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A vehicular road traffic noise prediction methodology based on machine learning techniques has been presented. The road traffic parameters that have been considered are traffic volume, percentage of heavy vehicles, honking occurrences and the equivalent continuous sound pressure level. Leq A method to include the honking effect in the traffic noise prediction has been illustrated. The techniques that have been used for the prediction of traffic noise are decision trees, random forests, generalized linear models and artificial neural networks. The results obtained by using these methods have been compared on the basis of mean square error, correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination and accuracy. It has been observed that honking is an important parameter and contributes to the overall traffic noise, especially in congested Indian road traffic conditions. The effects of honking noise on the human health cannot be ignored and it should be included as a parameter in the future traffic noise prediction models.
Daljeet Singh; Antonella Francavilla; Simona Mancini; Claudio Guarnaccia. Application of Machine Learning to Include Honking Effect in Vehicular Traffic Noise Prediction. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 6030 .
AMA StyleDaljeet Singh, Antonella Francavilla, Simona Mancini, Claudio Guarnaccia. Application of Machine Learning to Include Honking Effect in Vehicular Traffic Noise Prediction. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (13):6030.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaljeet Singh; Antonella Francavilla; Simona Mancini; Claudio Guarnaccia. 2021. "Application of Machine Learning to Include Honking Effect in Vehicular Traffic Noise Prediction." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13: 6030.
To reduce environmental noise pollution and to safeguard people’s well-being, it is urgently necessary to move towards sustainable urban development and reconcile demographic and economic growth with the protection and restoration of the environment and the improvement of the quality of human lives. This challenge should be a concern to policymakers, who must issue regulations and define the appropriate actions for noise monitoring and management, and citizens, who must be sensitive to the problem and act accordingly. Starting from an analysis of several crowdsourcing noise data collection tools, this paper focuses on the definition of a methodology for data analysis and mapping. The sound sensing system, indeed, enables mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets, to become a low-cost data collection for monitoring environmental noise. For this study, the “NoiseCapture” application developed in France by CNRS and IFSTTAR has been utilized. The measurements acquired in 2018 and 2019 at the Fisciano Campus at the University of Salerno were integrated with the kernel density estimation. This is a spatial analysis technique that allows for the elaboration of sound level density maps, defined spatially and temporally. These maps, overlaid on a campus facilities map, can become tools to support the appropriate mitigation actions.
Gabriella Graziuso; Simona Mancini; Antonella Francavilla; Michele Grimaldi; Claudio Guarnaccia. Geo-Crowdsourced Sound Level Data in Support of the Community Facilities Planning. A Methodological Proposal. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5486 .
AMA StyleGabriella Graziuso, Simona Mancini, Antonella Francavilla, Michele Grimaldi, Claudio Guarnaccia. Geo-Crowdsourced Sound Level Data in Support of the Community Facilities Planning. A Methodological Proposal. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (10):5486.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriella Graziuso; Simona Mancini; Antonella Francavilla; Michele Grimaldi; Claudio Guarnaccia. 2021. "Geo-Crowdsourced Sound Level Data in Support of the Community Facilities Planning. A Methodological Proposal." Sustainability 13, no. 10: 5486.
In order to manage noise pollution and reduce its environmental impact and health outcomes, several regulations have been issued in the last few decades, defining acoustic indicators and their thresholds. However, the acoustic environment can be considered a resource, focusing on people’s subjective perception of sounds in accordance with the soundscape approach. The integration of the tools, already applied by the legislation, and the soundscape technique produces a more thorough and comprehensive evaluation of the environmental noise that is necessary for its management. Starting from the best practice of the soundscape in urban planning, this paper presents an application of this approach at the Fisciano campus of the University of Salerno (Italy). The overarching goal is the comparison between the physical parameters, obtained by measuring the sound pressure level, and the psychoacoustic ones, derived by questionnaires given to a group of local experts during a soundwalk. The results will show, for example, some areas characterized by high sound pressure levels and a good perception of the soundscape. As a consequence, the application would seem to have discrepancies between the results of the two methods, but a deeper analysis can reveal further information to the traditional measurements that allow a more accurate knowledge of the acoustic environment.
Simona Mancini; Aurora Mascolo; Gabriella Graziuso; Claudio Guarnaccia. Soundwalk, Questionnaires and Noise Measurements in a University Campus: A Soundscape Study. Sustainability 2021, 13, 841 .
