Listeria monocytogenes is one of the most severe foodborne pathogens found in several habitats. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the antilisterial activity of different essential oils (EOs) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) L. monocytogenes strains isolated from fresh chicken meat. Our results showed that the prevalence of L. monocytogenes in the examined samples was 48%. Seventy-eight isolates were identified as L. monocytogenes. Out of these, 64.1% were categorized as MDR and were categorized in 18 patterns with 50 MDR isolates. One isolate was selected randomly from each pattern to investigate their biofilm-forming ability, resistance, and virulence genes incidence. Out of 18 MDR isolates, 88.9% showed biofilm-forming ability. Moreover, the most prevalent resistance genes were ermB (72%), aadA (67%), penA (61%), and floR genes (61%). However, the most prevalent virulence genes were inlA (94.4%), prfA (88.9%), plcB (83.3%), and actaA (83.3%). The antilisterial activity of EOs showed that cinnamon bark oil (CBO) was the most effective antilisterial agent. CBO activity could be attributed to the bioactivity of cinnamaldehyde which effects cell viability by increasing the bacterial cell electrical conductivity, ion leakage, and salt tolerance capacity loss. Therefore, CBO could be an effective alternative natural agent for food safety applications.

Background: The pre-lacrimal window (PLW) approach is a promising technique for accessing otherwise inaccessible maxillary sinus lesions. The objective of this study was to determine the computed tomography (CT) dimensions, measurements, and grading of the PLW.Methods: One hundred paranasal CT scans were included in the study. For all subjects, axial images were obtained, and multiplanar reformats were used to obtain detailed views in the coronal and sagittal planes. The width of the PLW, the width of the nasolacrimal duct (NLD), and the angle between the axis of the NLD and the hard palate were measured and graded.Results: In 100 CT scans (200 sides), the mean PLW width was 5.6± 2.4 mm (range, 0–11.15 mm), the mean NLD width was 6.38± 1.84 mm (range, 1–11 mm), and the mean angle between the axis of the NLD and the hard palate was 68.6°± 6.77° (range, 54°–83°). There were no significant differences between sides or genders for any of the measurements.Conclusion: The CT dimensions of the PLW should be carefully evaluated when considering different endoscopic approaches to, or through, the anterior aspect of the maxillary sinus. The current study enhances surgeon and radiologist awareness of PLW measurements and their variations, ultimately improving the application of the PLW approach.