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To meet the increasing energy demand, renewable energy is considered the best option. Its patronage is being encouraged by both the research and industrial community. The main driving force for most renewable systems is solar energy. It is abundant and pollutant free compared to fossil products. Wind energy is also considered an abundant medium of energy generation and often goes hand in hand with solar energy. The last few decades have seen a sudden surge in wind energy compared to solar energy due to most wind energy systems being cost effective compared to solar energy. Wind turbines are often categorised as large or small depending on their application and energy generation output. Sustainable materials for construction of different parts of wind turbines are being encouraged to lower the cost of the system. The turbine blades and generators perform crucial roles in the overall operation of the turbines; hence, their material composition is very critical. Today, most turbine blades are made up of natural fiber-reinforced polymer (NFRP) as well as glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP). Others are also made from wood and some metallic materials. Each of the materials introduced has specific characteristics that affect the system’s efficiency. This investigation explores the influence of these materials on turbine efficiency. Observations have shown that composites reinforced with nanomaterials have excellent mechanical characteristics. Carbon nanotubes have unique characteristics that may make them valuable in wind turbine blades in the future. It is possible to strengthen carbon nanotubes with various kinds of resins to get a variety of different characteristics. Similarly, the end-of-life treatment methods for composite materials is also presented.
Abdul Ghani Olabi; Tabbi Wilberforce; Khaled Elsaid; Enas Taha Sayed; Tareq Salameh; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Ahmad Baroutaji. A Review on Failure Modes of Wind Turbine Components. Energies 2021, 14, 5241 .
AMA StyleAbdul Ghani Olabi, Tabbi Wilberforce, Khaled Elsaid, Enas Taha Sayed, Tareq Salameh, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Ahmad Baroutaji. A Review on Failure Modes of Wind Turbine Components. Energies. 2021; 14 (17):5241.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdul Ghani Olabi; Tabbi Wilberforce; Khaled Elsaid; Enas Taha Sayed; Tareq Salameh; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Ahmad Baroutaji. 2021. "A Review on Failure Modes of Wind Turbine Components." Energies 14, no. 17: 5241.
Fuel cells (FCs) have gained increasing attention over the past few years as sustainable energy conversion devices. This is mainly due to their high efficiency due to the direct conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy (the most desirable energy form). Despite the high-energy conversion efficiency of FC, still substantial part of the produced energy is lost as waste heat, hence, proper cooling is necessary to maintain the optimum operating temperature and integrity of the FC. Different heat transfer fluids (HTFs), with water as the most common, are typically used as coolants for FC. In recent years, nanofluids (NFs) have emerged as high-efficiency HTF with remarkably enhanced thermophysical properties. In this work, the application of NFs for heat management and waste heat recovery (WHR) in the FCs has been reviewed and discussed. NFs have been proved to be effective coolants for the FCs. The presence of NFs almost doubles the thermal performance of the FCs while decreasing the size of the cooling system. Additionally, NFs found various applications in the different WHR technologies that can be used for FC devices, like absorption chillers, thermoelectricity generator (TEG), and organic Rankine cycle (ORC) enhancing the performance of the FC-based poly-generation systems. For instance, the use of 0.1 vol.% Al2O3/water-ethylene glycol NF has reduced the heat exchanger size of 2.13 kW proton-exchange membrane FC by about 30%. Moreover, carbon-based NF demonstrated a significant role in improving the performance of microbial FC through the enhancement of the electron transfer between the bulk microorganisms and the anode surface resulting in about a 50% increase in current and power densities.
Enas Taha Sayed; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Mohamed S. Mahmoud; Ahmad Baroutaji; Khaled Elsaid; Tabbi Wilberforce; Hussein M. Maghrabie; G. Olabi. Augmenting Performance of Fuel Cells Using Nanofluids. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 2021, 101012 .
AMA StyleEnas Taha Sayed, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Mohamed S. Mahmoud, Ahmad Baroutaji, Khaled Elsaid, Tabbi Wilberforce, Hussein M. Maghrabie, G. Olabi. Augmenting Performance of Fuel Cells Using Nanofluids. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress. 2021; ():101012.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEnas Taha Sayed; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Mohamed S. Mahmoud; Ahmad Baroutaji; Khaled Elsaid; Tabbi Wilberforce; Hussein M. Maghrabie; G. Olabi. 2021. "Augmenting Performance of Fuel Cells Using Nanofluids." Thermal Science and Engineering Progress , no. : 101012.
The building block of all economies across the world is subject to the medium in which energy is harnessed. Renewable energy is currently one of the recommended substitutes for fossil fuels due to its environmentally friendly nature. Wind energy, which is considered as one of the promising renewable energy forms, has gained lots of attention in the last few decades due to its sustainability as well as viability. This review presents a detailed investigation into this technology as well as factors impeding its commercialization. General selection guidelines for the available wind turbine technologies are presented. Prospects of various components associated with wind energy conversion systems are thoroughly discussed with their limitations equally captured in this report. The need for further optimization techniques in terms of design and materials used for the development of each component is highlighted.
