—Samples of arrays of nanowires are produced from iron, iron–cobalt and iron–nickel alloys via matrix synthesis based on polymer track membranes with pore diameters ranging from 30 to 300 nm....

Nanowires have been formed from FeNi and FeCo alloys by the template synthesis method based on galvanic filling of pores of track membranes. A change in the nanowire elemental composition with a change in the electrolyte composition and with a change in the deposition potential has been studied. FeNi nanowires exhibit the effect of anomalous Fe codeposition: the iron content in the nanowires is much higher than that in the electrolyte. The difference increases with an increase in the initial concentration and with a decrease in the growth potential. It has also been found that the iron concentration increases in nanowire vertices. For FeCo nanowires, their composition corresponds to the electrolyte composition and changes only slightly with a change in the potential. An analysis of the X-ray diffraction data has determined the character of change in the spectra under varying growth conditions. The X-ray spectra of FeNi are found to depend on the growth potential (the intensity of phase peaks changes). Mössbauer measurements have revealed spontaneous magnetization for all samples of arrays of nanowires along their axes. The dependence of hyperfine magnetic field strength B_hf at ⁵⁷Fe nuclei on the composition of nanowires of Fe_xCo_{1 – x} and Fe_xNi_{1 – x} solid solutions is obtained for the first time. It is found that the B_hf value decreases with an increase in the electrodeposition rate (or with an increase in deposition potential U).

Features of the matrix synthesis are studied for nanowires made from FeNi and FeCo alloys. The composition of FeNi nanowires is shown to depend on the appl

The tribological and mechanical properties of Al–Cu–Si–Sn–Pb alloys are studied. The effect of different alloying elements on the structure of their surface and its tribological properties is estimated. The alloys are studied at different stages of their production, i.e., after casting and homogenizing annealing. The character of surface transformations under friction simulated on fiction machines is investigated. The surface is visualized by means of optical and scanning probe microscopy and scanning electron microscopy combined with elemental analysis. Great amounts of oxygen leading to the formation of oxide particles with abrasive properties are revealed on the contact surfaces. The mass transfer of chemical elements also occurs in the contact area: the material of an insert “spreads” over the shaft to form a film of secondary structures. At small thicknesses, this film serves as a solid lubricant, but might promote the formation of scoring during the development of microrelief. The application of two hardness measurement methods, such as “microindentation” and “nanoindentation”, give mutually complementary results. The highest mechanical properties (hardness, up to 0.5 GPa) are established to be attained in silicon- and copper-containing alloys. Homogenizing annealing at 400°C is also revealed to decrease the hardness, but improve the plasticity, which is important for antifriction materials.

The processes of formation of one-dimensional nanostructures by the method of matrix synthesis was studied in this work. Nanowires (NWs) from magnetic metals of iron-group and copper (3-d metals) were synthesized in the pores of matrix-track membranes by galvanic deposition. NWs with both homogeneous elemental distribution (alloys) and with periodically alternating parts with different composition (layers) were obtained in matrices with different pore diameters and under different parameters of the galvanic process. The transport of ions, which determined the growth of wires, in pores of different sizes was analyzed. The influence of the size of pore channels on the features of NWs growth, the correlation between the elemental composition of the NWs and the growth electrolyte, as well as the influence of the growth conditions (voltage and pore diameter) were investigated. Approaches to formation of thin layers in layered NWs were studied. This included the choice of methods for controlling the pulse duration, slowing down the growth rate by the dilution of the solution, the use of additives and the work with reference electrode. The study of NWs was carried out using visualization and analysis of their structure using transmission and scanning electron microscopy, electron diffraction, energy dispersive analysis, and elemental mapping. For the studied types of samples, a relationship was established between the growth conditions and the structure. This data raises the possibility of varying the magnetic properties of NWs.