There is an increasing pressure by the community and customers forcing companies to insert environmental concerns in their practices. To help companies initiatives, the green bonds market was created. Our research question is “How to select bonds in a growing billion-dollar market?” This paper presents a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) model to enable investors identify opportunities based not only in opinions, but grounded on objective facts. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), complex proportional assessment (COPRAS), full consistency method (FUCOM), step-wise Weights Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA), and technique of order preference similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) are MCDA methods applied in this paper. Top-fifteen green bonds ranked by specialized media were assessed with the proposed MCDA model. Criteria included the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) proposed by Yale University, and common financial indicators as assets, risks (), and dividends. The new ranks from MCDA are compared each other and compared with the rank published by specialized media.
22 March 2025 in International Transactions in Operational Research
The delivery sector, already on an upward trend prior to the Covid-19 pandemic, experienced a significant boost in demand for its services during the pandemic. However, the most expensive aspect for companies in this domain is the 'last mile' delivery costs, which can account for up to 45% of total logistics expenses. In light of this, our paper presents a study aiming to leverage this market trend to reduce company costs. We propose a hybrid model combining trucks and drones for last-mile delivery and conduct a market analysis for a company interested in developing this model. Drone deliveries are anticipated to grow at an annual rate of approximately 45%, outpacing the overall sector. This market outlook presents a compelling opportunity for entrepreneurs: the market is nascent, with a noticeable upward trend in both demand and investment. The truck-drone hybrid model, being up to 70% faster and 60% less expensive compared to traditional methods, offers dual benefits: enhanced customer satisfaction with lower expenditure, and reduced operational costs for companies while improving service quality. Despite pending regulatory challenges, the prevailing trend in technology advancements and major retailers' interest suggests a favorable outlook for legal approvals. As a novel technology, it naturally encounters some skepticism. Furthermore, drone usage has positive environmental implications, whether through alternative energy sources or traffic reduction, aligning well with the current ESG-driven market trends.
6 November 2019 in Anais do Encontro Nacional de Engenharia de Produção