This project explores EasyOCR’s performance with Latin characters under image degradation. Variables like character-background intensity difference, Gaussian blur, and relative character size were tested. EasyOCR excels in distinguishing unique lowercase and uppercase characters but tends to favor uppercase for similar shapes like C, S, U, or Z. Results showed that high character-background intensity differences affected OCR output, with confidence scores ranging from 3 % to 80%. Higher differences caused confusion between characters like o and 0, or i and 1. Increased Gaussian blur hindered recognition but improved it for certain letters like v. Image size had a significant impact, with character detection failing as sizes decreased to 40% to 30% of the original. These findings provide insights into EasyOCR’s capabilities and limitations with Latin characters under image degradation.

Telehealth is a term used widely nowadays in conjunction with better ICT growth in the healthcare delivery. It integrates the used of telecommunication and information systems as well as multimedia technologies to promote healthcare delivery and create health plan for the individual. The Malaysia's Telemedicine Blueprint 1997 was an initiative by the Malaysian government to employ the use of telehealth in the country healthcare system. There are 4 main components in the blueprint which later restructured into 7 components in 2000. However, experienced gained during the years of implementation shows that integration of the system is important to ensure the survival of the project with latest technologies. The integration with Integrated Health Enterprise (IHE) in 2007 once again reorganized the telehealth structure in 5 major components namely Lifetime Health Record (LHR) & Services, Lifetime Health Plan (LHP), Health Online, Teleconsultation (TC) and Continuing Professional Development (CPD).

Fetal acidosis is one of the main concerns during labor. Currently, fetal blood sampling (FBS) has become the most accurate measurement of acidosis detection. However, it is invasive and does not provide a real time measurement due to laboratory procedures. Delays in diagnosis of acidosis have caused serious injury to the fetus, especially for the brain and the heart. This paper reviews the new technique in diagnosis of acidosis non-invasively. Magnetic Induction Spectroscopy (MIS) has been proposed to be a new device for acidosis detection in recent years. This paper explains the basic principle of MIS and outlines the design specifications and design considerations for a MIS pH probe. It is expected that readers will gain a basic understanding of the development of a MIS pH probe from this review.

Osteogenesis Imperfect (OI) is a genetic disease which affects the bones and causes lifelong illness. Often this disease leads to repeatable fracture without early awareness. Thus, identify the variation of loading direction on the femoral head might help in the early prediction of bone fracture in OI. This study aims to investigate the fracture risk in OI bone during stance configuration on the variation of loading direction on the femoral head through finite element analysis. Ten finite element models with different level of severity bowing angles were developed. The variation of force direction in sagittal and frontal view consisted of 12 boundary condition were applied directly to the femoral head. Force direction in femoral head influences the fracture risk in OI bone. The least severe bowing angle needed the highest fracture load and vice versa. Early prediction of fracture risk in OI allow for a better medical care.