AMA StyleSimona Mancini, Aurora Mascolo, Gabriella Graziuso, Claudio Guarnaccia. Soundwalk, Questionnaires and Noise Measurements in a University Campus: A Soundscape Study. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (2):841.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimona Mancini; Aurora Mascolo; Gabriella Graziuso; Claudio Guarnaccia. 2021. "Soundwalk, Questionnaires and Noise Measurements in a University Campus: A Soundscape Study." Sustainability 13, no. 2: 841.
The main purpose of this work is to develop a single vehicle noise emission model that uses speed as input variable and returns as output a parameter directly referable to the noise source, namely the source sound power level (L w ). The model was tested on three light-duty vehicles with different motorizations: diesel, gasoline and gasoline-electric hybrid. Field measurements were conducted on a straight road and for different speed values (10-90 km/h). The influence of the engaged gear on the noise at different constant speed values was also explored for gasoline and diesel vehicles using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results revealed that the source power level emitted by different typologies of cars against speed followed significantly different trends, more evident at speeds lower than 40 km/h. In such cases, the contribution of the engine on the noise is prevalent and ANOVA test confirmed that the gear choice influenced the noise at low speeds. At higher speed values such difference disappears.
Antonio Pascale; Paulo Fernandes; Behnam Bahmankhah; Eloísa Macedo; Claudio Guarnaccia; Margarida C. Coelho. A Vehicle Noise Specific Power Concept. 2020 Forum on Integrated and Sustainable Transportation Systems (FISTS) 2020, 170 -175.
AMA StyleAntonio Pascale, Paulo Fernandes, Behnam Bahmankhah, Eloísa Macedo, Claudio Guarnaccia, Margarida C. Coelho. A Vehicle Noise Specific Power Concept. 2020 Forum on Integrated and Sustainable Transportation Systems (FISTS). 2020; ():170-175.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Pascale; Paulo Fernandes; Behnam Bahmankhah; Eloísa Macedo; Claudio Guarnaccia; Margarida C. Coelho. 2020. "A Vehicle Noise Specific Power Concept." 2020 Forum on Integrated and Sustainable Transportation Systems (FISTS) , no. : 170-175.
The degradation of the sound environment contributes significantly to the external costs of mobility and is an obstacle to the development of cities. Action plans aiming at fighting traffic noise often take a long time to reach mature implementation. Therefore, it is advantageous to envisage how societal and urban changes and associated changes in mobility practices will modify the urban sound environment of tomorrow. In this article, an interdisciplinary team of seven researchers, whose work focuses on different fields of acoustics and mobility, reviews the potential impact of ongoing mobility and society changes on sound environments. First, the team identified the trends dealing with urban renewal, societal changes and new mobility drivers that have the greatest influence on sound environments, and analyzed in detail. From this analysis, insights emerged for urban noise impact and innovative noise mitigation solutions in the light of improved assessment of the links between mobility and urban sound environments.
A. Can; A. L'Hostis; P. Aumond; D. Botteldooren; M.C. Coelho; C. Guarnaccia; J. Kang. The future of urban sound environments: Impacting mobility trends and insights for noise assessment and mitigation. Applied Acoustics 2020, 170, 107518 .
AMA StyleA. Can, A. L'Hostis, P. Aumond, D. Botteldooren, M.C. Coelho, C. Guarnaccia, J. Kang. The future of urban sound environments: Impacting mobility trends and insights for noise assessment and mitigation. Applied Acoustics. 2020; 170 ():107518.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Can; A. L'Hostis; P. Aumond; D. Botteldooren; M.C. Coelho; C. Guarnaccia; J. Kang. 2020. "The future of urban sound environments: Impacting mobility trends and insights for noise assessment and mitigation." Applied Acoustics 170, no. : 107518.
Analytical models for the simulation of contaminants’ fate and transport in the unsaturated zone are used in many engineering applications concerning groundwater resource management and risk assessment. As a consequence, several scientific studies dealing with the development and application of analytical solutions have been carried out. Six models have been selected and compared based on common characteristics to identify pros and cons as well as to highlight any difference in the final output. The analyzed models have been clustered into three groups according to the assumptions on contaminant source and physico-chemical mechanisms occurring during the transport. Comparative simulations were carried out with five target contaminants (Benzene, Benzo(a)pyrene, Vinyl Chloride, Trichloroethylene and Aldrin) with different decay’s coefficient, three types of soil (sand, loam and clay) and three different thicknesses of the contaminant source. The calculated concentration at a given depth in the soil for the same contamination scenario varied greatly among the models. A significant variability of the concentrations was shown due to the variation of contaminant and soil characteristics. As a general finding, the more advanced is the model, the lower the predicted concentrations; thus, models that are too simplified could lead to outcomes of some orders of magnitude greater than the advanced one.