A. Olabi; Tabbi Wilberforce; Khaled Elsaid; Tareq Salameh; Enas Sayed; Khaled Husain; Mohammad Abdelkareem. Selection Guidelines for Wind Energy Technologies. Energies 2021, 14, 3244 .
AMA StyleA. Olabi, Tabbi Wilberforce, Khaled Elsaid, Tareq Salameh, Enas Sayed, Khaled Husain, Mohammad Abdelkareem. Selection Guidelines for Wind Energy Technologies. Energies. 2021; 14 (11):3244.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Olabi; Tabbi Wilberforce; Khaled Elsaid; Tareq Salameh; Enas Sayed; Khaled Husain; Mohammad Abdelkareem. 2021. "Selection Guidelines for Wind Energy Technologies." Energies 14, no. 11: 3244.
The COVID-19 pandemic has hit the world hardly as of the beginning of 2020 and quickly spread worldwide from its first-reported point in early Dec. 2019. By mid-March 2021, the COVID-19 almost hit all countries worldwide, with about 122 and 2.7 million confirmed cases and deaths, respectively. As a strong measure to stop the infection spread and deaths, many countries have enforced quarantine and lockdown of many activities. The shutdown of these activities has resulted in large economic losses. However, it has been widely reported that these measures have resulted in improved air quality, more specifically in highly polluted areas characterized by massive population and industrial activities. The reduced levels of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and particulate matter emissions have been reported and confirmed worldwide in association with lockdown periods. On the other hand, ozone levels in ambient air have been found to increase, mainly in response to the reduced nitrogen emissions. In addition, improved water quality in natural water resources has been reported as well. Wastewater facilities have reported a higher level of organic load with persistent chemicals due to the increased use of sanitizers, disinfectants, and antibiotics. The solid waste generated due to the COVID-19 pandemic was found to increase both qualitatively and quantitatively. This work presents and summarizes the observed environmental effects of COVID-19 as reported in the literature for different countries worldwide. The work provides a distinct overview considering the effects imposed by COVID-19 on the air, water, wastewater, and solid waste as critical elements of the environment.
Khaled Elsaid; Valentina Olabi; Enas Taha Sayed; Tabbi Wilberforce; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem. Effects of COVID-19 on the environment: An overview on air, water, wastewater, and solid waste. Journal of Environmental Management 2021, 292, 112694 -112694.
AMA StyleKhaled Elsaid, Valentina Olabi, Enas Taha Sayed, Tabbi Wilberforce, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem. Effects of COVID-19 on the environment: An overview on air, water, wastewater, and solid waste. Journal of Environmental Management. 2021; 292 ():112694-112694.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhaled Elsaid; Valentina Olabi; Enas Taha Sayed; Tabbi Wilberforce; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem. 2021. "Effects of COVID-19 on the environment: An overview on air, water, wastewater, and solid waste." Journal of Environmental Management 292, no. : 112694-112694.
Tungsten carbide (WC) and tungsten carbide on reduced graphene oxide (WC + rGO) nanolayers show outstanding performance as anode catalysts in microbial fuel cells for the simultaneous generation of power and treatment of wastewater. In this work, we synthesized these catalysts using simple and cost-effective urea glass route and reduction-carburization techniques. The pristine carbon felt (CF), WC/CF, and WC + rGO/CF anodes were characterized using several techniques and tested in a practical microbial fuel cell using industrial wastewater. We found that the unique features of WC/CF and WC + rGO/CF anodes, i.e., the surface area, biocompatibility, structure morphology, and catalytic activity, resulted in significant performance improvements. In particular, WC + rGO/CF exhibited a 4.4-, 7.6-, and 2.1-fold power density, current density, and coulombic efficiency, respectively, relative to the benchmark CF anode. This study confirms the potential use of WC + rGO/CF as a viable anode catalyst in microbial fuel cells on a larger scale.
Hend Omar Mohamed; Sawsan Abo Talas; Enas T. Sayed; Sung-Gwan Park; Tasnim Eisa; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Olfat A. Fadali; Kyu-Jung Chae; Pedro Castaño. Enhancing power generation in microbial fuel cell using tungsten carbide on reduced graphene oxide as an efficient anode catalyst material. Energy 2021, 229, 120702 .
AMA StyleHend Omar Mohamed, Sawsan Abo Talas, Enas T. Sayed, Sung-Gwan Park, Tasnim Eisa, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Olfat A. Fadali, Kyu-Jung Chae, Pedro Castaño. Enhancing power generation in microbial fuel cell using tungsten carbide on reduced graphene oxide as an efficient anode catalyst material. Energy. 2021; 229 ():120702.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHend Omar Mohamed; Sawsan Abo Talas; Enas T. Sayed; Sung-Gwan Park; Tasnim Eisa; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Olfat A. Fadali; Kyu-Jung Chae; Pedro Castaño. 2021. "Enhancing power generation in microbial fuel cell using tungsten carbide on reduced graphene oxide as an efficient anode catalyst material." Energy 229, no. : 120702.
