Soil salinity is a major threat to the continuity of sustainable agriculture and food provision and the soil structure deterioration. In this context, determining, reducing and managing soil salinity is very important for creating sustainable modern agriculture. Determining soil salinity is generally carried out in the laboratory environment and devices used in land plots. Remote sensing is one of the important methods used for precise estimation and mapping of salinity. With remote sensing technology, soil salinity maps for large areas can be obtained with low cost and low effort. This study aims to compare remote sensing soil electrical conductivity from PlanetScope and ground measured data in wheat and beet fields in the farming areas of Alpu, Turkey. For that reason, electrical conductivity was measured at several points in wheat and beet fields using in-situ measurements and compared with various soil salinity indices from PlanetScope imagery acquired on the same day. Linear regression analysis was carried out to correlate the electrical conductivity data with their corresponding soil salinity spectral index values. The results show a high correlation (R² = 0.84) between soil salinity in wheat fields and some of the used indices. This study strengthens the idea that soil salinity maps can be obtained fast and accurately for large areas using remote sensing technology.

The issue of what originality means and how it should be addressed in scientific studies has been a controversial and much disputed subject. It is very difficult to come up with a clear and common definition and conceptualization of originality and to discuss such an intangible subject in the context of all scientific fields. In order for researchers and academics to engage in sustainable R&D activities, originality must be well understood and measurably reflected. This study aims to reveal how the concept of originality has been addressed conceptually in the literature. The keywords related to the subject were filtered with Boolean operators and queried in the academic databases of “Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Akademik, Microsoft Academic, TR Index” and academic social networks of “Researchgate, Quora, Edigate Insights”. The results show that due to the variation in the topics, approaches and methodologies within different disciplines, the concept of scientific originality differs from one discipline to another. It is very important to understand the difference between the concepts of creativity, novelty and uniqueness, which are closely related to originality. As such, this study offers clues on originality for researchers.

Laboratory-based courses and research studies play a crucial role in many fields in higher education. With the idea that the creation and use of interactive materials of experimental periods can be a potentially transformative teaching and learning experience, graduate students and instructors have been trained to design and integrate interactive videos as part of their experimental studies. This study aimed to explore self-efficacy, motivation and future intentions of graduate student and instructors to develop and use interactive videos as a learning material. Using a mixed-method approach via a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews, data were collected from graduate students and instructors before and after face-to-face/online trainings on the design and use of interactive videos. Data were analyzed descriptively for the survey items on motivation and perceptions on the use of interactive videos for graduate experiments. For the interview data, the data were analyzed based on specific themes. The results showed that the self-efficacy of the participants have been increased and they had high motivation and strong intention to use interactive videos for a number of reasons. As the participants' self-efficacy has improved, they reported positive perceptions regarding the contributions of interactive videos to their understanding of experimental processes. The findings showed that graduate students shooting an experimental process with their presence can yield better learning outcomes for other graduate students. The results can be valuable for demonstrating potential use of interactive videos during laboratory-based educational and research contexts.

The study aims to identify the possibility of rainwater harvesting in industrial zones (Eskisehir Organized Industrial Zone (EOIZ), Baksan Industrial Site, Matbaacılar Site, ESTIM Wholesalers Site, Auto Gallery, EMKO Furniture and Woodworks, Teksan Industrial Site, Auto Industrialists and Small Industry, Craft Industrial Site, New Organized Industrial Zone Development Area, and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)) with high water use and concentrated impermeable areas. In this case, the amount of rainwater accumulated in impermeable regions was calculated using GIS and RS to reduce the rainwater load that accumulated or reached the wastewater treatment plant. The study will directly contribute to the displaying of the green water footprint resulting from industrial impermeable zones. This work for industrial areas will be pioneering. This study was analyzed using open-source GIS software and Google Earth software, a free application that allows experts in various trade branches of rainwater harvesting in the industrial region, industrialists, and researchers who want to conduct research in this area to do so quickly and easily. When viewed from this perspective, it is clear that the work has original value in the subject and makes significant contributions to the literature. Furthermore, this work directly contributes to the Sustainable Development Goals of "Clean Water and Sanitation" and "Climate Action".