Maria Grazia Stoppiello; Giusy Lofrano; Maurizio Carotenuto; Giacomo Viccione; Claudio Guarnaccia; Leonardo Cascini. A Comparative Assessment of Analytical Fate and Transport Models of Organic Contaminants in Unsaturated Soils. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2949 .
AMA StyleMaria Grazia Stoppiello, Giusy Lofrano, Maurizio Carotenuto, Giacomo Viccione, Claudio Guarnaccia, Leonardo Cascini. A Comparative Assessment of Analytical Fate and Transport Models of Organic Contaminants in Unsaturated Soils. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (7):2949.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Grazia Stoppiello; Giusy Lofrano; Maurizio Carotenuto; Giacomo Viccione; Claudio Guarnaccia; Leonardo Cascini. 2020. "A Comparative Assessment of Analytical Fate and Transport Models of Organic Contaminants in Unsaturated Soils." Sustainability 12, no. 7: 2949.
Levels of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and p-xylene) were determined in ambient air of an urban site located at the center of Mexico (Leon City in Guanajuato State) during two climatic seasons of 2018 (summer and autumn). Ethylbenzene (11.86 µg m−3) and toluene (11.85 µg m−3) showed the highest median concentrations during the study period. BTEX concentrations did not show a diurnal pattern but a seasonal trend was observed for benzene and toluene at a significant level of α = 0.05. Bi-variate and multivariate analysis showed significant positive correlations (at α = 0.05) among BTEX (excepting benzene), indicating common sources for toluene, ethylbenzene, and p-xylene and a different origin for benzene. A meteorological study was also conducted in order to determine the origin of air masses that could influence the BTEX concentrations in the study site. Finally, it was found that all BTEX species presented hazard quotient values (HQs)
Julia Griselda Cerón Bretón; Rosa María Cerón Bretón; Stephanie Martínez Morales; Jonathan D. W. Kahl; Claudio Guarnaccia; Reyna Del Carmen Lara Severino; Marcela Rangel Marrón; Evangelina Ramírez Lara; María De La Luz Espinosa Fuentes; Martha Patricia Uc Chi; Gerardo Licona Sánchez. Health Risk Assessment of the Levels of BTEX in Ambient Air of One Urban Site Located in Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico during Two Climatic Seasons. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 165 .
AMA StyleJulia Griselda Cerón Bretón, Rosa María Cerón Bretón, Stephanie Martínez Morales, Jonathan D. W. Kahl, Claudio Guarnaccia, Reyna Del Carmen Lara Severino, Marcela Rangel Marrón, Evangelina Ramírez Lara, María De La Luz Espinosa Fuentes, Martha Patricia Uc Chi, Gerardo Licona Sánchez. Health Risk Assessment of the Levels of BTEX in Ambient Air of One Urban Site Located in Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico during Two Climatic Seasons. Atmosphere. 2020; 11 (2):165.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulia Griselda Cerón Bretón; Rosa María Cerón Bretón; Stephanie Martínez Morales; Jonathan D. W. Kahl; Claudio Guarnaccia; Reyna Del Carmen Lara Severino; Marcela Rangel Marrón; Evangelina Ramírez Lara; María De La Luz Espinosa Fuentes; Martha Patricia Uc Chi; Gerardo Licona Sánchez. 2020. "Health Risk Assessment of the Levels of BTEX in Ambient Air of One Urban Site Located in Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico during Two Climatic Seasons." Atmosphere 11, no. 2: 165.
This paper explores the potential of using crowdsourcing tools, namely Google “Popular times” (GPT) as an alternative source of information to predict traffic-related impacts. Using linear regression models, we examined the relationships between GPT and traffic volumes, travel times, pollutant emissions and noise of different areas in different periods. Different data sets were collected: i) crowdsourcing information from Google Maps; ii) traffic dynamics with the use of a probe car equipped with a Global Navigation Satellite System data logger; and iii) traffic volumes. The emissions estimation was based on the Vehicle Specific Power methodology, while noise estimations were conducted with the use of “The Common Noise Assessment Methods in Europe” (CNOSSOS-EU) model. This study shows encouraging results, as it was possible to establish clear relationships between GPT and traffic and environmental performance.
Jorge M. Bandeira; Pavlos Tafidis; Eloísa Macedo; João Teixeira; Behnam Bahmankhah; Cláudio Guarnaccia; Margarida C. Coelho. Exploring the Potential of Web Based Information of Business Popularity for Supporting Sustainable Traffic Management. Transport and Telecommunication Journal 2020, 21, 47 -60.