Mesoporous Co dendrites prepared by electroplating have a surface area of 145 m2g−1, which is three times that of Co nanoparticles. The Co dendrites demonstrate superior urea oxidation activity compared to Ni or Co nanoparticles prepared using chemical reduction. The onset potential with Co dendrites is around 0 V “vs. Ag/AgCl” using 2 M urea, that is remarkably lower than 0.35 V “vs. Ag/AgCl” for Ni catalyst at optimum urea concentration of 0.5 M. The current produced in case of the Co dendrites using 2 M urea at 0.5 V “vs. Ag/AgCl” was six times that obtained using Ni. The in-situ measurements using Co dendrites on the Ni foam as anode and Prussian blue as cathode catalyst demonstrated a 21 mWcm−2 at 20 °C. These are the first reported results for a complete Ni-free nonprecious anode and cathode catalysts under real fuel cell operation with high performance comparable to those obtained using precious catalyst under same conditions.
Enas Taha Sayed; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Hussain Alawadhi; A.G. Olabi. Enhancing the performance of direct urea fuel cells using Co dendrites. Applied Surface Science 2021, 555, 149698 .
AMA StyleEnas Taha Sayed, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Hussain Alawadhi, A.G. Olabi. Enhancing the performance of direct urea fuel cells using Co dendrites. Applied Surface Science. 2021; 555 ():149698.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEnas Taha Sayed; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Hussain Alawadhi; A.G. Olabi. 2021. "Enhancing the performance of direct urea fuel cells using Co dendrites." Applied Surface Science 555, no. : 149698.
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are devices that can generate electrical power and heat by transforming the chemical energy stored in the fuels. Waste carbon from industries is a surplus that requires resources to be properly managed without harming the environment. To utilize the chemical energy stored in the waste carbon and convert it into electrical power via SOFC, gives an ethical advantage to produce green electricity at reduced fuel costs. However, operating under carbonaceous conditions requires special fabrication strategies for the SOFC to ensure prolonged efficient operation. In view of the above, the overarching aim of this review paper is to 1. Analyse state of the art vacuum-based fabrication techniques and compare them with conventional techniques to manufacture different classes of SOFCs used in literature till date, 2. Understand the reaction mechanisms for operating on various fuels at a range of operating temperatures, 3. Focus on the modes of operation for activated and industrial waste carbon fuelled SOFCs (CFCs) and calculate their respective fuel conversion efficiencies, power production ability and longevity 4. Suggest novel electronic and ionic conductors with various configurations that show promise when operated in carbonaceous environments yet remain unexplored by researchers, 5. Consolidate the latest life cycle assessment studies on multi-fuelled kW-MW class SOFCs to gauge their environmental and techno-economic impact assessment. The overall objective of this study is to provide the reader an understanding of the challenges and opportunities that exist in realistic implementation of CFCs in the existing infrastructure.
Waqas Hassan Tanveer; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Ben W. Kolosz; Hegazy Rezk; John Andresen; Suk Won Cha; Enas Taha Sayed. The role of vacuum based technologies in solid oxide fuel cell development to utilize industrial waste carbon for power production. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2021, 142, 110803 .
AMA StyleWaqas Hassan Tanveer, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Ben W. Kolosz, Hegazy Rezk, John Andresen, Suk Won Cha, Enas Taha Sayed. The role of vacuum based technologies in solid oxide fuel cell development to utilize industrial waste carbon for power production. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2021; 142 ():110803.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWaqas Hassan Tanveer; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Ben W. Kolosz; Hegazy Rezk; John Andresen; Suk Won Cha; Enas Taha Sayed. 2021. "The role of vacuum based technologies in solid oxide fuel cell development to utilize industrial waste carbon for power production." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 142, no. : 110803.
A low cost bipolar plate materials with a high fuel cell performance is important for the establishment of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM ) fuel cells into the competitive world market. In this research, the effect of different bipolar plates material such as Aluminum (Al), Copper (Cu), and Stainless Steel (SS) of a single stack of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells was investigated both numerically and experimentally. Firstly, a three dimensional (3D) PEM fuel cell model was developed, and simulations were conducted using commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ANSYS FLUENT to examine the effect of each bipolar plate materials on cell performance. Along with cell performance, significant parameters distributions like temperature, pressure, a mass fraction of hydrogen, oxygen, and water is presented. Then, an experimental study of a single cell of Al, Cu, and SS bipolar plate material was used in the verification of the numerical investigation. Finally, polarization curves of numerical and experimental results was compared for validation, and the result shows that Al serpentine bipolar plate material performed better than Cu and SS materials. The outcome of the investigation was in tandem to the fact that due to adsorption on metal surfaces, hydrogen molecules is more stable on Al surface than Cu and SS surfaces.
