The study exposes the issues with managing land and forest resources in the Arctic region. Among them are the inability to estimate the cost of forest resources, the conversion of forestry lands into industrial lands, the consequences of renting forest lands, an insufficient forestry inventory, a small number of employees of the State Forest Protection Service, and underdeveloped infrastructure. The main statements of the Arctic Hectare Program are reviewed, which give the possibility of granting land plots primarily located in forest areas. The program is discussed in comparison with the analogous Far Eastern Hectare Program. The development of the Arctic Hectare Program is expected to preserve and increase the popularity of the Arctic region in the future. However, the efficient use of the land requires the improvement of transport infrastructure. The internet site, Geoportal, is used for an analysis of the primary disadvantages of geoinformation systems for selecting land plots in the Arkhangelsk region, which is a part of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The website was established within the Arctic Hectare Program. The article provides suggestions for additional functions of the public cadastral map. It also reveals the reasons for the absence of a methodology for estimating forest resources, including Arctic tundra vegetation. Furthermore, the difficulties with the forest land delegation are observed in relation to the implementation of investment projects in mining, fuel, and energy areas, the development of transportation infrastructure, and the formation of environmental protection zones. The cases of renting out forest lands are discussed. For citation: Kovyazin V.F., Lepikhina O.Yu, Demidova P.M., Kolesnik O.A., Shobairi S.O.R., Nguyen A.T. Problems of Forest Resource Management in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 3, pp. 185–194. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-3-185-194

The article is devoted to the problems of state cadastral registration of road transport constructions. Existing methods of cadastral registration of road constructions are considered. The drawbacks of the existing cadastral registration system in relation to the main types of road constructions are revealed by the example of a road, stopping and parking area for cars and the gas station. Legislation of the Russian Federation does not regulate the issue of cadastral registration of such types of constructions as the gas station, all gas stations which are subject to the state cadastral registration do not have a single composition of the property, a single purpose, the selected type of characteristics. In the course of research, the most correct type of real estate for the gas station was determined, as well as the composition of the elements subject to cadastral registration. The article contains illustrative examples proving the possibility of applying the proposals made.

The main purpose of this study is demonstrating possibilities of using 3D modelling in solving scientific and practical problems et the field of geodesy and cadastre. Increasing number of publications on this topic among Russian and foreign authors are shown. The article considers examples of creating three-dimensional models for the purposes of cadastre and geodesy. A 3D model of cadastral registration of a complex object (gas station) in the specialized software ArchiCad together with Google Earth is presented. The composition of each stage and data set of each “step” of cadastral works in relation to such objects in Russian Federation are proposed. The article considers shortcomings of legal regulation in relation to 3D cadastre at the present stage. In addition, three-dimensional models of the Dukan reservoir (Iraq), showing water levels at different times, were modelled. They based on digital data obtained from the digitized contour map. And it were used such software products like GlobalMapper, ArcMap and ArcScene. After analyzing the regulatory sources, conclusions about the lack of legal regulation in relation to the 3D cadastre in the Russian Federation were made.

The authors consider spatial data as the basis for information provision of the territory. It is noted that at displaying it, significant is to choose the coordinate system and cartographic projection most suitable for a particular territory or object. The issues related to the accuracy of the mentioned information representation play a crucial role. In popular cartographic services and web applications for data display, the accuracy of the results is low; they cannot be correctly applied to engineering tasks. The majority of GIS products incorporate numerous built-in coordinate systems, allowing selection of a suitable projection for a specific task. It is established that today in the Russian Federation there is a number of issues concerned to coordination and displaying objects related to the mineral resource complex, as well as their presentation in the Unified State Real Estate Register. Various districts use different systems; this necessitates transforming coordinates, leading to accumulating errors. Additionally, the multi-stage principles involved in conversion and data display contribute to reduced accuracy. In the case of solving overview visualization tasks, this may not cause serious problems for the user; however, the design of information on objects of the mineral resource complex requires compliance with the desired graphical accuracy. Therefore, developing the coordination principle is closely connected with application of modern methods for data acquisition, digital representation, display, and storage using various information systems, which is directly determined by the strategic tasks of topographic, geodetic, and cartographic support in the Russian Federation until 2030

Актуальность. Задача обеспечения автоматизированного учета, оценки и прогноза запаса лесных ресурсов является одной из важнейших направлений государственной стратегии развития лесного комплекса. Создание автоматизированной информационной системы по геодезическим данным, способной реализовывать качественный и полноценный информационный процесс по сбору, обработке, анализу, моделированию, прогнозу и визуализации пространственно-временных данных о состоянии лесных ресурсов с учетом основных рисков лесного хозяйства, является одним из важных механизмов повышения эффективности лесопользования. Цель: создание методического и программного обеспечения оценки запаса древесных ресурсов на землях лесного фонда с учетом антропогенных рисков. Объекты: лесные насаждения Чернореченского участкового лесничества Всеволожского лесничества Ленинградской области. Методы. На основе применения методов регрессионного моделирования получены математические модели зависимости запаса насаждений различных древесных пород от среднего возраста древостоя в лесном выделе; в основу разработанного программного обеспечения заложены авторские методические решения по оценке и прогнозу запаса древесины. Результаты. Применение полученных зависимостей для Чернореченского лесничества Всеволожского района Ленинградской области позволило рассчитать значения запаса древесины по состоянию на 2011 и 2021 гг., а также спрогнозировать его значения на 2031 г. Предложена методика оценки ущерба пожара на землях лесного фонда на основе интегрального показателя риска. Автоматизация расчета данного показателя в созданной программе позволила осуществить дифференциацию земель лесничества по трем классам риска пожаров. Сформирована карта зонирования территории объекта исследования по риску сплошных и самовольных рубок леса. Созданное программно-методическое обеспечение может служить основой для реализации одного из главных направлений стратегии развития лесного комплекса России в части создания единой федерально-информационной системы учета и прогноза текущего прироста запаса древесных ресурсов лесного фонда.

The authors discuss the features of the gas stations cadastral state registration as structures. The inaccuracy of information on the description of contours and main characteristics of real estate objects in the data of the Unified State Register of Real Estate, caused by the lack of a unified methodology, was revealed. In order to reduce the influence of the subjective component and avoid inconsistencies, it is necessary to adopt a single model standard for cadastral works on gas stations. We propose their specification as cadastral registration units, which means uniform immovable complexes, whose practical application will enable preserving information on the characteristics of real estate objects as part of the whole construction, as well as taking most correctly into account their design features by determining the coordinates of all characteristic points of contours of different types. This will contribute to improving the safety level of the gas station complex operating and implementing technology unity principle for maintaining a Unified State Register of Real Estate throughout the territory of the Russian Federation