The thrust to find new technology and materials has been greatly increasing due to environmental and technological challenges in the progressive world. Among new standard materials and advanced nano-materials that possess a huge potential and superior thermal, mechanical, optical, and magnetic properties, which have made them excellent and suitable components for mechanical engineering applications. The current review paper deals with recent enhancements and advances in the properties of nano-structured glasses and composites in terms of thermal and mechanical properties. A fabrication method of nano-structured glass has briefly been discussed and the phase change material (PCM) method outlined. The comprehensive review of thermal and optical properties confirms that nano-fabricated glasses show both direct and indirect running of band gaps depending on selective nano-structuring samples. The electrical and magnetic properties also show enhancement in electrical conductivity on nano-structured glasses compared to their standard counterparts. The realistic changes in thermal and mechanical properties of nano-structured glasses and composites are commonly attributed to many micro- and nano-structural distribution features like grain size, shape, pores, other flaws and defects, surface condition, impurity level, stress, duration of temperature effect on the selective samples. Literature reports that nano-structuring materials lead to enhanced phonon boundary scattering which reduces thermal conductivity and energy consumption.

Thermal comfort has always been an essential factor that affects students’ productivity and success. Students spend considerable time at their schools or universities more than any other building type except their homes. Thus, indicating the importance of providing thermal comfort in educational buildings. Many studies worldwide are conducted to assess and optimize thermal comfort inside classrooms. However, the results have not been accurate even for similar study conditions due to the differences in the studies’ conditions. This paper focuses on thermal comfort studies in educational buildings (classrooms). The studies are divided into two sections, the first covering field studies methodologies, objective, and subjective questionnaires, and the second reviewing thermal comfort results based on the climatic zone, educational level, and analysis approach. It is recommended that thermal comfort studies be carried out using rational and adaptive models as they provide more accurate, reliable results. Also, it is found that thermal comfort standards are generally inadequate to assess thermal comfort in classrooms. Thus, other international standards should be created and considered for classroom assessment. Over the past few years, the combination between nanotechnology and architecture engineering has been widely used in several disciplines because of its crucial significance in finding new nanodevices to contribute in reducing of energy consumption, particularly on construction materials. Filling functionalized tools with nanoparticles plays a critical role in improving the thermal and optical properties, particularly with respect to nanofluids applications, i.e., buildings applications of thermal comfort. The experimental results of long-term studies show that the calculation values of optimization have a consistent agreement with the experimental transmission of nanofluids models.