In this work, graphene was used as a filler for banyan aerial root fibers reinforced epoxy composites at various compositions. The synergetic effect of graphene and banyan fibers, on the physical and mechanical characteristics of the epoxy thermoset, was studied. The mechanical tests, hardness, water absorption behavior and morphology of the composites were studied. Significant improvement in tensile strength, flexural strength, shore D hardness and substantial reduction in the percentage of water absorption was observed. This paper also discusses the ideal proportion of banyan fibers with graphene powder for the development of the improved epoxy composites. The optimum concentration of the composites was observed at 4% of graphene powder in the 40% banyan fiber-reinforced hybrid epoxy composites. From the results, it is proved that graphene combined with 40% banyan fiber-reinforced epoxy hybrid composites will efficiently improve the strength of the composites.

Automation and robotics are revolutionizing hydroponic and aquaponic farming techniques and also enhancing their efficiency, sustainability, and scalability within the Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA). This review explores the integration of key technologies, such as automated nutrient and pH management systems, advanced lighting solutions, and IoT-enabled smart farming practices. These innovations significantly boost productivity, optimize resource utilization, and reduce labor dependency, although with challenges like high initial capital investment, technical complexity, and energy demands. The paper examines case studies showcasing improvements in yield and resource efficiency while addressing scalability and energy limitations. Emerging technologies, including AI-driven analytics and off-grid power solutions, are identified as promising avenues to overcome these hurdles. By presenting actionable insights and emphasizing the importance of energy-efficient equipment and sustainable practices, this review underscores the potential of automation and robotics to transform hydroponic and aquaponic systems. Ultimately, this work supports global food security, environmental conservation, and the advancement of circular economy principles. Clinical Trial This research does not involve clinical trials.