Tabbi Wilberforce; Oluwatosin Ijaodola; Ogungbemi Emmanuel; James Thompson; Abdul Olabi; Mohammad Abdelkareem; Enas Sayed; Khaled Elsaid; Hussein Maghrabie. Optimization of Fuel Cell Performance Using Computational Fluid Dynamics. Membranes 2021, 11, 146 .
AMA StyleTabbi Wilberforce, Oluwatosin Ijaodola, Ogungbemi Emmanuel, James Thompson, Abdul Olabi, Mohammad Abdelkareem, Enas Sayed, Khaled Elsaid, Hussein Maghrabie. Optimization of Fuel Cell Performance Using Computational Fluid Dynamics. Membranes. 2021; 11 (2):146.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTabbi Wilberforce; Oluwatosin Ijaodola; Ogungbemi Emmanuel; James Thompson; Abdul Olabi; Mohammad Abdelkareem; Enas Sayed; Khaled Elsaid; Hussein Maghrabie. 2021. "Optimization of Fuel Cell Performance Using Computational Fluid Dynamics." Membranes 11, no. 2: 146.
A biocompatible graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was prepared on the surface of carbon brush fiber (CB) via a facile one-step preparation method. The prepared g-C3N4 formed a composite with the carbon brush’s fibers ([email protected]), as shown from the XRD analysis. The [email protected] was used as an anode in a yeast-based microbial fuel cell (MFC), and demonstrated an outstanding performance compared to plain CB. An anode potential of −0.27 V “vs. Ag/AgCl” and an open-circuit voltage of 0.77 V was obtained in the case of the composite electrode, compared to −0.1 V vs. Ag/AgCl and 0.62 V, respectively, in the case of the CB. The cell using the composite electrode demonstrated a maximum power of 772 mWm−2, which is twelve times that obtained using the CB. The outstanding performance of the composite electrode can be credited to the biocompatibility of the composite anode and its roughness, which improved the yeast biofilm formation and decreased the ohmic resistance. This is the first report involving the application of g-C3N4 in a yeast-based MFC, and it demonstrated promising results which can be used for other types of MFCs.
Enas Taha Sayed; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Hussain Alawadhi; Khaled Elsaid; Tabbi Wilberforce; A.G. Olabi. Graphitic carbon nitride/carbon brush composite as a novel anode for yeast-based microbial fuel cells. Energy 2021, 221, 119849 .
AMA StyleEnas Taha Sayed, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Hussain Alawadhi, Khaled Elsaid, Tabbi Wilberforce, A.G. Olabi. Graphitic carbon nitride/carbon brush composite as a novel anode for yeast-based microbial fuel cells. Energy. 2021; 221 ():119849.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEnas Taha Sayed; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Hussain Alawadhi; Khaled Elsaid; Tabbi Wilberforce; A.G. Olabi. 2021. "Graphitic carbon nitride/carbon brush composite as a novel anode for yeast-based microbial fuel cells." Energy 221, no. : 119849.
The harmful effect of carbon pollution leads to depletion of the ozone layer, which is one of the main challenges confronting the world. Although progress is made in developing different carbon dioxide (CO2) capturing methods, these methods are still expensive and face several technical challenges. Fuel cells (FCs) are efficient energy converting devices that produce energy via an electrochemical process. Recently varying kinds of fuel cells are considered as an effective method for CO2 capturing and/or conversion. Among the different types of fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs), and microbial fuel cells (MFCs) demonstrated promising results in this regard. High-temperature fuel cells such as SOFCs and MCFCs are effectively used for CO2 capturing through their electrolyte and have shown promising results in combination with power plants or industrial effluents. An algae-based microbial fuel cell is an electrochemical device used to capture and convert carbon dioxide through the photosynthesis process using algae strains to organic matters and simultaneously power generation. This review present a brief background about carbon capture and storage techniques and the technological advancement related to carbon dioxide captured by different fuel cells, including molten carbonate fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells, and algae-based fuel cells.
Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Maryam Abdullah Lootah; Enas Taha Sayed; Tabbi Wilberforce; Hussain Alawadhi; Bashria A.A. Yousef; A.G. Olabi. Fuel cells for carbon capture applications. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 769, 144243 .
AMA StyleMohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Maryam Abdullah Lootah, Enas Taha Sayed, Tabbi Wilberforce, Hussain Alawadhi, Bashria A.A. Yousef, A.G. Olabi. Fuel cells for carbon capture applications. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 769 ():144243.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Maryam Abdullah Lootah; Enas Taha Sayed; Tabbi Wilberforce; Hussain Alawadhi; Bashria A.A. Yousef; A.G. Olabi. 2020. "Fuel cells for carbon capture applications." Science of The Total Environment 769, no. : 144243.