AMA StyleJorge M. Bandeira, Pavlos Tafidis, Eloísa Macedo, João Teixeira, Behnam Bahmankhah, Cláudio Guarnaccia, Margarida C. Coelho. Exploring the Potential of Web Based Information of Business Popularity for Supporting Sustainable Traffic Management. Transport and Telecommunication Journal. 2020; 21 (1):47-60.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJorge M. Bandeira; Pavlos Tafidis; Eloísa Macedo; João Teixeira; Behnam Bahmankhah; Cláudio Guarnaccia; Margarida C. Coelho. 2020. "Exploring the Potential of Web Based Information of Business Popularity for Supporting Sustainable Traffic Management." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 21, no. 1: 47-60.
Road infrastructures represent a key point in the development of smart cities. In any case, the environmental impact of road traffic should be carefully assessed. Acoustic noise is one of the most important issues to be monitored by means of sound level measurements. When a large measurement campaign is not possible, road traffic noise predictive models (RTNMs) can be used. Standard RTNMs present in literature usually require in input several information about the traffic, such as flows of vehicles, percentage of heavy vehicles, average speed, etc. Many times, the lack of information about this large set of inputs is a limitation to the application of predictive models on a large scale. In this paper, a new methodology, easy to be implemented in a sensor concept, based on video processing and object detection tools, is proposed: the Equivalent Acoustic Level Estimator (EAgLE). The input parameters of EAgLE are detected analyzing video images of the area under study. Once the number of vehicles, the typology (light or heavy vehicle), and the speeds are recorded, the sound power level of each vehicle is computed, according to the EU recommended standard model (CNOSSOS-EU), and the Sound Exposure Level (SEL) of each transit is estimated at the receiver. Finally, summing up the contributions of all the vehicles, the continuous equivalent level, Leq, on a given time range can be assessed. A preliminary test of the EAgLE technique is proposed in this paper on two sample measurements performed in proximity of an Italian highway. The results will show excellent performances in terms of agreement with the measured Leq and comparing with other RTNMs. These satisfying results, once confirmed by a larger validation test, will open the way to the development of a dedicated sensor, embedding the EAgLE model, with possible interesting applications in smart cities and road infrastructures monitoring. These sites, in fact, are often equipped (or can be equipped) with a network of monitoring video cameras for safety purposes or for fining/tolling, that, once the model is properly calibrated and validated, can be turned in a large scale network of noise estimators.
Claudio Guarnaccia. EAgLE: Equivalent Acoustic Level Estimator Proposal. Sensors 2020, 20, 701 .
AMA StyleClaudio Guarnaccia. EAgLE: Equivalent Acoustic Level Estimator Proposal. Sensors. 2020; 20 (3):701.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClaudio Guarnaccia. 2020. "EAgLE: Equivalent Acoustic Level Estimator Proposal." Sensors 20, no. 3: 701.
The operational management of tanks for urban water distribution networks is usually a critical element due to the dynamic nature of the water demand and the age of the distribution networks themselves. Today, in a context of water resource scarcity, optimal management is a key point for the sustainable management of urban systems. For this purpose, it is useful to implement predictive tools, able to provide short-term forecasts to inform urban water managers on the most suitable procedure to be applied in the case of routine or critical events. A possible approach is to use autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models, which combine the autoregression and the moving average approaches, with the possibility to work on a differenced series of the data. They can further embed a seasonal- component (Seasonal ARIMA models), to account for possible periodic patterns in the observed data. In this study, the data of water levels measured from May 2018 to 10 January 2019 in a water storage tank in the area of Benevento, Campania region (Italy), were considered as a case study. The standard ARIMA techniques were applied to find the best model for this dataset, according to “Deviance Information Criterion” (DIC) and “Bayesian Information Criterion” (BIC) optimization. The results are discussed, shedding light on the behaviour of the time series with reference to the management of the infrastructure and the dataset. The residual analysis, carried out to check if the autocorrelation was still present and if the residuals were normally distributed, revealed a narrow distribution. Small values were found throughout the dataset, except for a few periods, corresponding to the imputed data. This application represents a preliminary step of more detailed research that will be carried out to detect the best model for forecasting tank levels for the case study to help to manage the urban water supply.
Claudio Guarnaccia; Antonia Longobardi; Simona Mancini; Giacomo Viccione. Drinking Water Tank Level Analysis with ARIMA Models: A Case Study. Environmental Sciences Proceedings 2020, 2, 33 .
