In order to study the impact of food safety concerns and government regulation on Chinese urban residents’ organic food consumption willingness and behavior, an “online + offline” survey of 799 urban residents in Beijing has been conducted. Based on the theory of planned behavior, a structural equation model (SEM) was established and the government’s food production support regulation (GP) and sales guarantee regulation (GC) were incorporated separately into the SEM as moderator variables. The path influence coefficients of respondents’ food safety concerns, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on organic food consumption willingness were 0.065 (p < 0.05), 0.174 (p < 0.01) and 0.574 (p < 0.01), respectively. The influence of GP on organic food consumption willingness was 0.243 (p < 0.01), but its moderating effect on the promotion effect of food safety concerns and attitude to organic food consumption willingness was −0.001 (p < 0.01). The moderating effect of GC on the transformation from consumption willingness to behavior was 0.083 (p < 0.05). The results show that respondents attach the most importance to the comparison of costs and the benefits of organic food. Although the government’s food production regulation will weaken the driving effect of food safety concern and benefit perception of organic food consumption willingness, it will still promote organic food consumption willingness on the whole. The government’s supervision of food processing and sales is conducive to the occurrence of organic food consumption behavior.

Currently, the quality and safety of agricultural products and the enhancement of the agroecological environment are widely discussed. In response to solving the problem of insufficient exploitation of the market potential regarding sustainable agricultural products, this study uses rice on e-commerce platforms as an empirical case and constructs a hedonic price model aiming to explore the impact of the sustainable label on the price premium of agricultural products. The results show that: (1) There is a significant price premium for rice with sustainable labeling over ordinary rice, which is about 47.55%. In addition, within the types of sustainable labels, the price premium for rice with an organic food label is higher than that of rice with a green food label. (2) Except for the sustainable label, factors affecting the price premium of rice products include e-commerce platforms, rice varieties, package types, and whether it is imported. The price premium indicates the actual recognition and preference of consumers for agricultural products with the sustainable label. Departments of agricultural and food management departments should cooperate to improve the agricultural certification system (i.e., the sustainable label), further unblock a positive market mechanism of “green label—high quality—good price”, and facilitate the green transformation of China’s agricultural production from the consumer side.

Consumption of aquatic products in China continues to grow and encourages the expansion of aquaculture farms. The examination of factors influencing expenditures on all aquatic products, freshwater fish, squid/octopus, and shellfish uses survey data collected from residents of Shanghai, China. The use of the Tobit modeling approach identified socio-demographic variables such as income, aquatic product safety perceptions, and preferences for quality as significant determinants of expenditures on aquatic product categories. Expenditures tend to increase with age, but the effect of education varies with regard to specific categories, suggesting distinct choices of educated consumers. Wives tend to spend substantially less on aquatic products than husbands. Knowledge of past sickness due to ingestion of aquatic products causes expenditures to drop in all categories, while quality certification, certified organic origin, and certified aquaculture products increase expenditure in selected categories. Monitoring consumer socio-demographic profiles and establishing transparent quality certification systems will benefit aquaculture farms and aquatic product marketers.

Using organic fertilizer to replace chemical fertilizer is an effective way to promote sustainable agricultural development. Based on survey data of 514 farmers from five provinces and cities in the Bohai Rim region of China, collected in 2019, organic fertilizer substitution’s effects on farmers’ technical efficiency were analyzed. The PSM method is used to solve the problem of farmers’ self-selection. Considering the causal relationship between the substitution behavior of organic fertilizer and farmers’ technical efficiency, the IV-Tobit model, 2SLS, and ML estimation methods are used to solve the endogenous problem. The study found that: (1) quality and safety awareness, part-time employment level, participation in insurance, and training significantly promote using organic fertilizers to replace chemical fertilizers; (2) the technical efficiency of farmers who use organic fertilizer to substitute the chemical fertilizers is 0.625, 9.46% higher than their counterparts; and (3) the promotion effect of organic fertilizer substitution on technical efficiency has heterogeneity, which has a significant role among small-scale farmer households with fewer and low-educated family laborers. Regarding the policy implications, it is necessary to strengthen agricultural subsidies by improving the accuracy of policy formulation and implementation, fully considering the heterogeneity of farmers for implementation.

Objective: To determine the impact of storage on bacterial growth and immunological activity of pasteurized human milk and leftover pasteurized human milk that has been exposed to the microflora in an infant's mouth. Materials and Methods: Eighteen mother-infant dyads participated in two separate studies. Mother's milk was pasteurized, and each baby was fed 1 to 2 ounces. Pasteurized and leftover pasteurized milk were stored at room (24°C) and refrigerated temperatures (4°C). After storage, milk was analyzed for bacteria, total protein, lysozyme activity, and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) activity. Results: In pasteurized and leftover pasteurized milk stored in the refrigerator for 7 days, total aerobic bacteria do not increase significantly and total protein and bioactive proteins are stable. At room temperature, there is a significant increase in total aerobic bacteria in leftover pasteurized milk during 12 hours of storage (p < 0.01) and a significant decrease in total protein and SIgA activity in pasteurized milk during 12 hours of storage (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively). Conclusions: When stored in the refrigerator, pasteurized and leftover pasteurized milk may be stored for at least 7 days when considering the variables studied. Caution should be used when storing pasteurized and leftover pasteurized milk at room temperature to prevent an increase in bacterial growth and a decrease in total protein and SIgA activity.

This study models the frequency use of wood, charcoal, liquid gas, electricity, and kerosene in urban households in Ghana and supplements the literature on cooking fuel choices. The modeling is based on survey data collected in several major Ghanaian cities. Survey results indicate that charcoal and liquid gas are frequently used in meal preparation, while the frequency use of firewood, kerosene, and electricity is limited. Frequency use is estimated using the ordered probit technique. Five cooking fuel use equations identify income, socio-demographic characteristics, and location of urban residents as influencing the frequency use. Statistically significant effects measure probability changes in each of the four fuel categories. Income and education increase the probability of often or very often of using liquid gas or electricity to cook. The effect of being employed by the government is similar but less consistent. Age, household size, and marital status are linked to frequency use, but differently affect specific fuels. As the number of children or adults increases in a household, so does the probability of using firewood or charcoal, but this also increases the probability that such households never use liquid gas or electricity for cooking. Regional differences indicate Tamale residents heavily rely on wood and charcoal, and infrequently use liquid gas or electricity. Multiple cooking fuel use behavior may reflect risk aversion to fuel shortages. Increasing incomes and improving education will drive the probability of an increased use of cleaner cooking fuels and decreased use of fuel mixes, benefiting meal preparers’ health and the environment.