Gurltia paralysans, a metastrongyloid nematode, parasitizes in meningeal vessels in the thoracolumbar spinal cord of cats in South America and causes progressive paraparesis. Recently, the first report outside of South America described gurltiosis in a cat in Spain. As this parasitic disease has so far been largely neglected, especially outside of South America, the aim of the present case study was to add knowledge to the histologic and immunohistochemical characterization of central nervous lesions. To this purpose, formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from the spinal cord and brain of five cats affected by clinical signs caused by Gurltia paralysans and of three control cats without CNS lesions were histopathologically examined using hematoxylin and eosin stain (HE), Elastica van Gieson stain, as well as periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) reaction. Moreover, immuno- histochemistry for alpha smooth muscle actin and Factor VIII-related antigen were performed to characterize vascular lesions. Lesions were consistent with previous descriptions and were mainly located in the spinal cord and consisted of chronic suppurative or lymphoplasmahistiocytic meningi tis as well as suppurative vasculitis, congestion and varicosis of meningeal veins. In view of the recent detection of this parasite in Europe and the increasing inner-European transport of rescued domestic cats, veterinarians in Europe should be aware of the clinical and pathomorphological presentation of this disease.

Background: Mandibular masses caused by inflammatory processes due to bacterial infections, most common withActinomyces bovis, are well known in herbivors. This case represents a rare differential diagnosis to common inflammatory processes which cannot be distinguished from neoplasia without detailed histopathological examination.Case presentation: A large unilateral mandibular mass of a free-ranging female adult red deer (Cervus elaphus elaphus) was submitted for pathological examination. The animal had been shot due to its poor body condition. Grossly, the mandibular mass showed gingival ulceration and necrosis. Histologically, irregular strands and islands of odontogenic epithelial cells and a matrix of dentin and osteoid-like material were found, leading to the diagnosis of an odontogenic tumor. Considering the animal’s age the tumor was classified as odontoameloblastoma with secondary chronic purulent osteomyelitis.Conclusions: Odontogenic tumors are rare in domestic and wildlife species and so far have not been reported in red deer. In addition to the more common inflammatory processes of the mandibula and other neoplastic diseases of the oral cavity, odontogenic tumors represent a rare differential diagnosis that must be kept in mind especially when masked by inflammatory lesions.

In human and veterinary medicine, mixed Müllerian tumors (MMTs) are rarely diagnosed neoplasms of the tubular female genital tract. Although there are case reports of malignant MMTs in various species, benign MMTs have only been described once in a macaque. Here we present a case of benign MMT in a 12-y-old goat, and review the literature on uterine, cervical, and vaginal neoplasia in goats. The doe was presented with vaginal discharge and was euthanized because of the high suspicion of intraabdominal neoplasia. On gross examination, an ulcerated vaginal mass was identified. Histologically, 2 distinct cell populations were present: smooth muscle cells that were well differentiated and positive for alpha–smooth muscle actin, and ciliated columnar epithelial cells that lined ductal structures and had no signs of malignancy. These findings led to the diagnosis of neoplasia of Müllerian origin. Benign MMT should be considered as a differential diagnosis for uterine and vaginal neoplasms in goats.

Uterine Zysten bei Hündinnen werden in der Regel mit pathologischen Zuständen in Verbindung gebracht. Eine Ausnahme stellen Serosazysten dar. Diese dünnwandigen, singulär oder multipel auf der Oberfläche des Uterus entstehenden Zysten besitzen keine endokrine Aktivität oder Abhängigkeit. Daher verursachen sie i. d. R. keine klinischen Symptome und sind in ihrem Auftreten nicht zyklusassoziiert. Serosazysten kommen vor allem bei älteren, multiparen Hündinnen großer Rassen vor. Die Diagnose ist mittels transabdominaler Sonografie möglich. Da sich Serosazysten häufig an der Uterushornspitze befinden, lassen sie sich mitunter schwer von Ovarialzysten differenzieren. In diesem Bericht wird der Fall einer Zuchthündin mit multiplen uterinen Serosazysten vorgestellt, die während einer Sectio caesarea detektiert wurden. Die Konzentrationen von Östradiol 17β und Progesteron in der Zystenflüssigkeit entsprachen der Konzentration der Hormone im Blut bei einer Hündin in der Geburt. Die Konzentrationen von Gesamtkalzium, Zink, Kupfer und Eisen in der Zystenflüssigkeit lagen unterhalb der Referenzwerte im Blut von Hunden. Die Konzentrationen von Magnesium, Phosphor, Natrium und Kalium des Zysteninhalts entsprachen den Werten im Blut. In bitches, uterine cysts are usually associated with pathological conditions. Serosal inclusion cysts of the uterus represent an exception to this rule. These thin-walled cysts develop on the uterine surface and occur either as single or multiple cysts. The cysts lack endocrine activity and usually do not cause clinical symptoms. Their occurrence shows no association to the estrus cycle. Serosal inclusion cysts are mainly found in older multiparous bitches and large breeds are more often affected. Diagnosis of serosal inclusion cysts may be achieved by transabdominal sonography. Differentiation between uterine and ovarian serosal inclusion cysts is possibly challenging as serosal inclusion cysts are often located in the area of the tip of the uterine horn. This report presents the case of a breeding bitch with multiple uterine serosal inclusion cysts detected during caesarean section. The concentrations of estradiol 17β and progesterone in the cyst fluid corresponded to the blood concentrations of these hormones in a bitch during parturition. The concentrations of total calcium, zinc, copper, and iron in the cyst fluid were below the reference values in canine blood whereas the concentrations of magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, and potassium in the cyst fluid were comparable to pertaining blood levels. Received: 24 September 2020 Accepted: 30 October 2020 Publication Date: 04 December 2020 (online) © 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

