The current paper presents the monitoring of soil and nutrient losses through runoff as the result of the climate change. The experimental results were recorded on the standard plots for runoff and erosion control. The results of the studies carried out highlight that total nitrogen losses range from 0.05 kg/ha to 12.60 kg/ha, potassium displaced from the plots has values between 0.02 and 1.35 kg/ha, the humus associated with the eroded soil includes values between 0.51 and 176.5 kg/ha, phosphorus is recorded with maximum values of 0.39 kg/ha, the total iron losses have values between 3.14 and 431.16 g/ha, manganese has losses from 1.69 to 290.82 g/ha, copper losses range from 0.15 to 7.62 g/ha, and, regarding zinc, the values are within the limits of 0.25–57.22 g/ha. The maximum values of the displacement of fertilizing elements from the sloping agricultural lands, by means of liquid and solid leaks, are registered at the plots left as permanent black fields, the plots practically unprotected against the rain erosion. The experiments were performed at the Soil Erosion Research and Development Station “Mircea Moțoc”, Perieni/Staţiunea de Cercetare Dezvoltare pentru Combaterea Eroziunii Solului “Mircea Moţoc”, Perieni (SCDCES—MM, Perieni), Vaslui County, an institution strategically located in an area subject to erosion soil. Additionally, the paper envisages how the National Rural Development Programme (NRDP) and the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) can be of use in this area by analysing past lessons and providing an overview of what was done.

The Southeastern region of Romania 35,762 km2, encompassing the Bărăgan Plain and Dobrogea Plateau, represents the national epicenter for land degradation, placing 40% of the country’s agricultural area at risk of desertification (Demeter, 2004). This analysis investigates the vulnerability of the region's fertile Chernozems and Luvisols, developed predominantly on erodible loess, to major degradation processes. Physical degradation is dominated by erosion: pluvial erosion on the fragmented Dobrogea Plateau strips the fertile A horizon, severely reducing the soil's usable water capacity and intensifying aridity (Dumitru, et al. 2009), while eolian erosion threatens the exposed plains of Bărăgan. The critical lack of conservation measures, with only 4.55% adoption of anti-erosion contracts (Demeter, 2004), exacerbates these losses. Chemical degradation, primarily salinization and sodicization, is equally severe. Sodicization, driven by the capillary rise of mineralized groundwater, causes exchangeable sodium to disperse clay colloids. This process irreversibly destroys soil structure, drastically lowering hydraulic conductivity and rendering extensive areas (614,000 ha nationally) economically marginal (MESP, 1997). Secondary processes, including severe compaction and depletion of organic matter, act synergistically to hasten the structural collapse and amplify susceptibility to climatic drought stress (Dumitru et al., 2009). The acceleration of degradation, with affected areas having at least doubled in the last 25 years, indicates that the persistence of conventional agricultural strategies is pushing the region towards an economically irreversible state. Protecting the pedological integrity requires the urgent implementation of non-conventional tillage and intensive monitoring of key quality indicators.

Braila County, laying in the Bărăganului Plain, has natural consitions favorable for agriculture due to the fertile soils, plain relief and acces to water. The data presented by the National Statistics Institute reveal that in 2024 the County’s land resources were 476,576 ha out of which 90.3% belonged to the rural area. Agricltural land represented 81.3% of the total, and consisted mainly of arable land. In most localities agricultural land ocuppied more than 50% of the area and in approximately one third of the outrunned 90% which reflect the County’s agrarian character.