AMA StyleClaudio Guarnaccia, Antonia Longobardi, Simona Mancini, Giacomo Viccione. Drinking Water Tank Level Analysis with ARIMA Models: A Case Study. Environmental Sciences Proceedings. 2020; 2 (1):33.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClaudio Guarnaccia; Antonia Longobardi; Simona Mancini; Giacomo Viccione. 2020. "Drinking Water Tank Level Analysis with ARIMA Models: A Case Study." Environmental Sciences Proceedings 2, no. 1: 33.
In this paper a statistical study on the time series of water levels measured, during 2014, in the water tank of Cesine, Avellino (Italy), is presented. In particular, the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) forecasting methodology is applied to model and forecast the daily water levels. This technique combines the autoregression and the moving average approaches, with the possibility to differentiate the data, to make the series stationary. In order to better describe the trend, over time, of the water levels in the reservoir, three ARIMA models are calibrated, validated and compared: ARIMA (2,0,2), ARIMA (3,1,3), ARIMA (6,1,6). After a preliminary statistical characterization of the series, the models' parameters are calibrated on the data related to the first 11 months of 2014, in order to keep the last month of data for validating the results. For each model, a graphical comparison with the observed data is presented, together with the calculation of the summary statistics of the residuals and of some error metrics. The results are discussed and some further possible applications are highlighted in the conclusions.
G. Viccione; Claudio Guarnaccia; S. Mancini; J. Quartieri. On the use of ARIMA models for short-term water tank levels forecasting. Water Supply 2019, 20, 787 -799.
AMA StyleG. Viccione, Claudio Guarnaccia, S. Mancini, J. Quartieri. On the use of ARIMA models for short-term water tank levels forecasting. Water Supply. 2019; 20 (3):787-799.
Chicago/Turabian StyleG. Viccione; Claudio Guarnaccia; S. Mancini; J. Quartieri. 2019. "On the use of ARIMA models for short-term water tank levels forecasting." Water Supply 20, no. 3: 787-799.
Modelling and simulation in acoustics is gathering more and more importance nowadays
Claudio Guarnaccia; Lamberto Tronchin; Massimo Viscardi. Special Issue on Modelling, Simulation and Data Analysis in Acoustical Problems. Applied Sciences 2019, 9, 5261 .
AMA StyleClaudio Guarnaccia, Lamberto Tronchin, Massimo Viscardi. Special Issue on Modelling, Simulation and Data Analysis in Acoustical Problems. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9 (23):5261.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClaudio Guarnaccia; Lamberto Tronchin; Massimo Viscardi. 2019. "Special Issue on Modelling, Simulation and Data Analysis in Acoustical Problems." Applied Sciences 9, no. 23: 5261.
Trace metal concentrations in PM10 were measured in an urban–industrial site in León, Mexico in three different seasons. PM10 were collected in quartz fiber filters of 47 mm diameter using low volume equipment operating with a controlled flow of 5 L min−1 over 24 h. Mass concentrations were gravimetrically determined and it was found that PM10 samples showed values in excess of the Mexican standard and the established values by WHO during cold dry and warm dry seasons. Morphology of selected particles was studied by SEM-EDS analysis, and the elemental composition was determined. Collected samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry in order to quantify ambient air concentrations of some trace metals (Cu, Co, Zn, Cd, Fe, Mg, and Mn). Median concentrations of trace metals showed the maximum value for iron (3.079 μgm−3) and the minimum value for Cd (0.050 μgm−3) over the entire period. From the meteorological analysis, it was found that sources located SW and ESE of the sampling site contributed to the levels of trace metals in PM10 in the studied site. The health risk assessment found that the population of León is at increased lifetime risk of experiencing cancer because of exposure to these concentrations of PM10 and their trace metal content.
Julia Griselda Cerón Bretón; Rosa María Cerón Bretón; Alberto Antonio Espinosa Guzman; Claudio Guarnaccia; Stephanie Martínez Morales; Reyna Del Carmen Lara Severino; Marcela Rangel Marrón; Guadalupe Hernández López; Simón Eduardo Carranco Lozada; Jonathan D.W. Kahl; Ildefonso Esteban Pech Pech; Evangelina Ramírez Lara; Maria De La Luz Espinosa Fuentes. Trace Metal Content and Health Risk Assessment of PM10 in an Urban Environment of León, Mexico. Atmosphere 2019, 10, 573 .
