Recently, a new fluorescent probe AE-Phoswas reported to detect the activity of alkaline phosphatases (ALP) in different living cell lines. Here, we present an in-depth computational analysis of the mechanism and source of the fluorescence of the AE-Phos probe. There is an intermediate product (AE-OH-Phos) in the experiment as well as a different configuration of products that may emit fluorescence. It is essential to investigate the origin of fluorescence and the detection mechanism of the probe, which could help us eliminate the interference of other substances (including an intermediate product and possible isomers) on fluorescence during the experiment. According to the change of geometric parameters and Infrared spectra, we deduce that the dual intramolecular hydrogen bonds of salicylaldehyde azine (SA) were enhanced at the excited state, while AE-OH-Phos was attenuated. Considering the complex ESIPT behavior of the dual proton-type probe, the potential energy surfaces were further discussed. It can be concluded that the single proton transfer structure of SA (SA-SPT) is the most stable form. Both the concerted double proton transfer process and stepwise single proton transfer process of SA were forbidden. The fluorescence for SA was 438 nm, while that of SA-SPT was 521 nm, which agrees with the experimentally measured fluorescence wavelength (536 nm). The conclusion that single proton transfer occurs in SA is once again verified. In addition, the distribution of electron-hole and relative index was analyzed to investigate the intrinsic mechanism for the fluorescence quenching of the probe and the intermediate product. The identification of the origin of fluorescence sheds light on the design and use of dual-proton type fluorescent probes in the future.

In addition to filtering some sediments, hydrophobic wood sponges can also absorb many organic solvents, particularly crude oil. The leakage of crude oil poses a serious threat to the marine ecosystem, and oil mixed with water also generates great danger for its use. From the perspective of low cost and high performance, wood sponges exhibit great potential for dealing with crude oil pollution. Wood sponge is a renewable material. With a highly oriented layered structure and a highly compressible three-dimensional porous frame, wood sponges are extremely hydrophobic, making them ideal for oil–water separation. Currently, the most common approach for creating wood sponge is to first destroy the wood cell wall to obtain a porous-oriented layered structure and then enhance the oil–water separation ability via superhydrophobic treatment. Wood sponge prepared using various experimental methods and different natural woods exhibits distinctive properties in regards to robustness, compressibility, fatigue resistance, and oil absorption ability. As an aerogel material, wood sponge offers multi-action (absorption, filtration) and reusable oil–water separation functions. This paper introduces the advantages of the use of wood sponge for oil–water separation. The physical and chemical properties of wood sponge and its mechanism of adsorbing crude oil are explained. The synthesis method and the properties are discussed. Finally, the use of wood sponge is summarized and prospected.

To reveal the influence of different substituents on the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process and photophysical properties of 4′-N, N-dimethylamino-3-hydroxyflavone (DMA3HF), two novel molecules (DMA3HF-CN and DMA3HF-NH₂) were designed by introducing the classical electron-withdrawing group cyano (-CN) and electron-donating group amino (-NH₂). The three molecules in the acetonitrile phase were systematically researched by applying the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) methods. The excited-state hydrogen bond enhancement mechanism was confirmed, and the hydrogen bond intensity followed the decreasing order of DMA3HF-NH₂ > DMA3HF > DMA3HF-CN, which can be explained at the electronic level by natural bond orbital, fuzzy bond order, and frontier molecular orbital analyses. Moreover, we found from the electronic spectra that the fluorescence intensity of the three molecules in keto form is relatively strong. Moreover, the calculated absorption properties indicated that introducing the electron-withdrawing group -CN could significantly improve the absorption of DMA3HF in the ultraviolet band. In summary, the introduction of an electron-donating group -NH₂ can promote the ESIPT reaction of DMA3HF, without changing the photophysical properties, while introducing the electron-withdrawing group -CN can greatly improve the absorption of DMA3HF in the ultraviolet band, but hinders the occurrence of the ESIPT reaction.

Transparent films with excellent antibacterial properties and strong mechanical properties are highly sought after in packaging applications. In this study, Ag/SiO₂ nanoparticles were introduced into a mixed solution of chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and a Ag/SiO₂-CS-PVA transparent film was developed. The excellent properties of the film were confirmed by light transmittance, water contact angle tests and tensile tests. In addition, for the antibacterial test, the antibacterial properties of the sample against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) were explored, and the average size of the bacteriostatic circle was measured by the cross method. The final results show that Ag/SiO₂-CS-PVA transparent film has the advantages of good antibacterial properties, high transparency and high mechanical strength.

The implementation of waste-sorting policy is conducive to improving residents’ working and living environments, and has positive implications for promoting green development and building in China. As one of the main factors in the implementation of waste-sorting policy, residents’ awareness of and behavior regarding waste sorting and disposal affects its promotion, while policies, incentives and infrastructure will affect residents’ enthusiasm for implementing waste sorting. Taking Maanshan City in Anhui Province as a case study, this paper discusses the current state of progress towards ecological civilization in China; the influence of policy promotion on residents’ perception of it; the correlation between residents’ age and their understanding of waste classification; and the correlation between residents’ enthusiasm, policies and green infrastructure; and puts forward some suggestions for how to enhance green infrastructure and improve residents’ perceptions of waste classification in the future.

With the advancement of new food processing technology, triploid technology has emerged as a viable option to enhance plant yield and improve crop stress resistance. However, like many emerging technologies, food produced using triploid technology has sparked controversy regarding its safety since its inception. Particularly, consumers generally have a limited understanding of new technologies employed in food production, leading to concerns about potential risks and uncertainties associated with these technologies. Such concerns can significantly impact consumers’ acceptance and purchasing intentions toward foods modified using new technologies. This study collected 375 questionnaires from both online and offline sources and conducted a detailed analysis of consumers’ demographic variables, fear degree regarding triploid food, social trust, and concerns about food safety. SPSS and AMOS software were utilized for reliability and validity analysis, variance analysis, multiple comparisons, and confirmatory factor analysis. A structural equation model was developed to comprehensively examine consumers’ risk perception of triploid food and its influencing factors. The results indicate that consumers’ risk perception of triploid food is influenced by various factors. Notably, significant differences were found in consumers’ risk perception of triploid food based on age, educational background, residency, and employment status. Additionally, this study identified a negative correlation between consumers’ risk perception of triploid food and their levels of fear and social trust. Conversely, a positive correlation was observed between risk perception and the degree of attention given to food safety.