Objective: The current study aimed to delineate the relationship between furin and chronic inflammation while cervical intraepithelial neoplasia progresses to cancer. Study Design: This cross-sectional study included 81 women who required colposcopic examinations. The study groups were formed based on pathological results: Group I included women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I (n = 30); Group II included women with CIN II-III (n = 28); and Group III included women with cervical cancer (CC) (n = 23). Furin, ki-67, and p16 levels were evaluated based on immunostaining intensity. The inflammatory indices were calculated in parallel with the literature from routine blood samples retrieved within one week before the procedure. Results: Furin expression gradually increased from CIN I to CIN II-III and from CIN II-III to CC, respectively (p < 0.001, p = 0.005). NLR, MLR, PLR, and SII were significantly higher in the CC group (p < 0.001). ROC curve analysis unveiled that NLR, MLR, PLR, and SII predicted the presence of CC with a cutoff value of 2.39 for NLR (sensitivity: 91.3%, specificity: 63.8%, AUROC: 0.79, p < 0.001); a cutoff value of 0.27 for MLR (sensitivity: 78.3%, specificity: 72.4%, AUROC: 0.77, p = 0.009); a cutoff value of 123 for PLR (sensitivity: 100%, specificity: 41.4%, AUROC: 0.70, p = 0.04); and a cutoff value of 747 for SII (sensitivity: 69.6%, specificity: 90.7%, AUROC: 0.71, p = 0.014). Conclusion: Furin expression increased gradually in parallel with the severity of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. The inflammatory indices were higher in the presence of CC and denoted a good discrimination ability for predicting cervical cancer.

Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) is a variant of leiomyoma characterised by intravascular proliferation and originates from the uterine mesoderm. The main pathogenesis of IVL has not been exactly a...

Background: Accurate and timely diagnosis of endometrial cancer is crucial for guiding effective treatment and improving patient survival. Endometrial cancer diagnosis, staging, metastasis detection, and treatment planning utilize endometrial biopsy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) scanning as crucial diagnostic modalities. Aggressive subtypes such as serous, mixed cell, clear cell, and grade 3 endometrioid carcinomas present considerable diagnostic and therapeutic obstacles given their unfavorable prognosis, underscoring the importance of accurate preoperative evaluation. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using data from seventy patients diagnosed with serous, mixed cell, clear cell, or grade 3 endometrioid endometrial cancer, who received surgical treatment from 2020 to 2023. To assess the diagnostic capabilities of each modality in determining final pathology and disease staging, a comparison was performed using results from preoperative endometrial biopsy, MRI, PET/CT, and postoperative histopathology. Cohen’s kappa coefficient was employed to determine the level of agreement observed between pre- and postoperative results. Results: Endometrial biopsy demonstrated moderate yet statistically significant concordance with definitive histopathological diagnoses (κ = 0.537, p < 0.001); however, diagnostic errors were observed, especially in instances of mixed and clear cell carcinomas. MRI demonstrated efficacy in identifying local tumor invasion, yet its capacity to detect distant metastases was demonstrably limited. PET/CT was most effective in identifying distant metastases and omental involvement in advanced-stage disease. Conclusions: Definitive pathological diagnosis and staging of endometrial carcinoma are effectively established using endometrial biopsy and MRI. The utility of PET/CT is particularly pronounced in identifying distant metastases in patients with serous carcinoma and advanced-stage disease. Integrating biopsy, MRI, and PET/CT into a multimodal diagnostic strategy enhances diagnostic accuracy and enables personalized treatment planning, particularly for aggressive tumor subtypes.

(2018). Benign metastasising leiomyoma with lymph node metastases in a patient with endometrial cancer after caesarean section. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Ahead of Print.

Recent scientific findings suggest that persistent, minimal quantity exposure to heavy metals combinations can instigate negative reactions across various cell types, tissues, and organs. However, the interplay between heavy metals present in blood and cancerous cells remains largely unclear. We aimed to examine the capability of a Pb, Cd, and Co at very low concentrations blend to trigger multidrug resistance against chemotherapeutic remedies such as cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and doxorubicin in the NIH-Ovcar3 human ovarian cancer cell line. Additionally, we sought to dissect the molecular mechanisms bolstering this resistance. Our results illustrate that consistent administration of the heavy metal mixture at extraordinarily low concentrations fosters pronounced chemotherapy resistance in Ovcar3 cells via cross resistance. This resistance endured and was propagated through ensuing cell generations. We observed that ATP-binding cassette (ABC) membrane transporters, specifically P-gp/ABCB1, BRCP/ABCG2, and ABCC1-type cellular detoxification functions, were markedly overexpressed, playing a crucial role in multidrug resistance. This finding supports the molecular evidence of the acquired multidrug resistance phenotype and provides preliminary insights into the potential resistance mechanism. We also found decreased mortality rates in the resistant ovarian cancer cells, with the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway activating at a reduced rate post-chemotherapy relative to the non-resistant control cells. Furthermore, multidrug-resistant cells exhibited increased motility and enhanced wound-healing abilities, hinting at a higher metastatic potential. These findings suggest that analysing P-gp, BRCP, and ABCC1 multidrug resistance gene expression and/or protein levels within biopsy samples from ovarian cancer patients at risk of heavy metal exposure could prove advantageous in determining chemotherapy dosage and prolonging patient lifespan.