AMA StyleJulia Griselda Cerón Bretón, Rosa María Cerón Bretón, Alberto Antonio Espinosa Guzman, Claudio Guarnaccia, Stephanie Martínez Morales, Reyna Del Carmen Lara Severino, Marcela Rangel Marrón, Guadalupe Hernández López, Simón Eduardo Carranco Lozada, Jonathan D.W. Kahl, Ildefonso Esteban Pech Pech, Evangelina Ramírez Lara, Maria De La Luz Espinosa Fuentes. Trace Metal Content and Health Risk Assessment of PM10 in an Urban Environment of León, Mexico. Atmosphere. 2019; 10 (10):573.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulia Griselda Cerón Bretón; Rosa María Cerón Bretón; Alberto Antonio Espinosa Guzman; Claudio Guarnaccia; Stephanie Martínez Morales; Reyna Del Carmen Lara Severino; Marcela Rangel Marrón; Guadalupe Hernández López; Simón Eduardo Carranco Lozada; Jonathan D.W. Kahl; Ildefonso Esteban Pech Pech; Evangelina Ramírez Lara; Maria De La Luz Espinosa Fuentes. 2019. "Trace Metal Content and Health Risk Assessment of PM10 in an Urban Environment of León, Mexico." Atmosphere 10, no. 10: 573.
Urban water demand forecasting is a powerful supporting tool for specific water utility decision making problems. Among the others, ARIMA is one of the possible approaches to achieve an efficient short-term forecasting.
Claudio Guarnaccia; Carmine Tepedino; Giacomo Viccione; Joseph Quartieri. Short-Term Forecasting of Tank Water Levels Serving Urban Water Distribution Networks with ARIMA Models. Plant-Microbes-Engineered Nano-particles (PM-ENPs) Nexus in Agro-Ecosystems 2019, 25 -28.
AMA StyleClaudio Guarnaccia, Carmine Tepedino, Giacomo Viccione, Joseph Quartieri. Short-Term Forecasting of Tank Water Levels Serving Urban Water Distribution Networks with ARIMA Models. Plant-Microbes-Engineered Nano-particles (PM-ENPs) Nexus in Agro-Ecosystems. 2019; ():25-28.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClaudio Guarnaccia; Carmine Tepedino; Giacomo Viccione; Joseph Quartieri. 2019. "Short-Term Forecasting of Tank Water Levels Serving Urban Water Distribution Networks with ARIMA Models." Plant-Microbes-Engineered Nano-particles (PM-ENPs) Nexus in Agro-Ecosystems , no. : 25-28.
Road traffic poses negative externalities on society and represents a key challenge in sustainable transportation. However, the existing literature about the assessment of traffic externalities drawn on a common measure is scarce. This paper develops a sustainability indicator that integrates traffic-related externalities as means of traffic congestion, noise, greenhouse gases (GHG) and nitrogen oxides emissions, health impacts and road crash related costs, and adjusted to local contexts of vulnerability. Traffic, road crashes, acoustic and vehicle dynamic data were collected from one real-world intercity corridor pair comprising three alternative routes. The site-specific operations were characterized using a modeling platform of traffic, emissions, noise and air quality. A specific methodology is applied for each road traffic externality and translated in a single factor – external cost. The results indicated that road crashes presented the largest share in the partly rural/urban route while GHG emissions had the highest contribution in external costs for the highway routes. Also, the distribution of external cost component varied according to the type of road, mostly due to different levels of exposed inhabitants. This paper offers a line of research that produced a method for decision-makers with a reliable and flexible cost analysis aimed at reducing the negative impacts of road traffic. It also encourages the design of eco-traffic management policies considering the perspective of drivers, commuters and population.
P. Fernandes; M. Vilaça; E. Macedo; C. Sampaio; B. Bahmankhah; J.M. Bandeira; C. Guarnaccia; S. Rafael; H. Relvas; C. Borrego; M.C. Coelho. Integrating road traffic externalities through a sustainability indicator. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 691, 483 -498.
AMA StyleP. Fernandes, M. Vilaça, E. Macedo, C. Sampaio, B. Bahmankhah, J.M. Bandeira, C. Guarnaccia, S. Rafael, H. Relvas, C. Borrego, M.C. Coelho. Integrating road traffic externalities through a sustainability indicator. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 691 ():483-498.
Chicago/Turabian StyleP. Fernandes; M. Vilaça; E. Macedo; C. Sampaio; B. Bahmankhah; J.M. Bandeira; C. Guarnaccia; S. Rafael; H. Relvas; C. Borrego; M.C. Coelho. 2019. "Integrating road traffic externalities through a sustainability indicator." Science of The Total Environment 691, no. : 483-498.