A g-C3N4/VC composite material comprising of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and Vulcan carbon (VC) with different ratios, i.e., 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2 were prepared through hydrothermal method without using any additives. These composite materials were further utilized as a support for Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles. These materials formed new type of Ni/(g-C3N4/VC) composite materials. The SEM images show the sheet-like structure of the graphitic carbon nitride. Although Ni nanoparticles' electrochemical activity over the surface for graphitic carbon nitride was slightly more compared to Ni supported on the Vulcan carbon, the Ni supported on the different composite supports demonstrated an outstanding activity compared with that over the single supports. Among the different composite ratios of the graphitic carbon nitride to the Vulcan carbon, the one with high Vulcan carbon, i.e., 2:1, exhibited the best performance that is nine-times the current density in comparison to that of Ni over Vulcan carbon at 0.5 V using 2 M urea in 1 M potassium hydroxide. The stability for the prepared Ni over the composite support was high, where the degradation in the current density for more than 2 hours was negligible.
Hussain Alawadhi; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Najrul Hussain; Tabbi Wilberforce; Enas Taha Sayed. A composite of graphitic carbon nitride and Vulcan carbon as an effective catalyst support for Ni in direct urea fuel cells. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers 2020, 116, 160 -168.
AMA StyleHussain Alawadhi, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Najrul Hussain, Tabbi Wilberforce, Enas Taha Sayed. A composite of graphitic carbon nitride and Vulcan carbon as an effective catalyst support for Ni in direct urea fuel cells. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. 2020; 116 ():160-168.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHussain Alawadhi; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Najrul Hussain; Tabbi Wilberforce; Enas Taha Sayed. 2020. "A composite of graphitic carbon nitride and Vulcan carbon as an effective catalyst support for Ni in direct urea fuel cells." Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers 116, no. : 160-168.
Over the past years, hydrogen has been identified as the most promising carrier of clean energy. In a world that aims to replace fossil fuels to mitigate greenhouse emissions and address other environmental concerns, hydrogen generation technologies have become a main player in the energy mix. Since hydrogen is the main working medium in fuel cells and hydrogen-based energy storage systems, integrating these systems with other renewable energy systems is becoming very feasible. For example, the coupling of wind or solar systems hydrogen fuel cells as secondary energy sources is proven to enhance grid stability and secure the reliable energy supply for all times. The current demand for clean energy is unprecedented, and it seems that hydrogen can meet such demand only when produced and stored in large quantities. This paper presents an overview of the main hydrogen production and storage technologies, along with their challenges. They are presented to help identify technologies that have sufficient potential for large-scale energy applications that rely on hydrogen. Producing hydrogen from water and fossil fuels and storing it in underground formations are the best large-scale production and storage technologies. However, the local conditions of a specific region play a key role in determining the most suited production and storage methods, and there might be a need to combine multiple strategies together to allow a significant large-scale production and storage of hydrogen.
A.G. Olabi; Adel Saleh Bahri; Aasim Ahmed Abdelghafar; Ahmad Baroutaji; Enas Taha Sayed; Abdul Hai Alami; Hegazy Rezk; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem. Large-vscale hydrogen production and storage technologies: Current status and future directions. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleA.G. Olabi, Adel Saleh Bahri, Aasim Ahmed Abdelghafar, Ahmad Baroutaji, Enas Taha Sayed, Abdul Hai Alami, Hegazy Rezk, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem. Large-vscale hydrogen production and storage technologies: Current status and future directions. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA.G. Olabi; Adel Saleh Bahri; Aasim Ahmed Abdelghafar; Ahmad Baroutaji; Enas Taha Sayed; Abdul Hai Alami; Hegazy Rezk; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem. 2020. "Large-vscale hydrogen production and storage technologies: Current status and future directions." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , no. : 1.
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a promising technology for simultaneous wastewater treatment and energy harvesting. The properties of the anode material play a critical role in the performance of the MFC. In this study, graphene oxide was prepared by a modified hummer's method. A thin layer of graphene oxide was incorporated on the carbon brush using an electrophoretic technique. The deoxygenated graphene oxide formed on the surface of the carbon brush (RGO-CB) was investigated as a bio-anode in MFC operated with real wastewater. The performance of the MFC using the RGO-CB was compared with that using plain carbon brush anode (PCB). Results showed that electrophoretic deposition of graphene oxide on the surface of carbon brush significantly enhanced the performance of the MFC, where the power density increased more than 10 times (from 33 mWm−2 to 381 mWm−2). Although the COD removal was nearly similar for the two MFCs, i.e., with PCB and RGO-CB; the columbic efficiency significantly increased in the case of RGO-CB anode. The improved performance in the case of the modified electrode was related to the role of the graphene in improving the electron transfer from the microorganism to the anode surface, as confirmed from the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements.
Enas Taha Sayed; Hussain Alawadhi; A.G. Olabi; Aisha Jamal; Menna Salah Almahdi; Juiaria Khalid; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem. Electrophoretic deposition of graphene oxide on carbon brush as bioanode for microbial fuel cell operated with real wastewater. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2020, 46, 5975 -5983.
