In order to study the impact of food safety concerns and government regulation on Chinese urban residents’ organic food consumption willingness and behavior, an “online + offline” survey of 799 urban residents in Beijing has been conducted. Based on the theory of planned behavior, a structural equation model (SEM) was established and the government’s food production support regulation (GP) and sales guarantee regulation (GC) were incorporated separately into the SEM as moderator variables. The path influence coefficients of respondents’ food safety concerns, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on organic food consumption willingness were 0.065 (p < 0.05), 0.174 (p < 0.01) and 0.574 (p < 0.01), respectively. The influence of GP on organic food consumption willingness was 0.243 (p < 0.01), but its moderating effect on the promotion effect of food safety concerns and attitude to organic food consumption willingness was −0.001 (p < 0.01). The moderating effect of GC on the transformation from consumption willingness to behavior was 0.083 (p < 0.05). The results show that respondents attach the most importance to the comparison of costs and the benefits of organic food. Although the government’s food production regulation will weaken the driving effect of food safety concern and benefit perception of organic food consumption willingness, it will still promote organic food consumption willingness on the whole. The government’s supervision of food processing and sales is conducive to the occurrence of organic food consumption behavior.

This study examines whether China’s local governments adjust land supply strategies in response to the central government’s “carbon peak” commitment under the Paris Agreement. Using a fuzzy regression discontinuity design around the agreement’s enforcement date (4 November 2016), we analyze land transactions from March 2016 to March 2017. Within a 20-day bandwidth after enforcement, the total area and floor area ratio of newly supplied parcels declined significantly by 20% and 17%–20%, respectively. Meanwhile, the income from supplied parcels increased by 2.1%. The effects vary by land use and industry: The land supply area of highly polluting industries decreased by 4.9 ha per parcel, suggesting intentional restrictions on high-emission enterprises; in contrast, rising revenues from residential land sales indicated efforts to bolster fiscal resources; no significant adjustment was observed for high-tech industries, pointing to short-term fiscal focus. Local governments tend to pursue dual objectives: constraining carbon-intensive development through tighter land supply while compensating fiscal needs through residential land markets. One key policy implication is that the achievement of long-term carbon targets requires fiscal balancing support and additional industrial restructuring policy beyond land supply instruments.