Acoustic emissions have been widely used as a means to investigate the damage state of concrete structures. While successful applications have regarded the localisation of cracks, quantification of the damage and safety margin estimation have been elusive because the main approaches are mostly based on empirical observations. In this work, a methodology for the numerical simulation of acoustic emission events in reinforced concrete structures is proposed with the aim of filling this gap. It relies on a numerical model for reinforced concrete structures at the macro-scale which simulates the mechanical cyclic behaviour of the structure. Analysis of the stress and strain states in the numerical model provides the basis for the simulation of the occurrence and quantification of the events. A simple attenuation law is then used to estimate the acoustic event intensity recorded by the sensors. Application to a four-point bending test on a reinforced concrete beam confirms the capability of the model to reproduce the data recorded during the test, including the Felicity effect and the cumulative intensity curve. This could potentially open the path to a more quantitative use of acoustic emission data for structural assessment of reinforced concrete structures, directly linking mechanical models and acoustic observations.
Corrado Chisari; Claudio Guarnaccia; Gianvittorio Rizzano. Numerical simulation of acoustic emission activity in reinforced concrete structures by means of finite element modelling at the macroscale. Structural Health Monitoring 2019, 19, 537 -551.
AMA StyleCorrado Chisari, Claudio Guarnaccia, Gianvittorio Rizzano. Numerical simulation of acoustic emission activity in reinforced concrete structures by means of finite element modelling at the macroscale. Structural Health Monitoring. 2019; 19 (2):537-551.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCorrado Chisari; Claudio Guarnaccia; Gianvittorio Rizzano. 2019. "Numerical simulation of acoustic emission activity in reinforced concrete structures by means of finite element modelling at the macroscale." Structural Health Monitoring 19, no. 2: 537-551.
This paper presents a methodology for building a link-based eco-indicator which includes different impacts of road traffic. The proposed traffic management tool can be updated in real-time through multiple information sources and translated into a cost factor to be straightforwardly applied into eco-routing algorithms and/or intelligent road pricing systems. The link-based eco-indicator has been tested in several urban and rural links of heterogeneous characteristics during peak and off-peak hours. It has been shown that both dynamic adjustment factors related to online background concentrations and/or citizen’s activity may lead to different sustainable traffic management strategies. When evaluating and comparing costs of a single link-based eco-based indicator with National Average (without taking in account people exposure) and a Vulnerability Factor (VF), the total costs using VF increase 158%. In the origin-destination routing problem performed using the distance and travel time as criteria, the costs (for off-peak hours) using VF factor are 80% and 15% higher, respectively. The results achieved in this paper highlight the importance of taking into account vulnerability of people exposure when implementing eco traffic management measures.
Carlos Sampaio; Jorge M. Bandeira; Eloisa Macedo; Mariana Vilaça; Claudio Guarnaccia; Bernard Friedrich; Hélder Relvas; Sandra Rafael; Vera Rodrigues; Margarida C. Coelho. A Dynamic Link-based Eco-indicator for supporting equitable traffic management strategies. Transportation Research Procedia 2019, 37, 43 -50.
AMA StyleCarlos Sampaio, Jorge M. Bandeira, Eloisa Macedo, Mariana Vilaça, Claudio Guarnaccia, Bernard Friedrich, Hélder Relvas, Sandra Rafael, Vera Rodrigues, Margarida C. Coelho. A Dynamic Link-based Eco-indicator for supporting equitable traffic management strategies. Transportation Research Procedia. 2019; 37 ():43-50.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Sampaio; Jorge M. Bandeira; Eloisa Macedo; Mariana Vilaça; Claudio Guarnaccia; Bernard Friedrich; Hélder Relvas; Sandra Rafael; Vera Rodrigues; Margarida C. Coelho. 2019. "A Dynamic Link-based Eco-indicator for supporting equitable traffic management strategies." Transportation Research Procedia 37, no. : 43-50.
The Time Series Analysis (TSA) technique is largely used in economics and related field, to understand the slope of a given univariate dataset and to predict its future behaviour. The Seasonal AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) models are a class of TSA models that, based on the periodicity observed in the series, build a predictive function that can extend the forecast to a given number of future periods. In this paper, these techniques are applied to a dataset of equivalent sound levels, measured in an urban environment. The periodic pattern will evidence a strong influence of human activities (in particular road traffic) on the noise observed. All the three models will exploit the seasonality of the series and will be calibrated on a partial dataset of 800 data. Once the parameters of the models will be evaluated, all the forecasting functions will be tested and validated on a dataset not used before. The performances of all the models will be evaluated in terms of errors values and distributions, such as introducing some error indexes that explain the peculiar features of the models results.