AMA StyleEnas Taha Sayed, Hussain Alawadhi, A.G. Olabi, Aisha Jamal, Menna Salah Almahdi, Juiaria Khalid, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem. Electrophoretic deposition of graphene oxide on carbon brush as bioanode for microbial fuel cell operated with real wastewater. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2020; 46 (8):5975-5983.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEnas Taha Sayed; Hussain Alawadhi; A.G. Olabi; Aisha Jamal; Menna Salah Almahdi; Juiaria Khalid; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem. 2020. "Electrophoretic deposition of graphene oxide on carbon brush as bioanode for microbial fuel cell operated with real wastewater." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 46, no. 8: 5975-5983.
The application of bioelectrochemical systems mostly aims to be used for the generation of electricity or chemicals. The quest to generate energy that is both sustainable and environmentally friendly over the last few years has accelerated the growth in research activities in bioelectrochemical cells, namely: microbial fuel cells (MFCs), microbial electrolysis cells (MECs), microbial desalination cells (MDCs), and microbial electrolysis desalination cells (MEDCs). Microbial fuel cells and microbial electrolysis cells are considered the most developed technologies among these various types of bioelectrochemical systems. This investigation, intends to highlight the basic operational characteristics of MFCs and MECs using wastewater as fuel. The prospects associated with this novel technology, along with challenges related to their operation, have all been highlighted in this investigation. The application of bioelectrochemical systems, as well as possible integration with other technologies, have all been critically discussed. Moreover, the current work identified key factors impeding the commercialization of these technologies, including lower efficiencies, mass transfer limitations, porosity, and protonic conductivity. Other factors include the mechanical and chemical stability of materials, along with their biocompatibility. In summary, the application of bioelectrochemical systems futuristically will revolve around energy generation, mitigation of toxic gas emissions, wastewater treatment, bioanalysis, and environmental remediation.
Tabbi Wilberforce; Enas Taha Sayed; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Khaled Elsaid; A.G. Olabi. Value added products from wastewater using bioelectrochemical systems: Current trends and perspectives. Journal of Water Process Engineering 2020, 39, 101737 .
AMA StyleTabbi Wilberforce, Enas Taha Sayed, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Khaled Elsaid, A.G. Olabi. Value added products from wastewater using bioelectrochemical systems: Current trends and perspectives. Journal of Water Process Engineering. 2020; 39 ():101737.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTabbi Wilberforce; Enas Taha Sayed; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Khaled Elsaid; A.G. Olabi. 2020. "Value added products from wastewater using bioelectrochemical systems: Current trends and perspectives." Journal of Water Process Engineering 39, no. : 101737.
Fuel cells are potentially efficient, silent, and environmentally friendly tools for electrical power generation. One of the obstacles facing the development and the commercialization of fuel cells is the dependence on the precious metal catalyst, i.e., Platinum (Pt) and Pt - alloy, especially at the cathode where high catalyst loading used to compensate the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Pt is not only an expensive and rare element but also has insufficient durability. The development of an efficient non-precious catalyst, i.e., electrochemically active, chemically and mechanically stable, and electrically conductive, is one of the basic requirements for the commercialization of fuel cells. The bonding to carbon and nitrogen to form metal carbides and nitrides modify the nature of the d-band of the parent metal, thus improve its catalytic properties relative to the parent metals to be similar to those of group VIII noble metals. In this article, we summarize the progress in the development of the transition metal carbides (TMCs) and transition metals nitrides (TMNs) relative to their application as catalysts for the ORR in fuel cells. The preparation of TMCs and TMNs via different routes which significantly affects its activity is discussed. The ORR catalytic activity of the TMCs and TMNs as a non-precious catalyst or catalyst support in fuel cells is discussed and compared to that of the Pt-based catalyst in this review article. Moreover, the recent progress in the preparation of the nano-sized (which is a critical factor for increasing the activity at low temperature) TMCs and TMNs are discussed.
Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Tabbi Wilberforce; Khaled Elsaid; Enas Taha Sayed; Emad A.M. Abdelghani; A.G. Olabi. Transition metal carbides and nitrides as oxygen reduction reaction catalyst or catalyst support in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2020, 46, 23529 -23547.
AMA StyleMohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Tabbi Wilberforce, Khaled Elsaid, Enas Taha Sayed, Emad A.M. Abdelghani, A.G. Olabi. Transition metal carbides and nitrides as oxygen reduction reaction catalyst or catalyst support in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2020; 46 (45):23529-23547.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Tabbi Wilberforce; Khaled Elsaid; Enas Taha Sayed; Emad A.M. Abdelghani; A.G. Olabi. 2020. "Transition metal carbides and nitrides as oxygen reduction reaction catalyst or catalyst support in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs)." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 46, no. 45: 23529-23547.
