Full Professor in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Medical School of Pavia, Italy. Director of the School of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Head of the Centro Studi Attività Motorie and the Neurorehabilitation and Spinal Units, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia. Past research projects: expertise in human neurophysiology, in the field of sensori-motor systems, in normal subjects and patients: a) somatosensory potentials evoked by adequate stimulus and their modulation, b) spinal reflexes (H-reflex and the control of motor pools during movement), c) neural control of muscle lengthening contraction, d) functional role and conduction velocity of group II spindle fibres, e) reflex role of large and small spindle afferent fibres in balance control, in normal subjects and in different types of polyneuropathy. Recent research projects: a) control of posture, and coordination between posture and movement, b) balance control under quiet upright posture and perturbed predictable or unpredictable conditions, c) effect of ageing and neurological diseases (Parkinson, cerebellar, stroke, peripheral neuropathies) under the previous conditions, d) effects of dual tasking on balance and gait, e) rehabilitation of balance disorders, f) telerehabilitation, g) robotics in rehabilitation, h) rehabilitation outcomes in severe brain injury.