In terms of the Internet and communication, security is the fundamental challenging aspect. There are numerous ways to harm the security of internet users; the most common is phishing, which is a type of attack that aims to steal or misuse a user’s personal information, including account information, identity, passwords, and credit card details. Phishers gather information about the users through mimicking original websites that are indistinguishable to the eye. Sensitive information about the users may be accessed and they might be subject to financial harm or identity theft. Therefore, there is a strong need to develop a system that efficiently detects phishing websites. Three distinct deep learning-based techniques are proposed in this paper to identify phishing websites, including long short-term memory (LSTM) and convolutional neural network (CNN) for comparison, and lastly an LSTM–CNN-based approach. Experimental findings demonstrate the accuracy of the suggested techniques, i.e., 99.2%, 97.6%, and 96.8% for CNN, LSTM–CNN, and LSTM, respectively. The proposed phishing detection method demonstrated by the CNN-based system is superior.

Wireless communication systems play a very crucial role in modern society for entertainment, business, commercial, health and safety applications. These systems keep evolving from one generation to next generation and currently we are seeing deployment of fifth generation (5G) wireless systems around the world. Academics and industries are already discussing beyond 5G wireless systems which will be sixth generation (6G) of the evolution. One of the main and key components of 6G systems will be the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) for such wireless networks. Every component and building block of a wireless system that we currently are familiar with from our knowledge of wireless technologies up to 5G, such as physical, network and application layers, will involve one or another AI/ML techniques. This overview paper, presents an up-to-date review of future wireless system concepts such as 6G and role of ML techniques in these future wireless systems. In particular, we present a conceptual model for 6G and show the use and role of ML techniques in each layer of the model. We review some classical and contemporary ML techniques such as supervised and un-supervised learning, Reinforcement Learning (RL), Deep Learning (DL) and Federated Learning (FL) in the context of wireless communication systems. We conclude the paper with some future applications and research challenges in the area of ML and AI for 6G networks.

The connectivity of devices through the internet plays a remarkable role in our daily lives. Many network-based applications are utilized in different domains, e.g., health care, smart environments, and businesses. These applications offer a wide range of services and provide services to large groups. Therefore, the safety of network-based applications has always been an area of research interest for academia and industry alike. The evolution of deep learning has enabled us to explore new areas of research. Hackers make use of the vulnerabilities in networks and attempt to gain access to confidential systems and information. This information and access to systems can be very harmful and portray losses beyond comprehension. Therefore, detection of these network intrusions is of the utmost importance. Deep learning based techniques require minimal inputs while exploring every possible feature set in the network. Thus, in this paper, we present a one-dimensional convolutional neural network-based deep learning architecture for the detection of network intrusions. In this research, we detect four different types of network intrusions, i.e., DoS Hulk, DDoS, and DoS Goldeneye which belong to the active attack category, and PortScan, which falls in the passive attack category. For this purpose, we used the benchmark CICIDS2017 dataset for conducting the experiments and achieved an accuracy of 98.96% as demonstrated in the experimental results.

Attacks on networks are currently the most pressing issue confronting modern society. Network risks affect all networks, from small to large. An intrusion detection system must be present for detecting and mitigating hostile attacks inside networks. Machine Learning and Deep Learning are currently used in several sectors, particularly the security of information, to design efficient intrusion detection systems. These systems can quickly and accurately identify threats. However, because malicious threats emerge and evolve regularly, networks need an advanced security solution. Hence, building an intrusion detection system that is both effective and intelligent is one of the most cognizant research issues. There are several public datasets available for research on intrusion detection. Because of the complexity of attacks and the continually evolving detection of an attack method, publicly available intrusion databases must be updated frequently. A convolutional recurrent neural network is employed in this study to construct a deep-learning-based hybrid intrusion detection system that detects attacks over a network. To boost the efficiency of the intrusion detection system and predictability, the convolutional neural network performs the convolution to collect local features, while a deep-layered recurrent neural network extracts the features in the proposed Hybrid Deep-Learning-Based Network Intrusion Detection System (HDLNIDS). Experiments are conducted using publicly accessible benchmark CICIDS-2018 data, to determine the effectiveness of the proposed system. The findings of the research demonstrate that the proposed HDLNIDS outperforms current intrusion detection approaches with an average accuracy of 98.90% in detecting malicious attacks.

Breast cancer (BC) is the second most prevalent type of cancer among women leading to death, and its rate of mortality is very high. Its effects will be reduced if diagnosed early. BC’s early detection will greatly boost the prognosis and likelihood of recovery, as it may encourage prompt surgical care for patients. It is therefore vital to have a system enabling the healthcare industry to detect breast cancer quickly and accurately. Machine learning (ML) is widely used in breast cancer (BC) pattern classification due to its advantages in modelling a critical feature detection from complex BC datasets. In this paper, we propose a system for automatic detection of BC diagnosis and prognosis using ensemble of classifiers. First, we review various machine learning (ML) algorithms and ensemble of different ML algorithms. We present an overview of ML algorithms including ANN, and ensemble of different classifiers for automatic BC diagnosis and prognosis detection. We also present and compare various ensemble models and other variants of tested ML based models with and without up-sampling technique on two benchmark datasets. We also studied the effects of using balanced class weight on prognosis dataset and compared its performance with others. The results showed that the ensemble method outperformed other state-of-the-art methods and achieved 98.83% accuracy. Because of high performance, the proposed system is of great importance to the medical industry and relevant research community. The comparison shows that the proposed method outperformed other state-of-the-art methods.

The advancements of technology in every aspect of the current age are leading to the misuse of data. Researchers, therefore, face the challenging task of identifying these manipulated forms of data and distinguishing the real data from the manipulated. Splicing is one of the most common techniques used for digital image tampering; a selected area copied from the same or another image is pasted in an image. Image forgery detection is considered a reliable way to verify the authenticity of digital images. In this study, we proposed an approach based on the state-of-the-art deep learning architecture of ResNet50v2. The proposed model takes image batches as input and utilizes the weights of a YOLO convolutional neural network (CNN) by using the architecture of ResNet50v2. In this study, we used the CASIA_v1 and CASIA_v2 benchmark datasets, which contain two distinct categories, original and forgery, to detect image splicing. We used 80% of the data for the training and the remaining 20% for testing purposes. We also performed a comparative analysis between existing approaches and our proposed system. We evaluated the performance of our technique with the CASIA_v1 and CASIA_v2 datasets. Since the CASIA_v2 dataset is more comprehensive compared to the CASIA_v1 dataset, we obtained 99.3% accuracy for the fine-tuned model using transfer learning and 81% accuracy without transfer learning with the CASIA_v2 dataset. The results show the superiority of the proposed system.