Renewable energy resources play a very important rule these days to assist the conventional energy systems for doing its function in the UAE due to high greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and energy demand. In this paper, the analysis and performance of integrated standalone hybrid solar PV, fuel cell and diesel generator power system with battery energy storage system (BESS) or supercapacitor energy storage system (SCESS) in Khorfakkan city, Sharjah were presented. HOMER Pro software was used to model and simulate the hybrid energy system (HES) based on the daily energy consumption for Khorfakkan city. The simulation results show that using SCESS as an energy storage system will help the performance of HES based on the Levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The HES with SCESS has renewable fraction (68.1%) and 0.346 $/kWh LCOE. The HES meets the annual AC primary load of the city (13.6 GWh) with negligible electricity excess and with an unmet electrical load of 1.38%. The reduction in GHG emissions for HES with SCESS was 83.2%, equivalent to saving 814,428 gallons of diesel.
Tareq Salameh; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; A.G. Olabi; Enas Taha Sayed; Monadhil Al-Chaderchi; Hegazy Rezk. Integrated standalone hybrid solar PV, fuel cell and diesel generator power system for battery or supercapacitor storage systems in Khorfakkan, United Arab Emirates. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2020, 46, 6014 -6027.
AMA StyleTareq Salameh, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, A.G. Olabi, Enas Taha Sayed, Monadhil Al-Chaderchi, Hegazy Rezk. Integrated standalone hybrid solar PV, fuel cell and diesel generator power system for battery or supercapacitor storage systems in Khorfakkan, United Arab Emirates. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2020; 46 (8):6014-6027.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTareq Salameh; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; A.G. Olabi; Enas Taha Sayed; Monadhil Al-Chaderchi; Hegazy Rezk. 2020. "Integrated standalone hybrid solar PV, fuel cell and diesel generator power system for battery or supercapacitor storage systems in Khorfakkan, United Arab Emirates." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 46, no. 8: 6014-6027.
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is an emerging method for extracting energy from wastewater. The power generated from such systems is low due to the sluggish electron transfer from the inside of the biocatalyst to the anode surface. One strategy for enhancing the electron transfer rate is anode modification. In this study, iron nanostructure was synthesized on a carbon cloth (CC) via a simple electroplating technique, and later investigated as a bio-anode in an MFC operated with real wastewater. The performance of an MFC with a nano-layer of iron was compared to that using bare CC. The results demonstrated that the open-circuit voltage increased from 600 mV in the case of bare CC to 800 mV in the case of the iron modified CC, showing a 33% increase in OCV. This increase in OCV can be credited to the decrease in the anode potential from 0.16 V vs. Ag/AgCl in the case of bare CC, to −0.01 V vs. Ag/AgCl in the case of the modified CC. The power output in the case of the modified electrode was 80 mW/m2—two times that of the MFC using the bare CC. Furthermore, the steady-state current in the case of the iron modified carbon cloth was two times that of the bare CC electrode. The improved performance was correlated to the enhanced electron transfer between the microorganisms and the iron-plated surface, along with the increase of the anode surface- as confirmed from the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the surface morphology, respectively.
Enas Sayed; Hussain Alawadhi; Khaled Elsaid; A. Olabi; Maryam Adel Almakrani; Shaikha Bin Tamim; Ghada Alafranji; Mohammad Abdelkareem. A Carbon-Cloth Anode Electroplated with Iron Nanostructure for Microbial Fuel Cell Operated with Real Wastewater. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6538 .
AMA StyleEnas Sayed, Hussain Alawadhi, Khaled Elsaid, A. Olabi, Maryam Adel Almakrani, Shaikha Bin Tamim, Ghada Alafranji, Mohammad Abdelkareem. A Carbon-Cloth Anode Electroplated with Iron Nanostructure for Microbial Fuel Cell Operated with Real Wastewater. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (16):6538.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEnas Sayed; Hussain Alawadhi; Khaled Elsaid; A. Olabi; Maryam Adel Almakrani; Shaikha Bin Tamim; Ghada Alafranji; Mohammad Abdelkareem. 2020. "A Carbon-Cloth Anode Electroplated with Iron Nanostructure for Microbial Fuel Cell Operated with Real Wastewater." Sustainability 12, no. 16: 6538.
