The world energy requirement has skyrocketed radically in the past two decades raising concern over energy security and adequacy. Energy resource planning plays a substantial role in the global economy and geopolitics of clean energy to achieve global commitment towards sustainable development. It includes strategic management, control and storage of energy supply. Microgrids contribute another layer to the apparent advantages of renewables by boosting system performance and mitigating energy losses. The prospects of energy resource management with the benefits of a hybrid microgrid are discussed here with a brief review of past research works on challenges encountered in voltage and frequency regulations with low-inertia issues, demand response, renewable system integration with transition conditions, and tuning controllers with metaheuristic optimisation techniques.

Concerned with the increasing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere due to fossil fuels, the entire world is focusing on electricity generation through renewable energy resources. The most advantageous aspect of the distributed renewable sources is to provide the electricity to remote, scattered and the deprived rural areas by developing the hybrid power system at the smaller scale where power transmission through grid extension is not viable due to some economical, technical or environmental constraints for building new transmission lines. An accurate and adequate control strategy becomes inevitable to uphold the smooth operation by restraining the frequency and voltage deviation within its limit ensuring the highest degree of reliability of hybrid power system to provide an adequate power quality. In this paper, a comprehensive review of different control strategies adopted in isolated and interconnected multi-area hybrid power systems is presented.

This paper presents a novel technique for software based compensation for three most important aspects of SSPA i.e. gain compensation, back-off attenuation and drain compensation over large temperature range. It was conceptualized and implemented using Lange based reflective attenuation microwave circuit with PIN diodes and FPGA. An algorithm has been developed and implemented in FPGA hardware using LUTs created by measured SSPA performance A novel approach is used to store these numbers.

Frequency Control of Shipboard Microgrid Using a Novel Artificial Rabbits Optimization Tuned Cascaded PI-TID Controller

This work is an early attempt to investigate frequency control of a nested multimicrogrid cluster specifically designed for military bases. The proposed hybrid model deploys multiple energy systems, including sustainable biorenewable energy sources such as solar, wind and degradable waste in military camps backed up by battery and superconducting magnetic energy sources. Here, a novel control strategy‐based optimiser with an evolved TIDA controller with an error eliminator tuned by the hippopotamus optimisation algorithm is proposed for load frequency control of such an isolated microgrid subjected to intermittency of climate‐oriented sources and real‐time scenarios. Further, the 3R dimensions—resiliency, reliability and rationality test—underscore the performance of the tailored control strategy by comparing it with PID‐based control strategy and also by comparing the performance with the artificial hummingbird algorithm, chaotic artificial hummingbird algorithm and particle swarm optimisation algorithm. Considering the practical scenarios of a military multimicrogrid under this test indicates the superiority of the novel algorithm‐tuned TIDA+1 controller over other adapted control strategies.