A successful guaranteed launch of a mainline diesel locomotive is one of the most important and urgent problems of the rolling stock operation. Improvement of the start-up system of the main diesel locomotive when using a supercapacitor allows multiple restarts of diesel locomotives, meaning that the operation of the diesel locomotive can be stopped several times without wasting fuel in idle operations. In this study, we simulated the electric starting circuit of a diesel locomotive with a block of supercapacitors using the Matlab Simulink program. The simulation results show that using only a supercapacitor in the start-up system is impossible. Even though the supercapacitor produces the required current and voltage, its operating time is extremely insufficient. Using a storage battery along with a supercapacitor in the diesel locomotive start-up system is most effective. This reduces the peak current load on the standard battery. The article suggests an effective principle for starting a mainline diesel locomotive and provides an effective circuit solution involving a supercapacitor. Based on the booster stabilizer scheme, a new scheme was modeled to study the successful launch of a diesel locomotive that has various start-up systems. Applying a supercapacitor in the start-up system of a main diesel locomotive is proposed and the results of its use are presented. In addition, this study defines the basic requirements for using a system based on a battery in conjunction with a supercapacitor. Characteristics such as the temperature range of the system are shown.

First of all, the smelting equipment is the most important component of a foundry’s main production process and therefore requires constant reproduction. This is ensured by timely and high-quality maintenance and repair, the cost of which is 8–12% of the total costs. The technical and economic conditions of the enterprise itself depend on this, as the productivity of workers during production is directly related to the technical condition of the equipment and its downtime for repairs. An important factor in ensuring a melting furnace’s reproduction is a replacement of the worn lining, which leads to downtime of the smelting furnace and reduces the efficiency of its operation. The amount of torque required depends directly on the compound used. The quality of the manufacturing and sintering process of the lining, which provides the necessary durability, is affected by the heat capacity of the materials used when they are affected by the melting temperature of the alloys. In the present work, using the BRUKER D8 ADVANCE diffractometer, the Shimadzu XRF-1800 spectrometer and the STA 449 F1 Jupiter synchronous thermal analyzer, we probed the changes in the heat capacity of quartzite and PKMVI-3 under the action of temperatures of 200–1550 °C. This technology allows the manufacture of a lining that maintains high stability during operations at 1550–1600 °C melting modes.

The purpose of the foundry is to provide the consumer with blanks for general machine-building (special) purposes which are as close as possible to the size of the future part in full compliance with the requirements. The competitiveness of these products is primarily dependent on the use of efficient and reliable smelting equipment which meets the necessary cost. The replacement of high-value ironworks and ironworks iron with steel scrap using induction melting furnaces (ICFs) reduces the cost of producing synthetic cast iron. However, this results in temperatures greater than 1500 °C, reduced lining stability and increased downtime of the smelter. As a result of the research carried out, a technology for the use of quartzite is proposed. Thereby, the purpose of this work is to establish temperature regimes for the smelting of synthetic pig iron, allowing the use in metal filling up to 70–90% of steel scrap; this leads to a reduction in the cost of purchasing bulk materials (depending on the brand of cast iron) up to 50% and, thus, increases the efficiency of synthetic cast iron smelting and castings production in general. After removal of the original moisture and the subsequent sintering of the manufactured lining, it provides the possibility of melting using the melting temperatures 1550–1600 °C. It increases the efficiency of the operation of the melting furnaces and eliminates the consumption of the ironworks and the melting of the cast iron in the blast furnace, as well as the cost of the lost alloy. As a result, metallurgical production will be able to reduce the volume of production and supply of cast iron for ironworks, which will improve their environmental situation during the production and processing of necessary raw materials.

At present, quartzite is widely used across many industries. The properties of quartzite significantly affect the technology used during the preparation of the raw materials as well as the technology used for manufacturing the final product, which may be intended for further operation at different temperatures. The purpose of the study was to create a scheme for the transformation of quartzite that would describe the changes in the parameters of its lattice parameter upon heating and would offer guidance regarding the drying technology and technology required to obtain tridymite. A Bruker D8 Advance diffractometer was used to study changes in the phase composition of quartzite at the temperatures of 200, 400, 600, 879, 1000, 1200, 1470, and 1550 °C. A detailed scheme of transformations of PKMVI-1 quartzite with a SiO₂ content of at least 97.5% at normal pressure was proposed for crystalline modifications formed during its heating. As a result of this research, the changes in the parameters of the lattice parameter—such as the average interplanar distance d_avg, the volume of the unit cell V_avg, the density of the unit cell D_avg, and the molecular weight M_avg—were established.

The Multi-Objective Optimization of Complex Objects Neural Network Models