Combined heat and power (CHP) in a single and integrated device is concurrent or synchronized production of many sources of usable power, typically electric, as well as thermal. Integrating combined heat and power systems in today’s energy market will address energy scarcity, global warming, as well as energy-saving problems. This review highlights the system design for fuel cell CHP technologies. Key among the components discussed was the type of fuel cell stack capable of generating the maximum performance of the entire system. The type of fuel processor used was also noted to influence the systemic performance coupled with its longevity. Other components equally discussed was the power electronics. The thermal and water management was also noted to have an effect on the overall efficiency of the system. Carbon dioxide emission reduction, reduction of electricity cost and grid independence, were some notable advantages associated with fueling cell combined heat and power systems. Despite these merits, the high initial capital cost is a key factor impeding its commercialization. It is, therefore, imperative that future research activities are geared towards the development of novel, and cheap, materials for the development of the fuel cell, which will transcend into a total reduction of the entire system. Similarly, robust, systemic designs should equally be an active research direction. Other types of fuel aside, hydrogen should equally be explored. Proper risk assessment strategies and documentation will similarly expand and accelerate the commercialization of this novel technology. Finally, public sensitization of the technology will also make its acceptance and possible competition with existing forms of energy generation feasible. The work, in summary, showed that proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEM fuel cell) operated at a lower temperature-oriented cogeneration has good efficiency, and is very reliable. The critical issue pertaining to these systems has to do with the complication associated with water treatment. This implies that the balance of the plant would be significantly affected; likewise, the purity of the gas is crucial in the performance of the system. An alternative to these systems is the PEM fuel cell systems operated at higher temperatures.
A.G. Olabi; Tabbi Wilberforce; Enas Taha Sayed; Khaled Elsaid; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem. Prospects of Fuel Cell Combined Heat and Power Systems. Energies 2020, 13, 4104 .
AMA StyleA.G. Olabi, Tabbi Wilberforce, Enas Taha Sayed, Khaled Elsaid, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem. Prospects of Fuel Cell Combined Heat and Power Systems. Energies. 2020; 13 (16):4104.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA.G. Olabi; Tabbi Wilberforce; Enas Taha Sayed; Khaled Elsaid; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem. 2020. "Prospects of Fuel Cell Combined Heat and Power Systems." Energies 13, no. 16: 4104.
In this work, Cu2O nanoparticles were successfully prepared onto the surface of two-dimensional graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) by using a simple solution chemistry approach. An environment-friendly reducing agent, glucose, was used for the synthesis of Cu2O NPs onto the surface of g-C3N4 without using any surfactant or additives. The surface composition, crystalline structure, morphology, as well as other properties have been investigated using XPS, XRD, SEM, FTIR, FESEM, EDS, etc. The electrochemical measurements of the prepared materials demonstrated that Cu2O exhibited a weak oxidation activity towards urea, while g-C3N4 has no activity towards urea oxidation. The Cu2O supported on the surface of g-C3N4 (Cu2O-g-C3N4) demonstrated a significant activity towards urea oxidation that reached two times that of the unsupported one. The significant increase in the performance was related to the synergetic effect between the Cu2O and g-C3N4 support. The prepared composite materials demonstrated high stability towards urea oxidation as confirmed from the stable current discharge for around 3 h without any noticeable degradation performance.
Najrul Hussain; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Hussain Alawadhi; Abed Alaswad; Enas Taha Sayed. Two dimensional Cu based nanocomposite materials for direct urea fuel cell. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2020, 46, 6051 -6060.
AMA StyleNajrul Hussain, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Hussain Alawadhi, Abed Alaswad, Enas Taha Sayed. Two dimensional Cu based nanocomposite materials for direct urea fuel cell. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2020; 46 (8):6051-6060.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNajrul Hussain; Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Hussain Alawadhi; Abed Alaswad; Enas Taha Sayed. 2020. "Two dimensional Cu based nanocomposite materials for direct urea fuel cell." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 46, no. 8: 6051-6060.
A simple electrodeposition technique has been used to synthesize Co nanoparticles with a 3D leaf-like morphology at room temperature. The prepared Co material has a layered sheet structure of a few nanometers thickness. The surface area of the Co leaf-like structure is three times higher than that of the Co nanoparticles. The prepared nanoparticles exhibit high activity towards ethanol oxidation in alkaline media with an onset potential of 0 V vs Ag/AgCl, which is one of the lowest reported potentials for a non-precious catalyst. The current density is observed to increase with increasing ethanol concentration from 0.1 M to 2 M, after which it plateaus. Mixing the Co catalyst with Vulcan carbon (20 wt%) resulted in a 50% increase in current discharge at different ethanol concentrations due to the improvement in mass and charge transfer rates as confirmed by EIS measurements. Also, Co deposited in situ on the surface of nickel foam (NF) exhibited a high activity towards ethanol oxidation as a standalone electrode that is 10 times that of bare NF.
Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Enas Taha Sayed; Hussain Alawadhi; Abdul Hai Alami. Synthesis and testing of cobalt leaf-like nanomaterials as an active catalyst for ethanol oxidation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2020, 45, 17311 -17319.
AMA StyleMohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Enas Taha Sayed, Hussain Alawadhi, Abdul Hai Alami. Synthesis and testing of cobalt leaf-like nanomaterials as an active catalyst for ethanol oxidation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2020; 45 (35):17311-17319.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Ali Abdelkareem; Enas Taha Sayed; Hussain Alawadhi; Abdul Hai Alami. 2020. "Synthesis and testing of cobalt leaf-like nanomaterials as an active catalyst for ethanol oxidation." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 45, no. 35: 17311-17319.