Background: Feline large granular lymphocyte (LGL) lymphoma is an aggressive neoplasia characterised by short survival and poor response to chemotherapy.Objectives: In this study, the effect of different chemotherapeutic agents on the growth kinetics of the feline cell line S87, a non‐MHC‐restricted feline LGL cell line, was investigated. Where possible, IC₅₀ (inhibitory concentration 50) values were determined. The IC₅₀ values of the cell line as lymphoma models can provide clues to the situation in vivo and serve as a basis for studying resistance mechanisms.Methods: Cells were incubated with various concentrations of vincristine, doxorubicin, 4‐hydroperoxycyclophosphamide, prednisolone, methotrexate and L‐asparaginase for 24 and 48 h, respectively.Results: The IC₅₀ values could be determined as 14.57 (7.49–28.32) μg/mL at 24 h incubation and 5.72 (4.05–8.07) μg/mL at 48 h incubation for doxorubicin and 9.12 (7.72–10.76) μg/mL at 24 h incubation and 4.53 (3.74–5.47) μg/mL at 48 h incubation for 4‐hydroperpoxycyclophosphamide. Treatment with vincristine and methotrexate resulted in relatively high cell resistance whereas L‐asparaginase and prednisolone treatment led to a reduction in cell number compared to control while cell viability was not affected (cytostatic effect).Conclusion: Overall, the feline LGL cell line S87 proves to be relatively sensitive to doxorubicin and 4‐hydroperoxycyclophosphamide and relatively resistant to treatment with vincristine, prednisolone, methotrexate and L‐asparaginase. The results of this study can be used for further investigations on resistance mechanisms in feline LGL lymphoma. Doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide can be interpreted as promising candidates for the therapy of feline LGL lymphomas.

Einleitung Bei einem Mikrophthalmus handelt es sich um eine seltene kongenitale Augenmissbildung, die bei verschiedenen Tierarten vorkommt. Er kann uni- oder bilateral auftreten und mit weiteren Missbildungen im Sinne eines Mikrophthalmie- Syndroms vergesellschaftet sein. Material und Methoden Ein neonatales Kaltblut-Fohlen wurde aufgrund makroskopisch sichtbarer Veränderungen am Auge in der Klinik vorgestellt. Dort wurde die Diagnose beidseitiger Mikrophthalmus gestellt und das Fohlen aufgrund dieses Befundes euthanasiert. Anschließend wurde eine vollständige pathologisch- anatomische und histologische Untersuchung durchgeführt. Befunde Der bilateraler Mikrophthalmus zeigte in der histopathologischen Untersuchung neben einer Aphakie und Korneaaplasie heterotropen Knorpel sowie multiple intraokuläre Zysten. Zusätzlich konnte ein hoher Ventrikelseptumdefekt mit hochgradiger konzentrischer Rechtsherzhypertrophie sowie eine Deformation der Schwanzwirbelsäule (Knickschwanz) festgestellt werden. Schlussfolgerungen Der bilaterale Mikrophthalmus beim Fohlen ist eine seltene angeborenen Missbildung und kann als Teil eines Mikrophthalmie-Syndroms auftreten. Article published online: 11 August 2023 © 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved. Georg Thieme Verlag Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany