualitative study involved focus group discussions in six groups of 54 participants from three EDs. The data were analysed using grounded theory approach including the constant comparative, interpretations, and coding procedures; initial coding, focused coding and categories. Results: This study revealed 8 core competencies of emergency nurses: Shifting the nursing practice, Caring for acute critical patients, Communicating and coordinating, Covering disaster nursing roles, Reflecting on the ethical and legal standards, Researching competency, Teaching competencies and Leadership competencies. The interconnection of the 8 core competencies has resulted in 2 concepts of extending the ED nursing practice and demanding the advanced ED nursing role. Conclusion: The finding reflected the community needs of nurses who work in ED settings and the need for competency development of emergency nurses.

Self-efficacy (SE) is the main predictor of self-care behaviour in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Several studies identified factors that influence SE in CHD patients. However, review studies have yet to synthesize these results systematically. This review aims to identify SE and the factors influencing SE in CHD patients. This scoping review is reported based on the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). We searched using relevant keywords using five databases: CINAHL Plus with Full Text and Academic Search Complete, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Taylor and Francis, and one search engine: Google Scholar, which was accessed on June 23, 2023. Articles with an observational design were included without date restrictions. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist, and data synthesis used thematic analysis. We found 11 articles discussing SE and the factors influencing SE in CHD patients. In this review, most studies reported that the SE level of CHD patients tends to be low to moderate. Factors associated with SE in this population are classified into three categories (low, moderate, and high). Cardiac knowledge and patient activation are the most influential predictors of SE in CHD patients. Public health interventions such as raising awareness about heart disease, modifying health behaviours, early screening, diagnosis, and appropriate treatment are critical to improving SE and cardiac care outcomes.

Background: Low self-efficacy (SE) can impact decreasing health status, poor self-care, and quality of life among patients with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). Many factors can affect SE. However, studies on SE in CHD patients with Rasch Model analysis have not been carried out widely. Purpose: This study aims to identify the SE in self-care and its related factors that correlate SE among CHD patients. Patients and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted on 104 adult patients (≥ 18 years) diagnosed with CHD. Selection of the sample using convenience sampling technique with several predetermined criteria. SE was measured using the SEQ-CHDM questionnaire, with high validity and reliability results. Data were analyzed using the Rasch model and chi-square test. Results: The results showed that most respondents had a moderate SE (51.5%). Care units (p=0.003) and duration of illness (p=0.049) were significantly correlated to SE among patients with CHD. “Maintaining an ideal body weight” is the most challenging thing. On the other hand, stop smoking is the most confident thing to be performed by the respondents. Conclusion: We conclude that CHD patients in the acute care unit and patients with a duration of illness > 6 months have a lower tendency for SE. Health interventions such as raising awareness about the disease, modifying health behavior, and immediately screening can improve patients’ SE. Besides that, proper diagnosis and ongoing treatment are crucial to improving SE and CHD care outcomes.

Purpose: The aim of this review is to identify the efficacy of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and the characteristics of CBT therapy that effectively improve depression among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: Studies that assessed CBT efficacy in decreasing depression among CHD patients with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched through PsycINFO, PubMed, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Two reviewers independently screened and critically appraised them using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. The fixed- and random-effect models were applied to pool standardized mean differences. Results: Fourteen RCTs were included in the quantitative analysis. Depression was significantly lower in the CBT group (SMD −0.37; 95% CI: −0.44 to −0.31; p < 0.00001; I² = 46%). Depression in the CBT group was significantly lower in the short-term follow-up (SMD −0.46; 95% CI: −0.69 to −0.23; p < 0.0001; I² = 52%). Moreover, the subsequent therapy approaches were effective in reducing depression, including face-to-face and remote CBT, CBT alone or combination therapy (individual or mixed with a group), and frequent meetings. Conclusions: CBT therapy effectively reduces depression, particularly in short-term follow-up. The application of CBT therapy in CHD patients should consider these findings to increase the efficacy and efficiency of therapy. Future research is needed to address generalizability.