(1) Background: The aim of this study was to correlate the diagnostic criteria described in dermatoscopy, ultrasonography (US), ex vivo confocal microscopy, and histology to the most common subtypes of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). (2) Methods: We conducted a prospective study including 46 BCC cases, which were analyzed with dermatoscopy using the Delta 30 dermatoscope and Vidix 4.0 videodermoscope, with US using a high-resolution 20 MHz linear probe, with confocal microscopy, along with histopathological analysis. (3) Results: This study categorized BCC by histological subtype, with nodular being the most common (84.8%) and various other subtypes represented. US measurements of tumor thickness correlated strongly with the histopathological depth of invasion index (DI). Dermatoscopy analysis revealed significant associations between specific features and BCC subtypes. The DI was directly related to arborized vessels but inversely related to short, fine telangiectasias, maple-leaf-like areas, and spoke-wheel areas. The presence of ulceration was directly related to the DI. Confocal microscopy images exhibited several characteristics, including fluorescence, nuclear crowding, peripheral palisading, clefting, increased nuclear–cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio, and a “cauliflower-like” appearance. (4) Conclusion: The advanced detection of BCC through imagistic techniques like dermatoscopy, confocal microscopy, and ultrasound improves the diagnosis and may offer valuable insights for treatment in the future by evaluating lesion characteristics.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety of electrotherapy applied in the knee area in patients with known atrial arrhythmias or ischemic heart disease, as it is not known whether this treatment induces or aggravates arrhythmias during or immediately after therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The analytical and transversal study involved 46 patients with degenerative knee osteoarthritis (OA), with or without cardiac diseases, from the Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital inpatient center, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. All patients underwent a 10-day physical therapy program for knee OA (electrotherapy, massage and kinesiotherapy). Heart rate and the total number of ventricular and supraventricular extrasystoles were evaluated before and after treatment, by 24 h Holter ECG monitoring. RESULTS: There was no significant increase in heart rate or in the number of ventricular or supraventricular extrasystoles before or after electrotherapy treatment, regardless of the positive or negative history of arrhythmia or ischemic heart disease (all p > 0.05). Mean values during day 1 were: 35.15 (95% CI [9.60–60.75]) for ventricular ones extrasystoles and 91.7 (95% CI [51.69–131.7]) for supraventricular ones, which during day 2 were 38.09 (95% CI [3.68–72.50]), 110.48 (95% CI [48.59–172.36]), respectively. CONCLUSION: One of the most important things to consider when dealing with an OA patient is that they are most likely older than 65 years, which increases the chance of having a cardiac disease. This raises the need for viable interventions regarding the management of this disease in patients that probably have multiple comorbidities, and where pharmacological and surgical management are not possible, limited or have multiple side effects. Electrotherapy used for treating knee OA did not cause a significant increase in heart rate or number of ventricular and supraventricular extrasystoles in this category of patients.

(1) Background: the aim of the study was to demonstrate its usefulness in the field of imaging evaluation of plaque morphology in psoriasis vulgaris, with an emphasis on the use of confocal microscopy and other advanced skin-imaging techniques. (2) Methods: we conducted a prospective study over two years (July 2022–April 2024), on patients diagnosed with moderate or severe psoriasis vulgaris, treated in the dermatology department of our institution. We selected 30 patients, of whom 15 became eligible according to the inclusion and the exclusion criteria. A total of 60 psoriasis plaques were analyzed by dermatoscopy using a Delta 30 dermatoscope and Vidix 4.0 videodermoscope (VD), by cutaneous ultrasound (US) using a high-resolution 20 MHz linear probe, and by confocal microscopy, along with histopathological analysis. (3) Results: the study included fifteen patients with vulgar psoriasis, diagnosed histopathologically, of whom six were women and nine were men, with an average age of 55. Between two and six plaques per patient were selected and a total of sixty psoriasis plaques were analyzed by non-invasive imaging techniques. Twelve lesions were analyzed with ex vivo fluorescence confocal microscopy (FCM), compared to histology. US showed that the hyperechoic band and the lack of damage to the subcutaneous tissue were the most common criteria. The epidermis and dermis were found to be thicker in the area of psoriasis plaques compared to healthy skin. Dermatoscopy showed that the specific aspect of psoriasis plaques localized on the limbs and trunk was a lesion with an erythematous background, with dotted vessels with regular distribution on the surface and covered by white scales with diffuse distribution. The presence of bushy vessels with medium condensation was the most frequently identified pattern on VD. Good correlations were identified between the histological criteria and those obtained through confocal microscopy. (4) Conclusions: the assessment and monitoring of patients with psoriasis vulgaris can be conducted in a more complete and all-encompassing manner by incorporating dermatoscopy, ultrasonography, and confocal microscopy in clinical practice.