Claudio Guarnaccia; Joseph Quartieri; Carmine Tepedino. Validation of Seasonal ARIMA Models on Road Traffic Noise Measurements. MATEC Web of Conferences 2018, 210, 05001 .
AMA StyleClaudio Guarnaccia, Joseph Quartieri, Carmine Tepedino. Validation of Seasonal ARIMA Models on Road Traffic Noise Measurements. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2018; 210 ():05001.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClaudio Guarnaccia; Joseph Quartieri; Carmine Tepedino. 2018. "Validation of Seasonal ARIMA Models on Road Traffic Noise Measurements." MATEC Web of Conferences 210, no. : 05001.
In this work the effect of two different musical pieces (called “Reminiscenza” and “Pioggia”) on the tyrosinase enzyme activity was investigated. The l-DOPA production by the enzymatic reaction was measured during the continuous playing of these musical pieces. Experiments were performed in the laboratories of the Institute of Membrane Technology (ITM) of the Italian National Council for Research (CNR). The results showed that a positive effect was exercised by the “Reminiscenza” piece, which determined an increase of the specific activity about of 30 % with respect to the value measured in the absence of sound. On the contrary, “Pioggia” piece had a detrimental effect on the enzymatic process. In particular, a time lag on the l-DOPA production, during the first minutes of the reaction, was detected. After this period, an increase of the reaction velocity occurred even if the enzyme activity was lower than the value obtained in the absence of music. These results show that the peculiar characteristics of a musical piece can exercise a positive or negative action on biological elements and open the way to further studies in this area.
Catia Algieri; Claudio Guarnaccia; Vincenzo Barone; Maria Raffaella Gullo; Laura Donato. Effects of music playing on biological molecules. MATEC Web of Conferences 2018, 210, 05006 .
AMA StyleCatia Algieri, Claudio Guarnaccia, Vincenzo Barone, Maria Raffaella Gullo, Laura Donato. Effects of music playing on biological molecules. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2018; 210 ():05006.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCatia Algieri; Claudio Guarnaccia; Vincenzo Barone; Maria Raffaella Gullo; Laura Donato. 2018. "Effects of music playing on biological molecules." MATEC Web of Conferences 210, no. : 05006.
In the acoustics of human voice, an important role is reserved for the study of larynx movements. One of the most important aspects of the physical behavior of the larynx is the proper description and simulation of swallowing and singing register changes, which require complex laryngeal manoeuvres. In order to describe (and solve, in some cases) these actions, it is fundamental to analyze the accurate synchronization of vocal fold adduction/abduction and the change of the larynx position. In the case of dysfunction, which often occurs for professional singers, this synchronization can be disturbed. The simultaneous assessment of glottal dynamics (typically electroglottograph, EGG signal) and larynx position might be useful for the diagnosis of disordered voice and swallowing. Currently, it is very difficult to instantaneously gather this information because of technology problems. In this work, we implemented a time-multiplex measurement approach of space-resolved transfer impedances through the larynx (Multi-Channel electroglottograph MC-EGG). For this purpose, we developed specific software (Labview code) for the visualization of the main waveforms in the study of the EGG signals. Moreover, the data acquired by the Labview code have been used to create a theoretical algorithm for deriving the position of the larynx inside the neck. Finally, we verified the results of the algorithm for the 3D larynx movement by comparing the data acquired with the values described in the literature. The paths of the larynx and the displacement on the sagittal and transverse plans matched the ones known for the emission of low/high notes and for swallowing. Besides, we have introduced the possibility to study the movement on the coronal (x) plan (so far, unexplored), which might be a starting point for further analysis.
Lamberto Tronchin; Malte Kob; Claudio Guarnaccia. Spatial Information on Voice Generation from a Multi-Channel Electroglottograph. Applied Sciences 2018, 8, 1560 .
AMA StyleLamberto Tronchin, Malte Kob, Claudio Guarnaccia. Spatial Information on Voice Generation from a Multi-Channel Electroglottograph. Applied Sciences. 2018; 8 (9):1560.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLamberto Tronchin; Malte Kob; Claudio Guarnaccia. 2018. "Spatial Information on Voice Generation from a Multi-Channel Electroglottograph." Applied Sciences 8, no. 9: 1560.