Skin ultrasound (US) is a relatively new imaging technique, for which interest has grown significantly in the last decade. Properties such as mobility, real-time imaging and lack of irradiation or sedation, have made it a useful tool in completing the clinical examination. The use of probes of different frequencies has managed to improve the US technique, offering the possibility of obtaining high quality images. Thus, by using high-frequency and ultra-high frequency US, subclinical information can be obtained with a wide applicability in dermatological pathology. In this paper we aim to discuss the main uses of skin US in non-tumoral pathology (inflammatory and autoimmune pathology).

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a degenerative joint disorder characterized by chronic pain, functional limitation, and low-grade inflammation. While platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has gained traction as a biologic therapy, the relationship between short-term clinical outcomes and systemic inflammatory biomarker dynamics remains poorly understood in routine clinical settings. Methods: This prospective observational study evaluated 40 patients with grade 2–3 KOA receiving a single ultrasound-guided intra-articular PRP injection. Clinical outcomes via the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and the Short Form-36 (SF-36), alongside serum inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-8, IL-18, TNF-α, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein), were assessed at baseline and 4 weeks post-injection using paired tests and multivariable regression. Results: At 4 weeks, clinical scores improved significantly (all p < 0.001). Circulating IL-8 and TNF-α levels decreased significantly (p = 0.009 and p = 0.014, respectively), whereas IL-1β and IL-18 variations were non-significant. Baseline cytokines did not predict clinical outcomes, but a significant association emerged between ΔIL-18 and ΔWOMAC (p = 0.032). Conclusions: A single intra-articular PRP injection was associated with short-term clinical improvements and selected reductions in circulating IL-8 and TNF-α, although the clinical significance of these biomarker changes remains uncertain. Given the observational design and short follow-up, these preliminary findings require confirmation in larger controlled trials.

Background/Objectives: Minimalist footwear has been proposed as a passive means of reducing knee loading, but its effects during walking in healthy adults, the population relevant to primary prevention of knee osteoarthritis (KOA), have not previously been synthesized. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 (PROSPERO CRD420261396693), four databases and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched to September 2026 without date restriction. Primary outcomes were peak knee adduction moment (KAM), KAM impulse, peak knee flexion moment (KFM), and patellofemoral contact force; secondary outcomes were vertical loading rate, stride length, cadence, foot strike angle, and foot progression angle as a registered post hoc amendment. Risk of bias was assessed in duplicate with the Cochrane RoB 2 tool for crossover trials; synthesis was narrative; certainty was rated with GRADE. Results: Six publications met the criteria, but they derive from only four independent cohorts and 100 unique participants: three of the six report the same cohort of 40, a shared structure disclosed in none of them. Two of the four primary outcomes were reported by a single study in one cohort of 16, which found no difference between minimalist and conventional footwear in either peak KAM or peak KFM; KAM impulse and patellofemoral contact force were not reported by any study. Vertical loading rate, spatiotemporal parameters, and foot progression angle were discordant or non-comparable between cohorts. The meta-analysis was precluded by overlapping samples, absent discrete data and non-comparable outcome definitions; certainty was very low for every outcome. Conclusions: The evidence is smaller and less independent than its publication count suggests, and no recommendation for or against minimalist footwear in KOA prevention is currently supportable. Whether these loading markers, studied mainly in relation to progression in established osteoarthritis rather than incident disease in healthy joints, are appropriate prevention targets also remains unclear.